半滑舌鳎胚胎发育组织学观察

对半滑舌鳎Cynoglossus semilaevis胚胎发育进行了组织学观察,首次描述了半滑舌鳎胚胎发育过程中脊索、眼囊、中胚层、脊髓底板、神经管、肠、耳囊、脑、口咽膜和心管等组织结构.半滑舌鳎眼原基出现后,肌节在胚体后部开始分化.随后神经管前端不断膨大形成脑原基,脑形成之后在后脑的后面形成耳囊.胚体形成后,脊索位于脑的腹面,在胚胎发育过程中脊索细胞空泡化.肠位于脊索腹面.脊索背部有一排立方体细胞,为脊髓底板,脊髓底板位于神经管腹面并延伸到后脑前端.心脏是含有红血球的一个薄壁管,位于胚体头部腹面,且与中脑平行.     

荆三棱化学成分的研究（I）

我们前期从红花锦鸡儿(Caragana rosea)中发现两个具有抗HIV活性成分seirpusin A和B(含量仅约百万分之一),为了寻找富含该化合物的新的植物资源,我们对产于黑龙江省的荆三棱(Scirpus yagara)的化学成分进行了研究,从其乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离到6个化合物.通过1H NMR分析及与对照品TLC比较,分别鉴定为:白桦醇(1),对羟基桂皮酸(2),scirpusin A(3),白藜芦醇(4),piceatannol(5)及scirpusin B(6).其中,化合物scirpusin A和B,在该植物中含量丰富(含量分别为0.017%和0.013%).     

新疆一枝蒿的组织培养与快速繁殖

1 植物名称 新疆一枝蒿（Artemisia rupestris L．）,别名岩蒿。 2材料类别 种子。 3培养条件 种子萌发培养基：（1）MS。芽增殖培养基：（2）MS＋NAA0．05mg·L^-1（单位下同）;（3）MS＋6-BA0．5＋NAA0．05;（4）MS＋6-BA1．0＋NAA0．05;（5）MS＋6一BA1．5＋NAA0．05;（6）MS＋6-BA2．0＋NAA0．05。     

小麦籽粒内AGPase质体型小亚基的克隆和序列分析

文章从小麦籽粒中克隆了淀粉合成关键酶AGPase的质体型小亚基(SSU II)的cDNA序列.其中间部分与3'端序列与大麦SSU II(Z48563)的同源性高达97%,但在5'端特异的转移肽切割位点却比Z48563缺失一段113 bp序列.本文克隆的SSU II其特异5'端序列与已报道的大麦(Z48563)、小麦(536819)、玉米(AF334960)进行多序列比对和同源性比较显示,它们的亲缘关系较远,表明这可能是一个新的SSU II基因.另外,在检测的22个现今推广面积较大的小麦品种中,SSU II 5'端缺失序列的现象都普遍存在.     

双斑长跗跳甲形态特征及行为学观察

双斑长跗跳甲Longitarsus bimaculatus Baly成虫取食美国白蜡(Fraxinus americana L.)叶片,受害叶焦枯脱落;幼虫钻入根内取食,以须根受害最重。描述各虫态的形态特征,并通过室内饲养和野外调查,观察成、幼虫的行为习性,对成虫的活动、取食、交配等行为作了详细报道。     

瘿椒树超长有性生殖周期的观察

瘿椒树Tapiscia sinensis为我国特有的珍稀保护植物,其有性生殖过程持续17个月之久。通过对花果发育形态的观察,揭示了瘿椒树超长生殖周期形成的主要原因是合子长时间休眠。瘿椒树花于当年5月开放,受精后的合子进入休眠状态,直到次年3月。休眠的幼果表现出一系列与越冬相适应的特征：子房壁表面形成木栓层,花托膨大,并向下延伸包围果柄等。次年4月果实开始发育,并迅速膨大,5月出现花果同期现象,至9月果实成熟。瘿椒树具长的合子休眠期和果实越年成熟现象,我们认为可将瘿椒树属Tapiscia提升为瘿椒树科Tapisciaceae。瘿椒树在生殖上的特异性和在系统学中的特殊性说明该类群在系统演化上的问题还需进一步的研究。     

Soybean GmbZIP44, GmbZIP62 and GmbZIP78 genes function as negative regulator of ABA signaling and confer salt and freezing tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis

