桂林小花苣苔离体快速繁殖技术

对抗结核植物桂林小花苣苔（Chiritopsis repanda var.guilinensis）进行离体培养与快速繁殖技术研究。结果表明：桂林小花苣苔叶片外植体的最适初代诱导培养基为MS＋0.5mg·L^-16-BA＋0.05mg·L^-1IBA,pH8.0;最适继代增殖培养基为MS＋0.1mg·L^-16-BA＋0.05mg·L^-1IBA,pH6.0,繁殖系数7.0/35天;最适生根培养基为1/2MS＋0.2mg·L^-1NAA,pH6.0,生根率为93.6%。模拟桂林小花苣苔自然生境,在春季对生根试管苗进行大棚移栽,成活率达90%。根据上述快繁技术,理论上每株试管苗每年可繁殖桂林小花苣苔种苗46万株。     

卵巢催乳素受体mRNA在小鼠卵泡发育及排卵过程中的表达

目的探讨卵巢催乳素受体(Prolactin receptor,PRLR)mRNA在小鼠不同发育阶段及排卵过程中的表达情况。方法选择不同发育时期的昆明小鼠,以及性未成熟昆明小鼠予以PMSG-HCG(Pregnancy Mare Serum Gonadotro-phin-Humane chorionic gonadotrophin,孕马血清促性腺激素-人绒毛膜促性腺激素)序贯处理,采用实时定量聚合酶链反应(Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction,Real-Time PCR)检测小鼠卵巢中PRLR mRNA的表达。结果PRLR mR-NA的表达水平随小鼠的不断发育而显著性升高,PRLR在6周龄小鼠卵巢中的表达量是3周龄小鼠的3.86倍(P0.01),11周龄与33周龄小鼠的表达水平分别是3周龄小鼠的19.67倍、19.81倍(P0.01);PMSG处理后12h,PRLR表达水平是对照组的1.44倍(P0.05),24h、48h后分别达到5.48倍和7.14倍(P0.01),HCG处理后4h、8h、12h,PRLR表达水平有所下降,但仍高于对照组(P0.01),24h、48h后其表达水平再次升高,分别是对照组的5.64倍和6.04倍。结果 PRLR对小鼠卵泡的生长、发育及其黄体形成与维持发挥重要作用。     

海洋真菌产抗菌物质培养基及其性质研究

目的:海洋真菌Fy-04产抗菌物质培养基及性质研究.方法:管碟法测定抑菌效果确定海洋真菌Fy-04产抗菌物质的培养基及其性质.结果:海洋真菌Fy-04产抗菌物质对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌最佳培养基组成为:马铃薯海水浸出液60%,葡萄糖2%,蛋白胨1%,酵母膏0.1%,抑菌圈直径34.6mm;对大肠杆菌抑菌最佳培养基组成为:葡萄糖2%,蛋白胨0.7%,酵母膏0.1%,FePO4 0.04%,抑菌圈直径21.6mm;抗菌物质80℃处理1h,残留活性60%以上,pH稳定范围在pH 6.0～10.0.结论:该菌株代谢产物对细菌有较好的抑菌效果,并能溶于乙醚、三氯甲烷中等极性的有机溶剂中.     

Influence of chk1 and plk1 silencing on radiation- or cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in human malignant cells

The G2/M checkpoint is an attractive pathway for targeting and sensitizing tumor cells to cancer treatment. Abrogation of the G2/M checkpoint by targeting molecules, such as checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1), increases DNA breakage and sensitizes tumor cells to anti-tumoral agents. However, most of the previously described G2/M abrogators are actually targeting the G2-M border checkpoints rather than mitotic checkpoints. This prompted us to test the effects of combined targeting of chk1 and a critical regulator of mitosis, polo-like kinase 1 (plk1). Chk1 and plk1 were found to be co-expressed in 70% of primary neoplastic tissues we examined. Asynchronized tumor cells were treated with different DNA damaging-agents to activate G1/S, S or G2/M checkpoints. Either chk1 or plk1-specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASODN) enhanced DNA damaging agent-induced apoptosis. When used in combination, however, chk1- plus plk1-specific ASODN failed to produce synergistic effects. Moreover, selective targeting of plk1 or chk1 in tumor xenografts of mice by oncolytic adenovirus mutants demonstrated potent anti-tumoral efficacy in the presence of low dose cisplatin. Again, combined targeting of chk1 and plk1 did not further enhance anti-tumoral efficacy. We concluded that combined targeting of chk1 and plk1 was not superior to either targeting chk1 or plk1 alone, which suggested that chk1 and plk1 silencing might overlap in their mechanism of action. Whether combined targeting of chk1 with other, more specific mitotic regulators would synergistically sensitize tumor to anti-neoplastic therapeutics needs to be further clarified. Qinglei Gao and Xiaoyuan Huang contributed equally to this work.     

