Combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 for effective harvest of endothelial progenitor cells from peripheral blood and in vitro formation of primitive endothelial networks

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) derived from the circulation may be used to enhance neovascularization. Since the combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) and CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 efficiently mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells into peripheral circulation, it may increase the pool of endogenously circulating EPC. We tested this hypothesis by administering GCSF and AMD3100 to adult rabbits and rats, isolating mononuclear cells from peripheral blood by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, and characterizing the blood-derived EPC based on morphology, immunophenotyping, gene expression and other functional analyses. These EPC showed clonal growth similar to that of human umbilical vein endothelial cells when cultured in complete EGM-2 medium on collagen I-precoated culture plates. The EPC exhibited a typical cobblestone-like morphology and were relatively homogeneous by the third passage. The cells expressed the typical endothelial marker CD31 based on flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, formed capillary-like structures when cultured in Matrigel, internalized DiI-acetylated low-density lipoprotein, bound Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1, and expressed CD31 and several other endothelial markers (VEGFR2, VE-cadherin, Tie-2, eNOS, vWF) at significantly higher levels than bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. These results suggest that the combination of GCSF and AMD3100 can efficiently release stem cells into peripheral circulation and generate EPC that show the desired morphological, immunophenotypic and functional characteristics. This minimally invasive approach may be useful for autologous cell transplantation for postnatal neovasculogenesis and tissue repair.     

Stimulation of avermectin B1a biosynthesis in Streptomyces avermilitis by feeding glucose and propionate

The biosynthetic ability of avermectin B1a in Streptomyces avermilitis was improved with propionate addition and glucose feeding. The results showed that B1a production was increased by 12.8–13.8% through supplement of 0.8% propionate at 24 h of cultivation. A stronger stimulation on B1a biosynthesis in S. avermilitis was observed by 3.0% glucose feeding at 5 d of cultivation. The B1a biosynthesis could be further enhanced by repeated glucose fed-batch process in a 10-l bench-top fermentor. A maximal B1a concentration of 780.0 mg/l was obtained by repeated 1.0% glucose addition on 4 d, 5 d and 6 d, which was 2.1-fold higher than that in a control fermentation. Corresponding with this, an additional 6.8% increase of B1a proportion was observed in comparison with the control process. This stimulation on avermectin B1a production was obvious even in a 2000-l fermentor under suitable control of aeration.     

菜缢管蚜、棉铃虫对杀虫混剂及其单剂的抗性遗传力分析

采用阈性状分析法,估算了菜缢管蚜Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)和棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hubuer)对菊马混剂及其单剂、棉铃虫对灭铃威混剂及其单剂的抗性现实遗传力,并对抗性风险和混剂延缓抗性的作用进行了评估。结果表明,菜缢管蚜和棉铃虫对混剂的现实抗性遗传力均明显小于各单剂,依次为：拟除虫菊酯>氨基甲酸酯>有机磷>混剂。混剂的使用寿命大于组成其各个单剂的使用寿命之和,抗性风险依次为：拟除虫菊脂>氨基甲酸酯>有机磷>混剂。菊马混剂对菜缢管蚜和棉铃虫,灭铃威混剂对棉铃虫均有延缓抗性发展的作用。灭铃威对棉铃虫抗性发展的延缓作用最显著。     

转长泥蜂属一新种：膜翅目：泥蜂科

本文记述了采自我国浙江省和安徽省的转长泥蜂属（ＴｒａｃｈｅｌｉｏｄｅｓＭｏｒａｗｉｔｚ）１新种,模式标本分别保存在中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本馆和浙江农业大学昆虫标本室。狭臀转长泥蜂Ｔｒａｃｈｅｌｉｏｄｅｓｐｙｇｉｄｉａｌｉｓ,新种（图１～６）体长７．８ｍｍ～８．１ｍｍ。该新种与Ｔ．ｑｕｉｎｑｕｅｎｏｔａｔｕｓ（Ｊｕｒｉｎｅ）相似,但头和胸部及腹部密生刻点,领片略窄于盾片,足转节无齿突,臀板极狭长以及体色等特征明显有别。正模♀,浙江西天目山,１９９３－Ⅶ－１５,何俊华采。副模１♀,浙江杭州,１９９１－Ⅵ－２８,陈学新采;１♀,浙江西天目山,１９３７－Ⅵ－１,Ｏ．Ｐｉｅｌ采;１♀,安徽宁国,１９３０－Ⅶ－１３,ＹｕｏｗａｎＫｉａｉ采。     

云南小腹茧蜂属一新种记述（膜翅目：茧蜂科，小腹茧蜂亚科）

本记述采自云南昆明的小腹茧蜂属Microgaster Latreille一新种,云南小腹茧蜂Microgaster yunnanensis Xu et He,sp nov．     

常足螯蜂属三新种(膜翅目:螯蜂科)(英文)

本文记述了常足螯蜂属三新种：黄头常足螯蜂 Aphelopus luteoceps sp. nov,黑常足螯蜂 Aphelopusniger sp. nov．和拟白斑常足螯蜂 Aphelopus albopictoides sp.nov.模式标本保存于浙江农业大学植保系。黄头常足螯蜂,正模,陈学新采自浙江西天目山。该种与斑头常足螯峰近似,但从胸部包括并胸腹节的颜色,额线缺否及并胸腹节背面有无横脊加以区别。黑常足螯峰,采自西天目山。该新种与台湾常足螯蜂相似,以小盾片光泽否,并胸腹节后表面有无纵脊及外生殖器的形状相区别。拟白斑常足螯蜂采自西天目山,与白斑常足螯蜂相似,通过头部有无网皱,触角长度及外生殖器等的形状加以鉴别。