First report of three benthic dinoflagellates,Gambierdiscus pacificus,G. australes and G. caribaeus (Dinophyceae), from Hainan Island,South China Sea

Species of the marine benthic dinoflagellate genus Gambierdiscus are the principal cause of Ciguatera fish poisoning. This genus has been recorded from tropical to temperate oceans, although Gambierdiscus species have rarely been found in Chinese waters. Our work revealed the morphological and genetic characteristics of three potentially toxic Gambierdiscus species observed in the temperate to subtropical waters of China. The fine thecal morphology was determined based on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analyses, and these species were also characterized by sequencing the D1–D3 and D8–D10 regions of the LSU rDNA. The morphological and genetic data indicated that these three Gambierdiscus species were G. pacificus, G. australes and G. caribaeus. This work provides the first report of these species in Chinese waters, which increases the known species distribution of this genus.     

青春型双歧杆菌对肿瘤红细胞免疫花环的促进作用

本文应用青春型双歧杆菌对艾氏腹水瘤小鼠腹腔接种,经用肿瘤红细胞花环作为检测指标,结果实验组与对照组有显著差别(经方差分析F值=5.5 P<0.01)。从这一结果可初步判断双歧杆菌可以经旁路激活补体及促进红细胞的免疫功能,进而达到抗肿瘤作用。     

中国伪瘤姬蜂属二新种记述(膜翅目:姬蜂科)

伪瘤姬蜂属Pseudopimpla Habermehl,1917隶于瘤姬蜂亚科Pimplinae(=长尾姬蜂亚科Ephialtinae)瘤姬蜂族Pimplini,主要特征是产卵管强度侧扁,直或稍向下弯;背瓣端部背缘有锯齿状齿,腹瓣端部扩大,包围背瓣;腹瓣末端有许多近于垂直的小波纹状细脊;产卵管鞘长约为前翅长的0.24～0.30倍。迄今为止,本属尚无寄主记录。但我们最近在河北槲梢螟幼虫和辽宁槲茎蜂幼虫(学名均不知)中育出了一些伪瘤姬蜂。伪瘤姬蜂属是个小属,全世界已知仅3种,1种分布于阿尔及利亚,另2种分布于南欧。本文报道我国2新种:光腰伪瘤姬蜂P.glabri propodeum sp.nov.和全脊伪瘤姬蜂P.carinata sp.nov.。模式标本除注明者外均存于浙江农业大学生物防治研究室。     

Prospect of circular RNA in osteogenesis: A novel orchestrator of signaling pathways

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) were initially regarded as by-products of aberrant splicing. But now, there are substantial evidence on their various roles in the regulation of genes during the development of organs and diseases. Consistent with these breakthroughs, it is experiencing rapid growth that circRNAs function as the important checkpoints during the osteogenesis. Therefore, characterizing the roles of circRNAs is useful and critical to better understanding the process of osteogenic differentiation, which could provide new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of bone diseases, such as bone defects and osteoporosis. In this review, we presented a map of the interaction between circRNAs and the molecules of signaling pathways associated with osteogenesis, summarized the current knowledge of the biological functions of circRNAs during the osteogenic differentiation, figured out the limits of existing research works, and provided a novel look on the diagnostic and therapeutic methods of bone diseases based on circRNAs.     

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists: pyridine as a replacement for a core amide group

In our continuing efforts to identify CGRP receptor antagonists that can be dosed orally for the treatment of migraine headache, we have investigated a pyridine bioisosteric replacement of a polar amide portion of a previous lead compound, BMS-694153. Pyridine derivatives were discovered and their SAR was studied. Some of them showed excellent binding potency. However, oral bioavailability was low, even for compounds with good Caco-2 cell permeability.     

光强对三叶鬼针草生长特征的影响

利用温室盆栽试验,研究了不同光强100%、40%、20%和5%下三叶鬼针草营养生长期和繁殖期的生长特征。结果表明:中度遮荫有利于三叶鬼针草支持结构的生长和营养期的物质积累,重度遮荫下仍能生长良好。在两个生长时期,相对生长速率(RGR)、净同化速率(NAR)均在100%光强下最大,5%光强下最小;总生物量在营养期和繁殖期分别在40%光强和全光照下最大,在3%光强下最小;株高、总叶面积(TLA)、根生物量比(RMR)、根冠比(R/C)、叶生物量比(LMR)、比叶面积(SLA)、叶面积比(LAR)、平均叶面积比(LARm)在3%光强时均大于全光照下的;支持结构生物量比(SBR)在40%光强、20%光强下大于3%光强和全光照处理。这说明三叶鬼针草在形态、生物量分配及生长特性上对光因素具较强的可塑性,这可能是其分布范围广、具有强入侵性的因素之一。