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141.
Venke Arntsberg Grane Jan Ferenc Brunner Tor Endestad Ida Emilia S. Aasen Juri Kropotov Robert Thomas Knight Anne-Kristin Solbakk 《PloS one》2016,11(7)
This study investigated whether treatment naïve adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; n = 33; 19 female) differed from healthy controls (n = 31; 17 female) in behavioral performance, event-related potential (ERP) indices of preparatory attention (CueP3 and late CNV), and reactive response control (Go P3, NoGo N2, and NoGo P3) derived from a visual cued Go/NoGo task. On several critical measures, Cue P3, late CNV, and NoGo N2, there were no significant differences between the groups. This indicated normal preparatory processes and conflict monitoring in ADHD patients. However, the patients had attenuated Go P3 and NoGoP3 amplitudes relative to controls, suggesting reduced allocation of attentional resources to processes involved in response control. The patients also had a higher rate of Go signal omission errors, but no other performance decrements compared with controls. Reduced Go P3 and NoGo P3 amplitudes were associated with poorer task performance, particularly in the ADHD group. Notably, the ERPs were not associated with self-reported mood or anxiety. The results provide electrophysiological evidence for reduced effortful engagement of attentional resources to both Go and NoGo signals when reactive response control is needed. The absence of group differences in ERP components indexing proactive control points to impairments in specific aspects of cognitive processes in an untreated adult ADHD cohort. The associations between ERPs and task performance provided additional support for the altered electrophysiological responses. 相似文献
142.
143.
Takako Miyabe-Nishiwaki Takaaki Kaneko Tomoko Sakai Akihisa Kaneko Akino Watanabe Shohei Watanabe Norihiko Maeda Kiyonori Kumazaki Juri Suzuki Reina Fujiwara Haruyuki Makishima Takeshi Nishimura Misato Hayashi Masaki Tomonaga Tetsuro Matsuzawa Akichika Mikami 《Primates; journal of primatology》2014,55(1):7-12
An intracranial arachnoid cyst was detected in a 32-year-old, 44.6-kg, female chimpanzee at the Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) were performed and the cognitive studies in which she participated were reviewed. MRI revealed that the cyst was present in the chimpanzee’s right occipital convexity, and was located in close proximity to the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle without ventriculomegaly. CT confirmed the presence of the cyst and no apparent signs indicating previous skull fractures were found. The thickness of the mandible was asymmetrical, whereas the temporomandibular joints and dentition were symmetrical. She showed no abnormalities in various cognitive studies since she was 3 years old, except a different behavioural pattern during a recent study, indicating a possible visual field defect. Detailed cognitive studies, long-term observation of her physical condition and follow-up MRI will be continued. 相似文献
144.
145.
Ishihama Y Oda Y Tabata T Sato T Nagasu T Rappsilber J Mann M 《Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP》2005,4(9):1265-1272
To estimate absolute protein contents in complex mixtures, we previously defined a protein abundance index (PAI) as the number of observed peptides divided by the number of observable peptides per protein (Rappsilber, J., Ryder, U., Lamond, A. I., and Mann, M. (2002) Large-scale proteomic analysis of the human spliceosome. Genome. Res. 12, 1231-1245). Here we report that PAI values obtained at different concentrations of serum albumin show a linear relationship with the logarithm of protein concentration in LC-MS/MS experiments. This was also the case for 46 proteins in a mouse whole cell lysate. For absolute quantitation, PAI was converted to exponentially modified PAI (emPAI), equal to 10PAI minus one, which is proportional to protein content in a protein mixture. For the 46 proteins in the whole lysate, the deviation percentages of the emPAI-based abundances from the actual values were within 63% on average, similar or better than determination of abundance by protein staining. emPAI was applied to comprehensive protein expression analysis and to a comparison study between gene and protein expression in a human cancer cell line, HCT116. The values of emPAI are easily calculated and add important quantitation information to proteomic experiments; therefore we suggest that they should be reported in large scale proteomic identification projects. 相似文献
146.
Juri Kim Myeong Heon Shin Kyoung-Ju Song Soon-Jung Park 《The Korean journal of parasitology》2009,47(3):287-291
The α/β-tubulin heterodimer is the basic subunit of microtubules in eukaryotes. Polyclonal antibodies specific to recombinant α-tubulin of Giardia lamblia were made, and found effective as a probe to specifically detect G. lamblia by immunofluorescence assays. Nucleotide sequences of α-tubulin genes were compared between G. lamblia WB and GS strains, prototypes of assemblage A and assemblage B, respectively. A set of primers was designed and used to amplify a portion of the α-tubulin gene from G. lamblia. PCR-RFLP analysis of this α-tubulin PCR product successfully differentiated G. lamblia into 2 distinct groups, assemblages A and B. The results indicate that α-tubulin can be used as a molecular probe to detect G. lamblia. 相似文献
147.
