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81.
Antonio Rodríguez-Poncelas Xavier Mundet-Tudurí Sonia Miravet-Jiménez Aina Casellas Joan F. Barrot-De la Puente Josep Franch-Nadal Gabriel Coll-de Tuero 《PloS one》2016,11(2)
Purpose
To explore the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a representative population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) patients in Catalonia (Spain).Methods
This was a population-based, cross-sectional study. A total of 28,344 patients diagnosed with DM2 who had recorded ophthalmologic and renal functional examinations were evaluated. Data were obtained from a primary healthcare electronic database of medical records. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration ratio (eGFR) of <60 ml/min/1.73m2 and/or urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g. DR was categorized as non-vision threatening diabetic retinopathy and vision threatening diabetic retinopathy.Results
CKD was associated with a higher rate of DR [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5 (1.4–1.7). When we analyzed the association between different levels of UACR and DR prevalence observed that DR prevalence rose with the increase of UACR levels, and this association was significant from UACR values ≥10 mg/g, and increased considerably with UACR values ≥300mg/g (Odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0 (1.6–2.5). This association was lower in patients with eGFR levels 44 to 30 mL/min/1.73m2 [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3 (1.1–1.6).Conclusions
These results show that CKD, high UACR and/or low eGFR, appear to be associated with DR in this DM2 population. 相似文献82.
Santiago Marfà Josep Marti Adalgiza Reyes Gregori Casals Guillermo Fernández-Varo Silvia Carvajal J.C. García-Valdecasas Josep Fuster Wladimiro Jiménez 《Translational oncology》2016,9(5):445-452
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the developed countries, and nearly 70% of patients with CRC develop colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs). During the last decades, several scores have been proposed to predict recurrence after CRLM resection. However, these risk scoring systems do not accurately reflect the prognosis of these patients. Therefore, this investigation was designed to identify a proteomic profile in human hepatic tumor samples to classify patients with CRLM as “mild” or “severe” based on the 5-year survival. The study was performed on 85 CRLM tumor samples. Firstly, to evaluate any distinct tumor proteomic signatures between mild and severe CRLM patients, a training group of 57 CRLM tumor samples was characterized by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and a classification and regression tree (CART) analysis was subsequently performed. Finally, 28 CRLM tumor samples were used to confirm and validate the results obtained. Based on all the protein peaks detected in the training group, the CART analysis was generated, and four peaks were considered to be the most relevant to construct a diagnostic algorithm. Indeed, the multivariate model yielded a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 86.1%, respectively. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed an excellent diagnostic accuracy to discriminate mild from severe CRLM patients (area under the ROC: 0.903). Finally, the validation process yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 68.8% and 83.3%, respectively. We identified a proteomic profile potentially useful to determine the prognosis of CRLM patients based on the 5-year survival. 相似文献
83.
In prey-predator systems where the interacting individuals are both fliers, the flight performance of both participants heavily influences the probability of success of the predator (the prey is captured) and of the prey (the predator is avoided). While the flight morphology (an estimate of flight performance) of predatory wasps has rarely been addressed as a factor that may contribute to explain prey use, how the flight morphology of potential prey influences the output of predator-prey encounters has not been studied. Here, we hypothesized that flight morphology associated with flight ability (flight muscle mass to body mass ratio (FMR) and body mass to wing area ratio (wing loading, WL)) of Diptera affect their probability of being captured by specialized Diptera-hunting wasps (Bembix merceti and B. zonata), predicting a better manoeuvrability and acceleration capacity achieved by higher FMR and lower WL, and flight speed achieved by higher WL. In addition, wasp species with better flight morphology should be less limited by an advantageous Diptera flight morphology. Overall, the abundance of dipterans in the environment explained an important part of the observed variance in prey capture rate. However, it was not the only factor shaping prey capture. First, higher prey abundance was associated with greater capture rate for one species (B. merceti), although not for the other one. Second, the interaction observed between the environmental dipteran availability and dipteran WL for B. zonata suggests that greater dipteran WL (this probably meaning high cruising speed) decreased the probability of being captured, as long as fly abundance was high in the environment. Third, greater dipteran FMR (which likely means high manoeuvrability and acceleration capacity) helped to reduce predation by B. merceti if, again, dipterans were abundant in the environment. Wasp WL only varied with body mass but not between species, thereby hardly accounting for inter-specific differences in the wasps’ predatory patterns. However, the greater FMR of B. zonata, which implies better flight performance and greater load-lifting capacity, may explain why the capture rate in the two wasp species is affected by different factor interactions. In conclusion, although prey availability remains the primary factor shaping prey use, prey flight morphology seems to gain an additional role under conditions of abundant prey, when wasps can avoid flies with better flight ability. 相似文献
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86.