开花对两种杓兰光合作用和同化产物分配的影响

对同一生境下黄花杓兰（Cypripedium flavum）和西藏杓兰（Cypripedium tibeticum）开花株与非开花株的气体交换、光系统Ⅱ实际光化学效率（φPSⅡ）和^14C分配进行了测定,目的在于了解开花对杓兰光合作用以及同化产物分配的影响。结果表明这两种杓兰开花均能通过提高电子传递速率来提升植株的光合作用。相对于黄花杓兰,西藏杓兰开花显著提高植株的呼吸速率,以致其最大净光合速率（Amax）的提升不显著。两种杓兰的花和地下部分（包括根状茎和芽）在同化产物分配上存在竞争关系,因而开花减少了同化产物向植株地下部分的分配。     

白粉藤的木脂素和三萜成分

从白粉藤（Cissus repens Lank）地上部分分离得到5个木脂素和8个三萜,其中一个木脂素是新化合物,它的结构通过波谱分析和碱水解的方法鉴定为：（＋）-异落叶松树脂醇-9′-（2-对-香豆酰）-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷（1）。其余化合物分别是：（＋）-异落叶松树脂醇-9′-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷（2）,（＋）-Lyoniside（3）,（—）-开环异落叶松树脂醇-9-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷（4）,（7′R,8′S）-4′-hydroxy-3′,5-dimethoxy-7,8′-dihydrobenzofuran-1-propanolneolignan-9′-O-β-D-xylopyranoside（5）,木栓酮（6）,表木栓醇（7）,蒲公英赛醇乙酸酯（8）,熊果酸（9）,2α-羟基乌索酸（10）,积雪草酸（11）,Niga-ichigoside F1（12）,羽扇豆醇（13）。这些化合物都是首次从该植物中分离得到。     

脱色希瓦氏菌S12的铁还原性能研究

从印染废水中分离得到了一株具有染料脱色功能的希瓦氏菌脱色新种。该菌能在厌氧条件下利用Fe^3＋作为末端电子受体获得能量,支持细胞生长。在pH8．0．温度30℃。柠檬酸铁800mg／L,乳酸钠2g／L,酵母抽提物0．5g／L的条件下,培养8h的过程中,菌体细胞量的增长完全与Fe^3＋的还原发展趋向一致。同时考察了碳氮源、乳酸钠、酵母抽提物、pH值和温度等方面对该菌株的生长和铁还原特性的影响。结果表明,菌体生长以LB为最好,以葡萄糖和乳酸钠为碳源时对铁还原有利。在酵母抽提物浓度4g／L范围内,菌体生长量和铁还原率随着酵母抽提物浓度的提高而提高。当乳酸钠为6g／L时,S12菌体生长量和铁还原率达到最佳。柠檬酸铁浓度为800mg／L时菌体生长量和铁还原率最高。在起始pH6-8的范围内,菌株S12的生长随着pH升高而升高,这也是菌株S12进行铁还原的最佳pH范围。菌株S12在温度范围20℃-40℃内均可生长和进行铁还原,而以30℃时最佳。     

拟南芥AtMPK6的信号转导功能和参与发育调控的研究进展

促分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）级联途径主要MAPKKK、MAPKK和MAPK三个组分构成,彼此逐级磷酸化进而传递细胞信号。这些激酶可以将信息从感应器传递到效应器,并在胞内外信号传递中起多种作用。同时,MAPK级联途径通过相互“交谈”形成复杂的信号传递网络,从而有效地传递各种特异信号。迄今为止,拟南芥AtMPK3、AtMPK4和AtMPK6是研究最多的MAPKs。本文综述AtMPK6参与调控植物对逆境胁迫的响应,以及在生长发育过程中的作用,并介绍AtMPK6与蛋白磷酸酶之间的关系。     

槐庶尺蛾性信息素腺体EAG活性成分绝对构型的鉴定(英文)

槐庶尺蛾Semiothisa cinerearia Bremer et Grey （鳞翅目： 尺蛾科）是我国北方国槐Sophora japonica L.上的重要食叶害虫。本研究的主要目的是阐明槐庶尺蛾性信息素成分化学结构的绝对构型, 为在城市地区环境友好地防控槐庶尺蛾的为害提供一种新方法。经与标准品比较气相色谱保留时间和质谱特征离子, 从槐庶尺蛾处女雌蛾（2-3日龄）性信息素腺体溶剂提取物中检测到顺6, 顺9-顺-3, 4-环氧-十七碳二烯烃和顺3, 顺6, 顺9-3, 6, 9-十七碳三烯烃2种成分, 在腺体中以100∶4.8±1.3 （N=12）的比例存在。槐庶尺蛾性信息素腺体提取物进一步经手性毛细管色谱柱（CycloSil-B, 30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm 液膜厚）分离, 在优化的程序升温条件下发现腺体成分顺6, 顺9-顺-3, 4-环氧-十七碳二烯烃具有3R, 4S的绝对构型。两种合成的对映异构体混合物顺6, 顺9-3R, 4S-环氧-十七碳二烯烃和顺6, 顺9-3S, 4R-环氧-十七碳二烯烃以1.28∶1的比例加到腺体提取物中, 比例变为1.55∶1。根据这一分析, 腺体成分顺6, 顺9-顺-3, 4-环氧-十七碳二烯烃进一步确认具有3R, 4S的绝对构型。该研究结论将为生产上研发高效的槐庶尺蛾性信息素诱芯奠定坚实的基础。     

Glycine to glutamic acid misincorporation observed in a recombinant protein expressed by Escherichia coli cells

A novel amino acid misincorporation, in which the intended glycine (Gly) residues were replaced by a glutamic acid (Glu), was observed in a recombinant protein expressed by Escherichia coli. The misincorporation was identified by peptide mapping and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric analysis on proteolyzed peptides of the protein and verified using the corresponding synthetic peptides containing the misincorporated residues. Analysis of the distribution of the misincorporated residues and their codon usage shows strong correlation between this misincorporation and the use of rarely used codon within the E. coli expression system. Results in this study suggest that the usage of the rare codon GGA has resulted in a Glu for Gly misincorporation.