Ethanol fermentation with Kluyveromyces marxianus from Jerusalem artichoke grown in salina and irrigated with a mixture of seawater and freshwater

Aims: To study fuel ethanol fermentation with Kluyveromyces marxianus ATCC8554 from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) grown in salina and irrigated with a mixture of seawater and freshwater. Methods and Results: The growth and ethanol fermentation of K. marxianus ATCC8554 were studied using inulin as substrate. The activity of inulinase, which attributes to the hydrolysis of inulin, the main carbohydrate in Jerusalem artichoke, was monitored. The optimum temperatures were 38°C for growth and inulinase production, and 35°C for ethanol fermentation. Aeration was not necessary for ethanol fermentation with the K. marxianus from inulin. Then, the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tubers grown in salina and irrigated with 25% and 50% seawater were further examined for ethanol fermentation with the K. marxianus, and a higher ethanol yield was achieved for the Jerusalem artichoke tuber irrigated with 25% seawater. Furthermore, the dry meal of the Jerusalem artichoke tubers irrigated with 25% seawater was examined for ethanol fermentation at three solid concentrations of 200, 225 and 250 g l^?1, and the highest ethanol yield of 0·467, or 91·5% of the theoretical value of 0·511, was achieved for the slurry with a solid concentration of 200 g l^?1. Conclusions: Halophilic Jerusalem artichoke can be used for fuel ethanol production. Significance and Impact of the Study: Halophilic Jerusalem artichoke, not competing with grain crops for arable land, is a sustainable feedstock for fuel ethanol production.     

黄色隐球酵母生产辅酶Q10发酵条件的优化

从黄色隐球酵母L3302提取辅酶Q10,经过氮源、碳源、初始pH、发酵温度等的研究分析,得到最佳的发酵条件。通过最优化实验确定培养基:蔗糖和葡萄糖各1.25g/L;酵母膏和玉米浆各0.3g/L;pH值6.5,温度28℃,接种量5%,装液量为50mL/500mL;生长因子以蛋白水解液为优。按此发酵条件上罐发酵,得到菌体生长量为12.8g/L发酵液,辅酶Q10的产量为1.82mg/100mL发酵液。     

人慢性胃炎胃粘膜内胃泌素及其mRNA的表达和意义

目的　探讨慢性胃炎胃粘膜对细胞内胃泌素 (G)及其mRNA的表达和意义。方法　标本均来自活检的胃窦部粘膜组织 ,用免疫细胞化学和原位杂交技术。结果　对照组G细胞及GmRNA阳性细胞数 ,与浅表性胃炎组比较无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而与萎缩性胃炎组比较则有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ,不论对照组还是胃炎组的G细胞数量与GmRNA阳性细胞均有平行关系。结论　证明浅表性和萎缩性胃炎的胃泌素基因的转录和蛋白表达功能保存完好 ,因此检测G细胞的数量及GmRNA不仅可以帮助了解胃炎的萎缩程度 ,而且能判断临床疗效。     

超声检测左心室舒张功能的临床意义——85例超声检测结果与冠状动脉造影的对照分析

目的超声心动图检测左心室舒张功能与冠状动脉造影对照分析,探讨超声诊断的临床意义。方法85例临床疑诊冠心病超声检查左心室二尖瓣口舒张早、晚期血流充盈速度E、A两峰峰值,计算E/A比值,其结果分为舒张功能正常和降低两组。全部病人均与冠状动脉造影结果对照分析。结果超声检测左心室舒张功能与冠脉造影均正常24例,均异常53例,共77例,符合率90.59%,不符合8例,占9.41%;本文依据冠脉造影提出超声检测左心室舒张功能正常值;并发现冠心病早期舒张功能降低,且随年龄与病程长短不同。结论超声检测左心室舒张功能的改变与冠脉造影符合率高,舒张功能于冠心病早期可降低,随病程长短不同,为临床对冠心病诊治和预防提供有价值的信息。     

Unsaponifiable Matter Extraction From Chrysomya megacephala Oil

许多不皂化物成分作为药效成分被应用于恶性肿瘤的临床治疗中,五谷虫不皂化物的提取分离可以充分发挥这种传统中药材的功效.通过单因素实验得到不皂化物酸值较低而产率较高的最佳工艺条件是石油醚添加量为10 mL/g,碱添加过量5％,在60℃的条件下反应15 min,0.5 mol/L的KCl溶液添加量为50 mL/g.通过响应面优化后,得到最佳的不皂化物酸值和提取率分别为70.21 mg KOH/g和58.05％.     

