寄主植物对瓜蚜酯酶活性及其耐药性的影响

寄主植物对瓜蚜无翅胎生雌蚜体重、体色、体内酯酶活性均有明显影响。取食笋瓜、南瓜、瓠子、黄瓜和冬瓜的瓜蚜,体重依次增加,体色渐深,而体内羧酸酯酶活性依次渐低。取食不同奇主植物的瓜蚜对杀虫剂的耐药性与其体内酯酶活性呈正相关。瓜蚜体内羧酸酯酶活性（X）与乐果对瓜蚜的LC50（Y）附会Y=8．3827X－67．8530（r=0．952）,与功夫菊酯对瓜蚜的LC50（Y）附合Y=1．040X－28．89（r=0．985）的线性关系。     

Cytochemical Localization of Reserves during Seed Development in Arabidopsis thaliana under Spaceflight Conditions

Successful development of seeds under spaceflight conditionshas been an elusive goal of numerous long-duration experimentswith plants on orbital spacecraft. Because carbohydrate metabolismundergoes changes when plants are grown in microgravity, developingseed storage reserves might be detrimentally affected duringspaceflight. Seed development in Arabidopsis thaliana plantsthat flowered during 11 d in space on shuttle mission STS-68has been investigated in this study. Plants were grown to therosette stage (13 d) on a nutrient agar medium on the groundand loaded into the Plant Growth Unit flight hardware 18 h priorto lift-off. Plants were retrieved 3 h after landing and siliqueswere immediately removed from plants. Young seeds were fixedand processed for microscopic observation. Seeds in both theground control and flight plants are similar in their morphologyand size. The oldest seeds from these plants contain completelydeveloped embryos and seed coats. These embryos developed radicle,hypocotyl, meristematic apical tissue, and differentiated cotyledons.Protoderm, procambium, and primary ground tissue had differentiated.Reserves such as starch and protein were deposited in the embryosduring tissue differentiation. The aleurone layer contains alarge quantity of storage protein and starch grains. A seedcoat developed from integuments of the ovule with gradual changein cell composition and cell material deposition. Carbohydrateswere deposited in outer integument cells especially in the outsidecell walls. Starch grains decreased in number per cell in theintegument during seed coat development. All these characteristicsduring seed development represent normal features in the groundcontrol plants and show that the spaceflight environment doesnot prevent normal development of seeds in Arabidopsis. Arabidopsis ; spaceflight; embryo; endosperm; seed coat; storage reserves     

水稻幼芽细胞生物膜上的赤霉素结合蛋白的结合特性

在水稻 (Oryza sativa)幼芽中存在膜结合的赤霉素结合蛋白 ,其与 GA3 结合的平衡解离常数(Kd)为 6.5× 1 0 -8mol/ L,总浓度为 0 .3 pmol· mg-1 蛋白质。结合蛋白与 GA3 结合活力在 0℃时比 2 5℃时高 1 4 0 %。它与 GA3 结合的最适 p H为 5。 GA3 与此结合蛋白的结合量随反应时间延长而增加 ,1 h达最大值 ,以后又逐渐下降。 IAA、ABA可与 GA3 竞争赤霉素结合蛋白。     

生物复苏——大绝灭后生物演化历史的第一幕

生命史是一部生物界短期,快速剧变与长期,慢速稳定相互交替的历史。大绝灭（即集群绝灭）事件反映了全球环境的大突变,点断了地质历史中的生命记录及其发展历程,预示着生物界的演化出现了最有意义的飞跃,近年来尝试研究大绝灭后全球生物界的残存－复苏及其基本型式,并探索复苏的控制因素,标志着地质科学中一个重心的转移（即从大绝灭转向其后的生物残存与复苏的研究）。生物复苏揭示了大绝灭后生物演化历史的第一幕,其研究的     

