脱色希瓦氏菌S12的铁还原性能研究

从印染废水中分离得到了一株具有染料脱色功能的希瓦氏菌脱色新种。该菌能在厌氧条件下利用Fe^3＋作为末端电子受体获得能量,支持细胞生长。在pH8．0．温度30℃。柠檬酸铁800mg／L,乳酸钠2g／L,酵母抽提物0．5g／L的条件下,培养8h的过程中,菌体细胞量的增长完全与Fe^3＋的还原发展趋向一致。同时考察了碳氮源、乳酸钠、酵母抽提物、pH值和温度等方面对该菌株的生长和铁还原特性的影响。结果表明,菌体生长以LB为最好,以葡萄糖和乳酸钠为碳源时对铁还原有利。在酵母抽提物浓度4g／L范围内,菌体生长量和铁还原率随着酵母抽提物浓度的提高而提高。当乳酸钠为6g／L时,S12菌体生长量和铁还原率达到最佳。柠檬酸铁浓度为800mg／L时菌体生长量和铁还原率最高。在起始pH6-8的范围内,菌株S12的生长随着pH升高而升高,这也是菌株S12进行铁还原的最佳pH范围。菌株S12在温度范围20℃-40℃内均可生长和进行铁还原,而以30℃时最佳。     

拟南芥AtMPK6的信号转导功能和参与发育调控的研究进展

促分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）级联途径主要MAPKKK、MAPKK和MAPK三个组分构成,彼此逐级磷酸化进而传递细胞信号。这些激酶可以将信息从感应器传递到效应器,并在胞内外信号传递中起多种作用。同时,MAPK级联途径通过相互“交谈”形成复杂的信号传递网络,从而有效地传递各种特异信号。迄今为止,拟南芥AtMPK3、AtMPK4和AtMPK6是研究最多的MAPKs。本文综述AtMPK6参与调控植物对逆境胁迫的响应,以及在生长发育过程中的作用,并介绍AtMPK6与蛋白磷酸酶之间的关系。     

槐庶尺蛾性信息素腺体EAG活性成分绝对构型的鉴定(英文)

槐庶尺蛾Semiothisa cinerearia Bremer et Grey （鳞翅目： 尺蛾科）是我国北方国槐Sophora japonica L.上的重要食叶害虫。本研究的主要目的是阐明槐庶尺蛾性信息素成分化学结构的绝对构型, 为在城市地区环境友好地防控槐庶尺蛾的为害提供一种新方法。经与标准品比较气相色谱保留时间和质谱特征离子, 从槐庶尺蛾处女雌蛾（2-3日龄）性信息素腺体溶剂提取物中检测到顺6, 顺9-顺-3, 4-环氧-十七碳二烯烃和顺3, 顺6, 顺9-3, 6, 9-十七碳三烯烃2种成分, 在腺体中以100∶4.8±1.3 （N=12）的比例存在。槐庶尺蛾性信息素腺体提取物进一步经手性毛细管色谱柱（CycloSil-B, 30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm 液膜厚）分离, 在优化的程序升温条件下发现腺体成分顺6, 顺9-顺-3, 4-环氧-十七碳二烯烃具有3R, 4S的绝对构型。两种合成的对映异构体混合物顺6, 顺9-3R, 4S-环氧-十七碳二烯烃和顺6, 顺9-3S, 4R-环氧-十七碳二烯烃以1.28∶1的比例加到腺体提取物中, 比例变为1.55∶1。根据这一分析, 腺体成分顺6, 顺9-顺-3, 4-环氧-十七碳二烯烃进一步确认具有3R, 4S的绝对构型。该研究结论将为生产上研发高效的槐庶尺蛾性信息素诱芯奠定坚实的基础。     

Neuromedin B and its receptor influence the activity of myometrial primary cells in vitro through regulation of Il6 expression via the Rela/p65 pathway in mice

The neuromedin B receptor (Nmbr) is an important physiological regulator of spontaneous activities and stress responses through different cascades as well as its autocrine and paracrine effects. Previous studies have revealed that neuromedin B (Nmb) and its receptor signal via the Rela (also known as p65)/Il6 pathway in a mouse model of pregnancy. This study investigated the mechanism of Nmbr signaling via the Rela/p65-Il6 pathway and regulation of the concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) during the onset of labor in primary mouse myometrial cell cultures isolated from mice in term labor. Data demonstrated Nmbr agonist-mediated upregulation of the DNA binding activity of Rela/p65, Il6 expression, and [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between DNA binding activity of Rela/p65 and Il6 expression. Moreover, this up-regulation was blocked by Nmbr and Rela/p65 knockdown, achieved by RNA interference (RNAi) technology. No significant differences were identified in the inhibition of Il6 expression as a result of Nmbr or Rela/p65 knockdown. However, significant differences were observed between the [Ca(2+)](i) in Rela/p65-specific group and that in the Nmbr-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA)-treated groups. These data demonstrated that the Nmb/Nmbr interaction in pregnant myometrial primary cells in vitro predominantly influenced uterine activity through regulation of Il6 expression via the Rela/p65 pathway, although the effects of Nmbr on [Ca(2+)](i) involved several pathways that remain to be elucidated.     

Lysosomal membrane permeabilization is involved in curcumin-induced apoptosis of A549 lung carcinoma cells

We previously reported that curcumin inhibited lung cancer A549 cells growth and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. In this study, we further examined the apoptosis-related parameters, including lysosomal damage and cathepsin activation, in A549 cells exposed to curcumin. We found that curcumin caused lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and cytosolic relocation of cathepsin B (cath B) and cathepsin D (cath D). However, only Z-FA-fmk (a cath B inhibitor) but not pepstatin A (a cath D inhibitor) inhibited curcumin-induced cell apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, and cytochrome c release. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine and glutathione attenuated LMP, suggesting that lysosomal destabilization was dependent on the elevation of reactive oxygen species and which precedes mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings indicated a novel pathway for curcumin regulation of ROS-lysosomal-mitochondrial pathway and provided the key mechanism of regulation of LMP in cell apoptosis, which may be exploited for cancer treatment.     

