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11.
Paulo FP Pimenta Alessandra S Orfano Ana C Bahia Ana PM Duarte Claudia M Ríos-Velásquez Fabrício F Melo Felipe AC Pessoa Giselle A Oliveira Keillen MM Campos Luis Martínez Villegas Nilton Barnabé Rodrigues Rafael Nacif-Pimenta Rejane C Sim?es Wuelton M Monteiro Rogerio Amino Yara M Traub-Cseko José BP Lima Maria GV Barbosa Marcus VG Lacerda Wanderli P Tadei Nágila FC Secundino 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(1):23-47
In the Americas, areas with a high risk of malaria transmission are mainly located in
the Amazon Forest, which extends across nine countries. One keystone step to
understanding the Plasmodium life cycle in Anopheles species from the Amazon Region
is to obtain experimentally infected mosquito vectors. Several attempts to colonise
Ano- pheles species have been conducted, but with only short-lived success or no
success at all. In this review, we review the literature on malaria transmission from
the perspective of its Amazon vectors. Currently, it is possible to develop
experimental Plasmodium vivax infection of the colonised and field-captured vectors
in laboratories located close to Amazonian endemic areas. We are also reviewing
studies related to the immune response to P. vivax infection of Anopheles aquasalis,
a coastal mosquito species. Finally, we discuss the importance of the modulation of
Plasmodium infection by the vector microbiota and also consider the anopheline
genomes. The establishment of experimental mosquito infections with Plasmodium
falciparum, Plasmodium yoelii and Plasmodium berghei parasites that could provide
interesting models for studying malaria in the Amazonian scenario is important.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of the parasites
in New World vectors is crucial in order to better determine the interaction process
and vectorial competence. 相似文献
12.
Lina De Smet Jorgen Ravoet Joachim R. de Miranda Tom Wenseleers Matthias Y. Mueller Robin F. A. Moritz Dirk C. de Graaf 《PloS one》2012,7(10)
The long-term decline of managed honeybee hives in the world has drawn significant attention to the scientific community and bee-keeping industry. A high pathogen load is believed to play a crucial role in this phenomenon, with the bee viruses being key players. Most of the currently characterized honeybee viruses (around twenty) are positive stranded RNA viruses. Techniques based on RNA signatures are widely used to determine the viral load in honeybee colonies. High throughput screening for viral loads necessitates the development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction approach in which different viruses can be targeted simultaneously. A new multiparameter assay, called “BeeDoctor”, was developed based on multiplex-ligation probe dependent amplification (MLPA) technology. This assay detects 10 honeybee viruses in one reaction. “BeeDoctor” is also able to screen selectively for either the positive strand of the targeted RNA bee viruses or the negative strand, which is indicative for active viral replication. Due to its sensitivity and specificity, the MLPA assay is a useful tool for rapid diagnosis, pathogen characterization, and epidemiology of viruses in honeybee populations. “BeeDoctor” was used for screening 363 samples from apiaries located throughout Flanders; the northern half of Belgium. Using the “BeeDoctor”, virus infections were detected in almost eighty percent of the colonies, with deformed wing virus by far the most frequently detected virus and multiple virus infections were found in 26 percent of the colonies. 相似文献
13.
14.
Marie Helleberg Bamenla Q Goka Bartholomew D Akanmori George Obeng-Adjei Onike Rodriques Jorgen AL Kurtzhals 《Malaria journal》2005,4(1):1-7
In sub-Saharan Africa the highest overlap between malaria and HIV infections occurs in female adolescents. Yet control activities for these infections are directed to different target groups, using disparate channels. This reflects the lack of priority given to adolescents and the absence of an accepted framework for delivering health and health-related interventions to this high-risk group. In this paper it is argued that female adolescents require a continuum of care for malaria and HIV – prior to conception, during and after pregnancy and that this should be provided through adolescent services. The evidence for this conclusion is presented. A number of African countries are commencing to formulate and implement adolescent-friendly policies and services and disease control programs for malaria and HIV will need to locate their interventions within such programs to ensure widespread coverage of this important target group. Failure to prioritize adolescent health in this way will seriously limit the success of disease control programs for malaria and HIV prevention. 相似文献
15.
Halina Miller-Podraza Jorgen Bergstrom Maan Abul Milh Karl-Anders Karlsson 《Glycoconjugate journal》1997,14(4):467-471
Helicobacter pylori expresses separate binding characteristics depending on growth conditions, as documented by binding to
human erythrocyte glycoconjugates. Cells grown in Ham's F12 liquid medium exhibited a selective sialic acid-dependent binding
to polyglycosylceramides, PGCs (Miller-Podraza et al. (1996) Glycoconjugate J 13:453–60). There was no binding to traditional
sialylated glycoconjugates like shorter-chain gangliosides, glycophorin or fetuin. However, cells grown on Brucella agar bound
both to PGCs and other sialylated glycoconjugates. Fetuin was an effective inhibitor of haemagglutination caused by agar-grown
cells, but had no or a very weak inhibitory effect on haemagglutination by F12-grown bacteria. PGCs were strong inhibitors
in both cases, while asialofetuin was completely ineffective. The results indicate that H. pylori is able to express two separate
sialic acid-dependent specificities, one represented by binding to fetuin, as described before, and another represented by
a selective binding to PGCs. Abbreviations: PGCs, polyglycosylceramides; TLC, thin-layer chromatography; SDS PAGE, sodium
dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; BSA, bovine serum albumin; C, chloroform; M, methanol. The carbohydrate
and glycosphingolipid nomenclatures are according to recommendations of IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (Lipids
(1977) 12:455–68; J Biol Chem (1982) 257:3347–51 and J Biol Chem (1987) 262:13–18).
This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
Extracellular-regulated protein kinase cascades are activated in response to injury in human skeletal muscle 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
17.