广西、贵州的Zelia及其地层分布

标本采自广西宜山、天等和贵州独山、紫云等地的早二叠世地层中。Ｚｅｌｌｉａ富集于层面,大多和Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ,Ｓｐｈａｅｒｏｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ,Ｒｏｂｕｓｔｏｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ共生,在确定石炭二叠系界线时具有一定的地层意义。现对Ｚｅｌｉａ的属征加以阐述、讨论和归并,并对其地理地层分布作一简介     

丝孢酵母高甲硫氨酸突变株的选育及营养调控

以丝孢酵母(Trichosporon Behr)ST851为原始菌株,经紫外线诱变,在含乙硫氨酸的双层平板上筛选到多株抗乙硫氨酸突变株。其中ST851-10株抗乙硫氨酸浓度达到350μg/ml,其菌体蛋白质含量由40.5％提高到44.3％,菌体甲硫氨酸含量由20.45mg/g-DCW增加到29.32mg/g-DCW。在以苹果渣为碳源、尿素为氮源、硫酸镁作硫源的最适培养条件下,固态发酵24h后,蛋白质和甲硫氨酸含量较原始菌株分别提高了15.8％和44.9％。培养基中C/N值低有利于甲硫氨酸的合成,C/N值高则适合于菌体生长。在苹果渣固态发酵过程中,适当补加氮源既有利于菌体生长和甲硫氨酸的合成,又可起到调节培养基pH值的作用。     

太湖16000年来沉积环境的演变

通过对太湖钻孔岩芯岩性,结构,构造的剖析及粒度,磁化率的测试,发现冰后期东太湖形成于跑今６５００年前,在距今６５００－５８００年,为一水深约２－３ｍ的,经常受到流水作用影响的浅水湖泊,距今约５８００－５７００年,东太湖曾一度干枯或接近于干枯,距今５７００年以来湖泊变浅,平均水深只有１ｍ左右,由于湖泊变浅,湖底经常遭受波浪的扰动,形成波状层理或透镜状层理。西太湖局部洼地集水成湖的时间比东太湖早,并且     

猪精子凝集素的纯化,性质及其作用

用胎球蛋白－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ亲和层析和凝胶过滤层析从精子和精浆中分离纯化了猪精子凝集素（简称ＢＳＬ）。ＢＳＬ的血凝活性只被若干糖蛋白和聚糖所抑制。ＢＳＬ的分子量为５６ｋｄ,由分子量分别为１３．６ｋｄ（β）和１６．０ｋｄ（α）的两个不同的亚基以α１β３所组成。ＢＳＬ为糖蛋白,含中性糖３．２％,不含唾液酸。用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定猪精子中ＢＳＬ的含量及分布,表明７０％嵌入在精子膜中,２５％结合在精子表面,     

利用激光微束穿刺法将外源基因导入小麦的研究

用激光微束穿刺法将携带有新霉素磷酸转移酶（ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ）基因的质粒ｐＪＩＴ１０１导入京花１号小麦幼胚细胞。方法是将小麦幼胚细胞进行高渗缓冲液预处理,用微米级的激光微束处理,然后在卡那霉素培养基上筛选出具抗性的愈伤组织及绿色小植株。第一年,从１５０个小麦幼胚中,在卡那霉素培养基上筛选出４株绿苗,取两株进行ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ酶活性分析,测到了ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ酶的活性。第二年重复实验,从２４５个小麦幼胚中,经筛选获得１株绿苗,进行了叶片ＤＮＡＰＣＲ扩增检测,转化的绿色小苗扩增出所导入的ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ基因编码的片段。结果表明,外源ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ基因已导入了小麦,并实现了整合表达。     

我国盖蛛属1新纪录种（蜘蛛目：皿蛛科）

记述采自我国云南省勐腊的盖蛛属１新纪录种－鹤嘴盖蛛Ｎｅｒｉｅｎｅｍａｃｅｌｌａ（Ｔｈｏｒｅｌｌ．１８９８）。