The G protein coupled receptor 3 is involved in cAMP and cGMP signaling and maintenance of meiotic arrest in porcine oocytes

The arrest of meiotic prophase in mammalian oocytes within fully grown follicles is dependent on cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) regulation. A large part of cAMP is produced by the Gs-linked G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR) pathway. In the present study, we examined whether GPR3 is involved in the maintenance of meiotic arrest in porcine oocytes. Expression and distribution of GPR3 were examined by western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy, respectively. The results showed that GPR3 was expressed at various stages during porcine oocyte maturation. At the germinal vesicle (GV) stage, GPR3 displayed a maximal expression level, and its expression remained stable from pro-metaphase I (MI) to metaphase II (MII). Immunofluorescence staining showed that GPR3 was mainly distributed at the nuclear envelope during the GV stage and localized to the plasma membrane at pro-MI, MI and MII stages. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to knock down the GPR3 expression within oocytes. Injection of small interfering double-stranded RNA (siRNA) targeting GPR3 stimulated meiotic resumption of oocytes. On the other hand, overexpression of GPR3 inhibited meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes, which was caused by increase of cGMP and cAMP levels and inhibition of cyclin B accumulation. Furthermore, incubation of porcine oocytes with the GPR3 ligand sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) inhibited oocyte maturation. We propose that GPR3 is required for maintenance of meiotic arrest in porcine oocytes through pathways involved in the regulation of cAMP and cGMP.     

井冈山自然保护区野生兰科植物资源分布及特点

通过对江西省井冈山自然保护区兰科(Orchidaceae)植物的调查,分析了保护区内兰科植物的物种多样性、区系特点、分布格局,并采用SPSS18.0软件对井冈山及其邻近保护区属的种类进行相关和聚类分析。结果表明:井冈山兰科植物种类丰富,共有兰科植物34属75种,中国特有兰科植物19种。井冈山兰科植物资源垂直分布格局明显,不同海拔段的兰科植物分布差异较大,中低海拔的物种分布较多,资源相对保存较好;区系成分复杂多样,井冈山兰科植物属的地理成分可以划分为10个类型2个变型,热带性属占优势,占总属数的67.3%,但热带分布的种仅占本地区总种数的37.3%,而温带分布的种却占62.7%,故井冈山自然保护区属热带植物区系与温带植物区系过渡的交汇地带。井冈山兰科植物与齐云山自然保护区的相似性最高,与武夷山自然保护区的相似性最低。     

Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, cellular uptake, cell cycle distribution, and DNA-binding investigation of ruthenium complexes

Three new ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(bpy)(2)(BHIP)](2+) 1, [Ru(phen)(2)(BHIP)](2+) 2, and [Ru(dip)(2)(BHIP)](2+) 3 were synthesized and characterized. The cytotoxicity of the three complexes was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The apoptosis induced by the complexes was studied by cell morphology and flow cytometry. The results showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells is 7.19%, 75.58%, and 3.51% in the presence of complexes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The cellular uptakes were also performed and the results indicated that complexes 1, 2, and 3 can enter into the cytoplasm and also into the nucleus. The studies on antiproliferative mechanism showed the induction of S-phase arrest by complexes 1, 2, and 3. DNA-binding constants of these complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were determined to be 1.07 (± 0.47) × 10(5) M(-1) (s = 2.04), 1.21 (± 0.32) × 10(5) M(-1) (s = 1.88), and 2.75 (± 0.27) × 10(5) M(-1) (s = 2.17), respectively. Upon irradiation at 365 nm, complexes 1, 2, and 3 can induce cleavage of pBR322 DNA.     

Prediction of Disease-Related Interactions between MicroRNAs and Environmental Factors Based on a Semi-Supervised Classifier

Accumulated evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can functionally interact with a number of environmental factors (EFs) and their interactions critically affect phenotypes and diseases. Therefore, in-silico inference of disease-related miRNA-EF interactions is becoming crucial not only for the understanding of the mechanisms by which miRNAs and EFs contribute to disease, but also for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. In this paper, we analyzed the human miRNA-EF interaction data and revealed that miRNAs (EFs) with similar functions tend to interact with similar EFs (miRNAs) in the context of a given disease, which suggests a potential way to expand the current relation space of miRNAs, EFs, and diseases. Based on this observation, we further proposed a semi-supervised classifier based method (miREFScan) to predict novel disease-related interactions between miRNAs and EFs. As a result, the leave-one-out cross validation has shown that miREFScan obtained an AUC of 0.9564, indicating that miREFScan has a reliable performance. Moreover, we applied miREFScan to predict acute promyelocytic leukemia-related miRNA-EF interactions. The result shows that forty-nine of the top 1% predictions have been confirmed by experimental literature. In addition, using miREFScan we predicted and publicly released novel miRNA-EF interactions for 97 human diseases. Finally, we believe that miREFScan would be a useful bioinformatic resource for the research about the relationships among miRNAs, EFs, and human diseases.     

植物抗寒基因表达调控研究进展

低温胁迫是植物生长过程中的主要非生物胁迫因子之一,也是影响农作物生产的主要因素之一。研究表明,在植物体内存在着一个复杂的对低温胁迫信号感知及传导的网络系统,该系统中大量的相关基因已有报道,这些基因不仅仅涉及植物激素的应答,还涉及到植物基因的转录调控及转录后的修饰与调控等各个方面。该文就近年来国内外有关植物抗寒基因表达调控的研究进展进行综述。