长城北京段风景区植被特征及植物多样性

为了对长城北京段风景区的植被景观恢复重建和生物多样性的保育提供科学依据,探讨旅游开发对风景区生物多样性的影响,对长城北京段八达岭、慕田峪、司马台风景区的植物多样性进行了样方调查。结果表明：八达岭、慕田峪、司马台分别含维管植物459、626、437种,41个群系;植物向菊科、禾本科、豆科等世界性大科集中;八达岭与司马台物种相似性较大,但与慕田峪群系相似性较大。根据海拔、坡度、坡向、坡位因子对群落进行除趋势典范对应分析（DCCA）,发现海拔是决定植物群落类型分布的主要因子,但群落物种多样性与海拔没有明显的关系;用Wilson指数和群落结构变异指数对荆条、油松等常见群落β多样性测度发现,旅游影响降低了风景区内局部地区如海拔420、490、620m等处物种多样性;八达岭、司马台景区内森林群落还处于森林植被恢复演替初期,群落不稳定,应加强封育、抚育。同时,根据长城景区植物多样性、植被及旅游管理现状提出了相关保护建议。     

Development of a fluorescent probe hydrolysis-insulated isothermal PCR for rapid and sensitive on-site detection of African swine fever virus

Highlights
1. A probe-based insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) assay was developed for rapid and onsite detection of ASFV.
2. The developed iiPCR showed similar sensitivity and specificity with OIE recommended real-time PCR.
3. Blood samples could be directly applied as PCR template in iiPCR without DNA extraction.     

GenoBaits Soy40K: a highly flexible and low-cost SNP array for soybean studies

<正>Dear Editor,Soybean(Glycine max [L.] Merr.) provides more than half of the oilseeds and more than a quarter of protein worldwide. It is estimated that the production of soybean has to be doubled by 2050 to meet the needs of the rapidly increasing consumption of soybean seeds along with a continuously increasing population(Ray et al., 2013). As such, development of a genotyping platform with high throughput, high efficiency and high precision but low-cost is urgently needed to accelerate...     

不同水肥一体化方式对苹果氮素吸收利用特性及产量和品质的影响

以‘嘎啦/八棱海棠’为试材,借助¹⁵N同位素示踪技术,研究了撒施(T₁)、滴灌施氮(T₂)和渗灌施氮(T₃)对嘎啦苹果氮素吸收利用、分配特性和产量品质的影响,以期进一步完善苹果园水肥一体化技术,挖掘提高氮素利用率的途径。结果表明: T₃处理苹果叶片的叶面积、叶绿素和氮含量显著高于T₁和T₂处理。各时期土壤矿化氮(N_min)含量在20~40 cm土层表现为T₃＞T₂＞T₁处理,在0~20 cm土层表现为T₂＞T₃＞T₁处理。同一器官的Ndff值(树体各器官从肥料中吸收到的¹⁵N占该器官全氮量的比例)在各时期均以T₃处理最高,T₂其次,T₁处理最低。果实成熟期的树体¹⁵N利用率表现为T₃＞T₂＞T₁处理,其中T₃处理的树体¹⁵N利用率为24.2%,分别是T₂和T₁处理的1.19和1.65倍。果实成熟期T₁处理的¹⁵N分配率在营养器官最高,T₂处理在贮藏器官最高,T₃处理在生殖器官最高。各处理的单果重、产量、可溶性固形物、硬度、可溶性糖及糖酸比均以T₃处理最高,T₂其次,T₁处理最低。渗灌施氮处理显著促进了嘎啦苹果树体叶片生长和氮素利用,并提高了果实产量和品质。     

虾青素复合有氧运动对D-半乳糖诱导大鼠肾脏衰老的干预作用及其机制

目的:研究虾青素复合有氧运动对D-半乳糖诱导大鼠肾脏衰老的干预作用及其机制.方法:60只3月龄SPF级SD大鼠采用两因素两水平2×2析因设计随机分为空白对照组(C组)、急性衰老组(S组)、虾青素+急性衰老组(AS组)、有氧运动+急性衰老组(ES组)、虾青素+有氧运动+急性衰老组(AES组),每组12只.大鼠腹腔注射10...