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91.
A membrane oxidation assay is presented which uses isolated erythrocyte membranes ("ghosts") and lipoxygenase as a selective catalyst for the transfer of oxygen to cis - cis -1,4-pentadiene-moieties. The latter are, for instance, present in linoleic and arachidonic acids, both of which are integral parts of membranes. These non-conjugated double bonds represent energetically favorable sites for oxidative attack and therefore, may be rearranged and partially consumed during oxidative stress. Consequently, the measurement of oxygen consumption in the course of the lipoxygenase-mediated oxidation provides a tool for the quick and reliable determination of such double bonds. Significant inter-individual differences have been noted in 11 subjects, which also correlate to the total radical antioxidant parameter (TRAP) values obtained. This assay will be helpful in the assessment of oxidizable structures in erythrocyte membranes that may be diminished as a consequence of oxidative damage suffered by an individual. In conclusion, a simple and rapid assay for the assessment of the oxidizability of erythrocyte membranes is presented complementing the TRAP assay for plasma antioxidative status. 相似文献
92.
van Rossum BJ Castellani F Pauli J Rehbein K Hollander J de Groot HJ Oschkinat H 《Journal of biomolecular NMR》2003,25(3):217-223
In this paper, we present a strategy for the 1HN resonance assignment in solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR, using the -spectrin SH3 domain as an example. A novel 3D triple resonance experiment is presented that yields intraresidue HN-N-C correlations, which was essential for the proton assignment. For the observable residues, 52 out of the 54 amide proton resonances were assigned from 2D (1H-15N) and 3D (1H-15N-13C) heteronuclear correlation spectra. It is demonstrated that proton-driven spin diffusion (PDSD) experiments recorded with long mixing times (4 s) are helpful for confirming the assignment of the protein backbone 15N resonances and as an aid in the amide proton assignment. 相似文献
93.
In Vitro susceptibility of 137 Candida sp. Isolates from HIV positive patients to several antifungal drugs 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Oropharyngeal candidiasis caused by various species of Candida is one of the most common infections in HIV seropositive or AIDS patients. Drug resistance among these yeasts is an increasing
problem. We studied the frequency of resistance profile to fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, amphotericin B and terbinafine
of 137 isolates of Candida sp. From HIV positive or AIDS patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis at Instituto de Inmunología, U.C.V. and the Hospital
“Jose Ignacio Baldó”, Caracas Venezuela, using the well diffusion susceptibility test (Magaldi et al.). We found that nearly
10% of C. albicans isolates were primarily fluconazole resistant, 45% of C. albicans isolates from patients with previous treatment were resistant to fluconazole, of which 93% showed cross-resistance to itraconazole,
and even about 30% of C. tropicalis (n = 13) were resistant to fluconazole and/or itraconazole. To this respect, several recent reports have been described antifungal
cross-resistance among azoles. Therefore, we consider that C. tropicalis should be added to the growing list of yeast in which antifungal drug resistance is common. This report could be useful for
therapeutic aspect in AIDS patients with oral candidiasis.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
94.
95.
Gómez R Vioque M Sanchez E Mata C Tejada L Fernández-Salguero J 《Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica》2000,47(1):53-61
The effect of storing farmhouse ewe cheese in oil and in vacuo over long periods of time on physicochemical properties (water activity and pH) and the microbiota of the cheese was investigated. The storage conditions were found to scarcely influence the sample pH. Also, the initial water activity (a(w) = 0.961) and its value after 9 months of storage (0.927) were both very similar to those for naturally ripened cheese. The incidence of pathogenic microbial groups was found to decrease with storage time (counts fell below 1 log CFU/g). The flora that effects proteolytic changes in cheese consisted of lactic microorganisms (viz. lactococci and lactobacilli), in addition, after 6 months of storage, of enterococci. The last are responsible for the formation of large amounts of soluble nitrogen (SN), non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and aminoacid nitrogen (NH2-N), which provide this type of cheese with very special sensory features while preventing dehydration and thus lengthening its shelf life. 相似文献
96.