From soybean plant, 131 bZIP genes were identified and named as GmbZIPs. The GmbZIPs can be classified into ten groups and more than one third of these GmbZIPs are responsive to at least one of the four treatments including ABA, salt, drought and cold stresses. Previous studies have shown that group A bZIP proteins are involved in ABA and stress signaling. We now chose four non-group A genes to study their features. The four proteins GmbZIP44, GmbZIP46, GmbZIP62 and GmbZIP78 belong to the group S, I, C and G, respectively, and can bind to GLM (GTGAGTCAT), ABRE (CCACGTGG) and PB-like (TGAAAA) elements with differential affinity in both the yeast one-hybrid assay and in vitro gel-shift analysis. GmbZIP46 can form homodimer or heterodimer with GmbZIP62 or GmMYB76. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the GmbZIP44, GmbZIP62 or GmbZIP78 showed reduced ABA sensitivity. However, all the transgenic plants were more tolerant to salt and freezing stresses when compared with the Col plants. The GmbZIP44, GmbZIP62 and GmbZIP78 may function in ABA signaling through upregulation of ABI1 and ABI2 and play roles in stress tolerance through regulation of various stress-responsive genes. These results indicate that GmbZIP44, GmbZIP62 and GmbZIP78 are negative regulators of ABA signaling and function in salt and freezing tolerance.     

新疆紫草细胞生产阶段培养中细胞生长及产物合成的研究I：悬浮培养

新疆紫草细胞生产阶段培养时生物产量随接种量的增加而增大,但生物量的倍增数并不增大。色素产量只在一定范围内与接种量成正相关关系,超过一定范围反而下降。当选定适当接种量时,加大培养基的浓度可提高色素产率。扩大培养规模,色素产量下降。     

重组腺相关病毒2型转导人外周血单核细胞来源树突状细胞的研究

To find out the infection efficiency of recombinant adeno-as sociated virus 2-mediated exogenou s genes in human peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells(D Cs),the process of transfection wa s investigated by FITC-labeled rAA V2,and observed under confocal mic roscope.Newly separated dendritic cells were tranfected by rAAV2-luc and rAAV2-GFP at different MOI,and transfection efficiency were detec ted by luminometer for rAAV2-luc a nd flow cytometry for rAAV2-GFP.Th e results were elucidated in four different assay systems:(1)60min w as needed for rAAV2 to bind on den dritic cells,and got into cells in the following 10min;(2)the express ion of luc could be detected at th e MOI as low as 1×10~5v.g/cell,and the expression plateau was reached by the MOI of 10~6～10~7v.g/cell,furt her increase of MOI had no functio n on expression level;(3)transgene expression was detected after 48h, and maintained a higher expression level from 96h to 240h after infec tion;(4)7days postinfection of rAA V2-GFP,5%～18% dendritic cells were GFP positive. These data suggest th at rAAV2 vector can efficiently in fect monocyte-derived dendritic ce lls and mediate exogenous gene exp ression,and that the application o f rAAV2 as vector may be useful fo r gene transfer to dendritic cells in ex vivo immunotherapy.     

北京东灵山地区地形土壤因子与植物群落关系研究

 地形与土壤因子是决定植物群落结构的主要因素,同时植物多样性在不同尺度上影响着景观中的流,植物、地形与土壤三者之间在不同尺度上密切联系,研究它们之间的关系对于了解生态系统功能过程非常重要。针对东灵山地区异质化景观现状,在小流域尺度上选取了76个20 m×20 m的样地进行调查,研究选取了16个指标,分别代表地形因子、植物群落与土壤性质。利用多元统计手段,对选取指标进行了主成分分析、聚类分析与典范相关分析。结果显示土壤、植被、地形因子三者相互影响：地形因子与土壤理化性质影响着植被的分布格局与群落结构,反过来群落因子也对土壤的理化因子产生较大的影响。土壤有机质含量是指示土壤肥力的一个敏感指标,3种不同肥力类型中,群落的层盖度与丰富度存在较大的差别,而决定其分布的地形特点也不相同。不同指标集团的典范相关分析表明,坡位主要影响乔木层盖度,海拔高度与全氮相关性密切,而乔木层物种丰富度与有机质含量关系密切。