Juri Nascimbene Giorgio Brunialti Sonia Ravera Luisa Frati Giovanni Caniglia 《Ecological Indicators》2010,10(2):353-360
In Italy, many lichen species rare at the national level share their ecological requirements with Lobaria pulmonaria. The aim of this work is to test this lichen as a potential indicator for assessing forest sites which are worthy of conservation for lichens in Italy. The hypothesis to be tested is that stands hosting large and viable populations of this lichen also host nationally rare and sensitive lichen species. The study was carried out in two large forested areas of Italy under different bioclimatic conditions and with different forest types: Cansiglio Forest, in NE Italy, and Cilento in SW Italy. Three types of stands characterized by different abundance levels of L. pulmonaria were identified in each site. Ten plots for each type of stand were surveyed in each site. Macrolichens were surveyed on a total of 180 trees. The abundance of L. pulmonaria proved to be a valuable indicator of forest stands hosting nationally rare lichen species and cyanolichens in different forest types and in different bioclimatic conditions. Significant differences in species richness, in the occurrence and abundance of nationally rare lichen species and cyanolichens, and in species composition were found in both sites among stands with different levels of L. pulmonaria. Results are expected to contribute to the development of more lichen-oriented criteria in nature protection policies. 相似文献
148.
Yohei Kirino Anastassios Vourekas Nabil Sayed Flavia de Lima Alves Travis Thomson Paul Lasko Juri Rappsilber Thomas A. Jongens Zissimos Mourelatos 《RNA (New York, N.Y.)》2010,16(1):70-78
Piwi proteins such as Drosophila Aubergine (Aub) and mouse Miwi are essential for germline development and for primordial germ cell (PGC) specification. They bind piRNAs and contain symmetrically dimethylated arginines (sDMAs), catalyzed by dPRMT5. PGC specification in Drosophila requires maternal inheritance of cytoplasmic factors, including Aub, dPRMT5, and Tudor (Tud), that are concentrated in the germ plasm at the posterior end of the oocyte. Here we show that Miwi binds to Tdrd6 and Aub binds to Tudor, in an sDMA-dependent manner, demonstrating that binding of sDMA-modified Piwi proteins with Tudor-domain proteins is an evolutionarily conserved interaction in germ cells. We report that in Drosophila tud1 mutants, the piRNA pathway is intact and most transposons are not de-repressed. However, the localization of Aub in the germ plasm is severely reduced. These findings indicate that germ plasm assembly requires sDMA modification of Aub by dPRMT5, which, in turn, is required for binding to Tudor. Our study also suggests that the function of the piRNA pathway in PGC specification may be independent of its role in transposon control. 相似文献
149.
Takahashi T Higashino A Takagi K Kamanaka Y Abe M Morimoto M Kang KH Goto S Suzuki J Hamada Y Kageyama T 《Journal of medical primatology》2006,35(1):30-37
BACKGROUND: Japanese monkey, Macaca fuscata, is recognized as the monkey species inhabiting the northernmost area in the world, and thus likely to possess unique fat-depositing mechanisms to resist cold weather in winter. We report that obese females are present in the Wakasa group of Japanese monkey reared in an open enclosure of the Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eight of 12 females were categorized as obese, showing percentage body fat of over 22%. The levels of serum leptin (mean +/- SD, 4.9 +/- 2.3 ng/ml) measured in these obese monkeys were significantly higher than those of non-obese peers of the same group (n = 4; 1.2 +/- 0.5 ng/ml) and another Japanese monkey group (Takahama, n = 14; 0.8 +/- 0.25 ng/ml); however, serum levels of adiponectin, insulin, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and fructosamine did not differ between obese and non-obese monkeys. Few serum lipid parameters such as triglyceride and cholesterol showed lower levels in obese monkeys than their non-obese peers. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that these obese monkeys in the Wakasa group have not developed obesity-related diseases/disorders such as diabetes. In the Wakasa group, the frequency of obese individuals was high in some maternal lineages, suggesting that genetic factors responsible for obesity may have been inherited in these lineages. 相似文献
150.