Elsässer A Decker E Kostin S Hein S Skwara W Müller KD Greiber S Schaper W Klövekorn WP Schaper J 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2000,213(1-2):17-28
Recently, we proposed the hypothesis that a vicious cycle exists in human hibernating myocardium (HM) between the progression of myocyte degeneration and the development of fibrosis [1]. We now investigated the pathomechanism of this cycle in more detail and established a correlation between the severity of the morphological changes and the degree of postoperative functional recovery of HM.HM was diagnosed by dobutamine echocardiography, thallium-201 scintigraphy and radionuclide ventriculography. Functional recovery was present at 3 months after coronary bypass surgery but remained unchanged at 15 months. Forty patients were subdivided into 2 groups: A with complete and B with incomplete recovery. Biopsies taken during surgery and studied by electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry, rt-PCR, and morphometry revealed myocyte degeneration and inflammatory and fibrinogenic changes in a widened interstitial space. We report here for the first time an upregulation of TGF-1 evident by a 5-fold increase of fibroblasts and macrophages exhibiting a TGF-1 content 3-fold larger than in control, and a > 3-fold increase in TGF-1 mRNA by rt-PCR. The number of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) containing structures was increased (n/mm2: control - 11.4, A - 17.6, B - 19.2, control vs. A and B, p < 0.05). Fibrosis was more severe in group B than A or control (%: C - 10.1; A - 21.2; B - 40.6; p < 0.05). Capillary density was significantly reduced (n/mm2: C - 1152; A - 782; B - 579, p < 0.05) and intercapillary distance was widened (m: C - 29.5, A - 36.1, B - 43.3, p < 0.05). The number of CD 3 (n/mm2: C - 5.0; A - 9.6; B - 9.4, ns) and CD 68 positive cells (n/mm2: C - 37.2; A - 80.7; B - 55.0, C vs. A p < 0.05) was elevated in HM as compared to control indicating an inflammatory reaction. Cut-off points for functional recovery are fibrosis > 32%, capillary density < 660/mm2 and intercapillary distance > 39.0 m.In HM a self-perpetuating vicious cycle of tissue alterations leads to progressive replacement fibrosis and continuous intracellular degeneration which should be interrupted by early revascularization. 相似文献
97.
Recent studies of the human, mouse and bovine genes for 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase (11cRDH) and human and mouse 9-cis-retinol dehydrogenase (9cRDH) suggest that they are homologs of the same enzyme. This conclusion is inconsistent with earlier literature indicating that 11cRDH is expressed solely in the eye and does not utilize 9-cis-retinol as a substrate. We have compared directly the kinetic properties of recombinant human and mouse 9cRDH with those of bovine 11cRDH for 9-cis- and 11-cis-retinol and investigated the inhibitory properties of 13-cis-retinoic acid on each of these enzymes. Human and mouse 9cRDH and bovine 11cRDH have very similar kinetic properties towards 9-cis- and 11-cis-retinol oxidation and they respond identically to 13-cis-retinoic acid inhibition. Our biochemical data are consistent with the conclusion that 9cRDH and 11cRDH are the same enzyme. 相似文献
98.
Nicolas Favre Claudia Daubenberger Jutta Marfurt Alberto Moreno Manuel Patarroyo G. Pluschke 《Immunogenetics》1998,48(4):253-259
We cloned and sequenced TcR alpha chain cDNA of three healthy Aotus nancymaae monkeys. Fifteen different TRAJ segments and 9 different TRAV genes were identified in the 29 rearrangements analyzed. As expected from the greater phylogenetic distance, A. nancymaae TRA gene sequences diverged more from the human sequences than those of the chimpanzee or the rhesus macaque. However, no Aotus TRAJ segment or TRAV gene was found which lacked a human counterpart. These counterparts were AJ02, AJ05, AJ09, AJ15, AJ22, AJ23, AJ28, AJ30, AJ32, AJ34, AJ37, AJ40, AJ42, AJ45, AJ52 and AV2S1, AV2S3, AV3S1, AV8S1, AV12S1, AV15S1, ADV21S1/DV5, AV22S1S and AV23S1, respectively. In most cases the identity of amino acid sequences between corresponding Aotus and human genes was greater than 80%. This marked conservation of TRA gene sequences indicates a close structural relationship of Aotus and human TcR and demonstrates that the TcR repertoire in primates is remarkably stable. The results support the concept
of using Aotus monkeys, which are susceptible to infection with the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, as an animal model for the evaluation of molecularly defined malaria vaccine candidates.
Received: 15 January 1998 / Revised: 23 March 1998 相似文献
99.
The effect of the cryopreservation of six Pleurotus strains was evaluated. Primordia initiation, number of flushes, biological efficiency and fruiting body size obtained with respect to pileus diameter was recorded. These strains were previously evaluated before storage in liquid nitrogen. Variation in the number of flushes (3-4), the fruiting body size (< 5 cm at > 15 cm) and biological efficiency was observed. This varied according to the strain used, ranging from 55-105.6%. The fruiting bodies of the cryopreserved strains did not differ with respect to the untreated strains. 相似文献
100.