偶联羟化反应和辅酶再生体系产9α-羟基雄甾-4-烯-3,17-二酮

9α-羟基雄甾-4-烯-3,17-二酮(9-OH-AD)是一种重要的甾体药物中间体,可以用来制备β-甾酮,地塞米松和其他类固醇化合物。3-甾酮9α-羟基化酶(KSH)是由两个亚基即末端氧化亚基(KshA)和铁氧还蛋白还原亚基(KshB)构成的。在本研究中,人工合成了来源于分枝杆菌Mycobacterium sp.Strain VKM Ac-1817D的kshA和kshB基因,通过优化表达载体促进了KshA和KshB在E.coli BL21(DE3)中的可溶性表达,并探究了催化体系中KSH还原亚基和氧化亚基的最适添加比例。此外,KSH转化雄甾-4-烯-3,17-二酮(AD)为9-OH-AD的过程中需要辅酶NADH。本研究构建了羟基化反应与利用葡萄糖脱氢酶(GDH)的NADH辅酶再生反应的偶联体系。为了进一步提高转化效率,本研究进行了转化条件的优化,并采取了分批补料的策略,最终9-OH-AD产量为4.78 g/L,转化率为96.7%。此种酶介导的转化生产9-OH-AD的方法为甾体药物生产提供了一种环境友好和经济实用型的新策略。     

LncRNA GAS6‐AS2 promotes bladder cancer proliferation and metastasis via GAS6‐AS2/miR‐298/CDK9 axis

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proved to play important roles in carcinogenesis and development of numerous cancers, but their biological functions in bladder cancer remain largely unknown. In this study, a novel lncRNA termed GAS6‐AS2 were primary identified, and its roles as well as mechanisms in regulating proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer cells were investigated. Clinically, GAS6‐AS2 was significantly up‐regulated in bladder cancer tissues and positively correlated with tumour stages and poor prognosis. Moreover, expression of GAS6‐AS2 was also increased in bladder cancer cells compared with normal bladder cells. Further investigating the roles of GAS6‐AS2, we found GAS6‐AS2 regulated proliferation and proliferative activity of bladder cancer cells via inducing G1 phase arrest. What's more, we found that GAS6‐AS2 contributed to metastatic abilities of cells. In mechanism, GAS6‐AS2 could function as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) via direct sponging miR‐298, which further regulating the expression of CDK9. Finally, we also proved that GAS6‐AS2 knockdown suppressed tumour growth and metastasis in vivo. In conclusion, our study proved that GAS6‐AS2 could function as a ceRNA and promote the proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer cells, which provided a novel prognostic marker for bladder cancer patients in clinic.