Astrid Kehlen Jorgen Olsen Jürgen Langner Dagmar Riemann 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2001,80(1):115-123
Aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 is a transmembrane ectoenzyme expressed on a wide variety of cells. With respect to haematopoietic cells, APN/CD13 has been considered specific for the myeloid lineage, because granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages, but not lymphocytes of peripheral blood, show a surface expression of CD13 antigen. However, we could recently show that cell‐cell contact of lymphocytes with endothelial cells, monocytes, and fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (SFCs) results in an increase of steady‐state APN/CD13 mRNA and a rapid expression of cell‐surface protein on the lymphocytes. In this study using the Dual‐Luciferase reporter assay, we demonstrate that interaction of the T‐cell line Jurkat with SFCs results in a higher activity of the APN/CD13 myeloid promoter in T cells. An enhancer located between the myeloid and epithelial APN/CD13 promoter increases the response of the promoter to the cell‐cell contact‐induced expression of APN/CD13 in lymphocytes. Adhesion of lymphocytes to extracellular matrix did not result in increased promoter activity. The lymphocytic promoter response induced by direct cell‐cell contact with SFCs is not affected by mutations of a proximal promoter element (nucleotides −48 to −35), which has a possible functional role in the basal APN/CD13 gene expression in lymphocytes. Upregulated peptidase‐promoter activity via cell‐cell contact shown in this study for the first time is discussed as a general mechanism in peptidase induction. J. Cell. Biochem. 80:115–123, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
18.
Piotr Kuklinski Bjørn Gulliksen Ole Jorgen Lønne Jan Marcin Weslawski 《Polar Biology》2005,28(8):619-630
Svalbard bryozoan communities were investigated along a depth range from the surface to 296 m between the inner glacial fronts and fjord mouths during 2001 and 2002. The main study area was Kongsfjorden (79°N, 12°E). A total of 137 taxa of bryozoans were identified: 108 to species, 24 to genus, 3 to family, 1 to order and 1 to phylum level. Cluster and multidimensional scaling analyses revealed four distinct assemblages of bryozoans: shallow (0–40 m; 68 taxa), deep (40–296 m; 80 taxa), inner fjordic (three taxa) and an assemblage found on small stones in shallow waters (nine taxa). The inner fjordic assemblage was recorded from the front of tidal glaciers extending about 10 km out into the fjord. In terms of abundance, Celleporella hyalina Linnaeus dominated in shallow areas (18%), Hippothoa arctica Kluge (55%) in deep water, Alcyonidium disciforme Smitt (86%) proximate to glaciers fronts and Electra arctica Borg on small stones (98%). The species were classified according to their depth range as a stenobathic-shallow (46 taxa), stenobathic-deep (57 taxa) and eurybathic-generalist (21 taxa). Mean diversity measures did not show any significant differences between the shallow and deep communities. The bryozoan assemblages seem to be structured primarily by processes related to depth and sediment characteristics. 相似文献
19.
Leon Poller Michelle Keown Nikhil Chauhan Anton MHP van den Besselaar Armando Tripodi Caroline Shiach Jorgen Jespersen 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》2003,327(7405):30
Objective To find out how accurately two point of care test
systems—CoaguChek Mini and TAS PT-NC (RapidPointCoag)—display
international normalised ratios (INRs).Design Comparison of the INRs from the two systems with a
“true” INR on a conventional manual test from the same sample of
blood.Setting 10 European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation centres.Participants 600 patients on long term dosage of warfarin.Main outcome measures Comparable results between the different
methods.Results The mean displayed INR differed by 21.3% between the two
point of care test monitoring systems. The INR on one system was 15.2% higher,
on average, than the true INR, but on the other system the INR was 7.1% lower.
The percentage difference between the mean displayed INR and the true INR at
individual centres varied considerably with both systems.Conclusions Improved international sensitivity index calibration of
point of care test monitors by their manufacturers is needed, and better
methods of quality control of individual instruments by their users are also
needed. 相似文献
20.
Fischetti C Rizzi A Gavioli EC Marzola G Trapella C Guerrini R Petersen JS Calo G 《Peptides》2009,30(2):248-255
ZP120 is a nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) peptide receptor (NOP) ligand. In previous studies, the effects of ZP120 were found to be sensitive to J-113397 in mouse tissues while resistant to UFP-101 in rat tissues. The aim of this study was to further investigate the ZP120 pharmacological profile using mouse and rat preparations, J-113397 and UFP-101, as well as NOP receptor knockout (NOP(-/-)) mice. Electrically stimulated mouse and rat vas deferens were used to characterize the pharmacology of ZP120 in vitro. For in vivo studies the tail-withdrawal assay was performed in wild type (NOP(+/+)) and NOP knockout (NOP(-/-)) mice. In the mouse and rat vas deferens ZP120 mimicked the effects of N/OFQ showing higher potency but lower maximal effects. In both preparations, J-113397 antagonized N/OFQ and ZP120 effects showing similar pK(B) values ( approximately 7.8). UFP-101 antagonized the actions of N/OFQ (pK(B) values approximately 7.3) but did not modify the effects of ZP120. The inhibitory effects of N/OFQ and ZP120 were no longer evident in vas deferens tissues taken from NOP(-/-) mice. In NOP(+/+) mice subjected to the tail-withdrawal assay, ZP120 (1 nmol) mimicked the pronociceptive action of N/OFQ (10 nmol), producing longer lasting effects. The effects of both peptides were absent in NOP(-/-) animals. The NOP receptor ligand ZP120 is a high potency NOP selective partial agonist able to evoke long-lasting effects; its diverse antagonist sensitivity in comparison with N/OFQ may derive from different modality of binding to the NOP receptor. 相似文献