Joan Llusia Shani Roahtyn Dan Yakir Eyal Rotenberg Roger Seco Alex Guenther Josep Peñuelas 《Trees - Structure and Function》2016,30(3):749-759
Key message
Warmer summer conditions result in increased terpene emissions except under severe drought, in which case they strongly decrease.Abstract
Water stress results in a reduction of the metabolism of plants and in a reorganization of their use of resources geared to survival. In the Mediterranean region, periods of drought accompanied by high temperatures and high irradiance occur in summer. Plants have developed various mechanisms to survive in these conditions by resisting, tolerating or preventing stress. We used three typical Mediterranean tree species in Israel, Pinus halepensis L., Quercus calliprinos and Quercus ithaburensis Webb, as models for studying some of these adaptive mechanisms. We measured their photosynthetic rates (A), stomatal conductance (g s), and terpene emission rates during spring and summer in a geophysical gradient from extremely dry to mesic from Yatir (south, arid) to Birya (north, moist) with intermediate conditions in Solelim. A and g s of P. halepensis were threefold higher in Birya than in Yatir where they remained very low both seasons. Quercus species presented 2–3-fold higher A and g s but with much more variability between seasons, especially for Q. ithaburensis with A and g s that decreased 10–30-fold from spring to summer. Terpene emission rates for pine were not different regionally in spring but they were 5–8-fold higher in Birya than in Yatir in summer (P < 0.05). Higher emissions were also observed in Solelim for the drought resistant Q. ithaburensis (P < 0.001) but not for Q. calliprinos. α-Pinene followed by limonene and 3-carene were the dominant terpenes. Warmer summer conditions result in increased Terpene emission rates except under severe drought, in which case they strongly decrease.87.
Marcos Fernández-Martínez Sara Vicca Ivan A. Janssens Matteo Campioli Josep Peñuelas 《Trees - Structure and Function》2016,30(3):775-783
Key message
Once the effect of stand age has been taken into account, nutrient availability and climate play a crucial role in determining the B:NPPs of woody and non-woody tissues.Abstract
Forest ecosystems accumulate large amounts of carbon in living tissues. The residence time of this carbon in the ecosystem depends largely on the turnover time of these tissues, which can be estimated as a surrogate of the ratio of biomass to net primary production (B:NPP). We used a global forest database of 310 sites containing data for biomass stocks and NPP to investigate the differences of B:NPPs among species and forest compartments and to determine B:NPPs main exogenous (mainly climate and nutrient availability) and endogenous (leaf habit and stand age) drivers. We used asymptotic exponential functions to adjust the B:NPPs of woody compartments to a theoretical stationary state to allow comparisons between forests of different ages. The B:NPPs of woody tissues (branches, stems, and coarse roots) were positively influenced by stand age, conversely to fine roots and leaves, which were weakly dependent on the age of the forest. The B:NPPs of woody tissues were positively correlated with nutrient availability, whereas fine-root B:NPPs decreased with increasing nutrient availability. The foliar B:NPP of evergreen forests was positively correlated with water deficit, and the fine-root B:NPP was correlated positively with the seasonality of precipitation and with annual thermal amplitude but negatively with water deficit. Our results support the influence of climate on the B:NPPs of non-woody compartments and identify nutrient availability as the main influence on the B:NPPs of woody tissues.88.
89.
Mariona Guitart‐Mampel Diana L. Juarez‐Flores Lina Youssef Constanza Moren Laura Garcia‐Otero Vicente Roca‐Agujetas Marc Catalan‐Garcia Ingrid Gonzalez‐Casacuberta Ester Tobias Jos C. Milisenda Josep M. Grau Ftima Crispi Eduard Gratacos Francesc Cardellach Glria Garrabou 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2019,23(6):3962-3973
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an obstetric complication characterised by placental insufficiency and secondary cardiovascular remodelling that can lead to cardiomyopathy in adulthood. Despite its aetiology and potential therapeutics are poorly understood, bioenergetic deficits have been demonstrated in adverse foetal and cardiac development. We aimed to evaluate the role of mitochondria in human pregnancies with IUGR. In a single‐site, cross‐sectional and observational study, we included placenta and maternal peripheral and neonatal cord blood mononuclear cells (PBMC and CBMC) from 14 IUGR and 22 control pregnancies. The following mitochondrial measurements were assessed: enzymatic activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes I, II, IV, I + III and II + III, oxygen consumption (cell and complex I‐stimulated respiration), mitochondrial content (citrate synthase [CS] activity and mitochondrial DNA copy number), total ATP levels and lipid peroxidation. Sirtuin3 expression was evaluated as a potential regulator of bioenergetic imbalance. Intrauterine growth restriction placental tissue showed a significant decrease of MRC CI enzymatic activity (P < 0.05) and CI‐stimulated oxygen consumption (P < 0.05) accompanied by a significant increase of Sirtuin3/β‐actin protein levels (P < 0.05). Maternal PBMC and neonatal CBMC from IUGR patients presented a not significant decrease in oxygen consumption (cell and CI‐stimulated respiration) and MRC enzymatic activities (CII and CIV). Moreover, CS activity was significantly reduced in IUGR new‐borns (P < 0.05). Total ATP levels and lipid peroxidation were preserved in all the studied tissues. Altered mitochondrial function of IUGR is especially present at placental and neonatal level, conveying potential targets to modulate obstetric outcome through dietary interventions aimed to regulate Sirtuin3 function. 相似文献
90.