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61.
The presence of Cirsotrema (s.s.) pumiceum (BROCCHI) and Chlamys (Manupecten) pesfelis (LINNE) in the section of Camping Francás (Province of Tarragona, Spain) suggests that the age of the deposits be changed from the upper Miocene (Tortonian) to the Pliocene. The change is of particular significance as the site is one of the classic localities of Pectinidae of the Neogene in North East Spain, and is type locality of Pecten (Flabellipecten) constisulcatus ALMERA & BOFILL. 相似文献
62.
Héctor F. Terenzi João A. Jorge José E. Roselino Renato H. Migliorini 《Archives of microbiology》1979,123(3):251-258
The inability to synthesize cyclic AMP drastically affects the nutritional metabolism of Neurospora crassa. The adenylyl cyclase-less mutant cr-1 (crisp) did not utilize several carbon sources, including glycerol, mannitol, arabinose, and casaminoacids. However, in glucose or acetate it grew as well as the wild type. The following evidence suggested that these nutritional deficiencies were a direct result of the cr-1 mutation: (i), in crosses to wild type they segregated together with the crisp morphological marker; (ii), cyclic AMP added to the cr-1 mutant growth medium overcame the nutritional deficiencies; (iii), the cyclic AMP effect was specific for the crisp mutant, for it was not observed with the wild type, nor with a spontaneous glycerol-utilizing cr-1 strain. 相似文献
63.
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65.
Carolina Gabriela Ocampo Jorge Fabricio Lareu Vanesa Soledad Marin Viegas Silvina Mangano Andreas Loos Herta Steinkellner Silvana Petruccelli 《Plant biotechnology journal》2016,14(12):2265-2275
Plant‐based platforms are extensively used for the expression of recombinant proteins, including monoclonal antibodies. However, to harness the approach effectively and leverage it to its full potential, a better understanding of intracellular processes that affect protein properties is required. In this work, we examined vacuolar (vac) targeting and deposition of the monoclonal antibody (Ab) 14D9 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Two distinct vacuolar targeting signals (KISIA and NIFRGF) were C‐terminal fused to the heavy chain of 14D9 (vac‐Abs) and compared with secreted and ER‐retained variants (sec‐Ab, ER‐Ab, respectively). Accumulation of ER‐ and vac‐Abs was 10‐ to 15‐fold higher than sec‐Ab. N‐glycan profiling revealed the predominant presence of plant typical complex fucosylated and xylosylated GnGnXF structures on sec‐Ab while vac‐Abs carried mainly oligomannosidic (Man 7‐9) next to GnGnXF forms. Paucimannosidic glycans (commonly assigned as typical vacuolar) were not detected. Confocal microscopy analysis using RFP fusions showed that sec‐Ab‐RFP localized in the apoplast while vac‐Abs‐RFP were exclusively detected in the central vacuole. The data suggest that vac‐Abs reached the vacuole by two different pathways: direct transport from the ER bypassing the Golgi (Ab molecules containing Man structures) and trafficking through the Golgi (for Ab molecules containing complex N‐glycans). Importantly, vac‐Abs were correctly assembled and functionally active. Collectively, we show that the central vacuole is an appropriate compartment for the efficient production of Abs with appropriate post‐translational modifications, but also point to a reconsideration of current concepts in plant glycan processing. 相似文献
66.
Nuno Jorge Lamas Bethany Johnson-Kerner Laurent Roybon Yoon A. Kim Alejandro Garcia-Diaz Hynek Wichterle Christopher E. Henderson 《PloS one》2014,9(10)
Human motor neurons derived from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (hESCs and hiPSCs) are a potentially important tool for studying motor neuron survival and pathological cell death. However, their basic survival requirements remain poorly characterized. Here, we sought to optimize a robust survival assay and characterize their response to different neurotrophic factors. First, to increase motor neuron yield, we screened a small-molecule collection and found that the Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 enhances motor neuron progenitor proliferation up to 4-fold in hESC and hiPSC cultures. Next, we FACS-purified motor neurons expressing the Hb9::GFP reporter from Y-27632-amplified embryoid bodies and cultured them in the presence of mitotic inhibitors to eliminate dividing progenitors. Survival of these purified motor neurons in the absence of any other cell type was strongly dependent on neurotrophic support. GDNF, BDNF and CNTF all showed potent survival effects (EC50 1–2 pM). The number of surviving motor neurons was further enhanced in the presence of forskolin and IBMX, agents that increase endogenous cAMP levels. As a demonstration of the ability of the assay to detect novel neurotrophic agents, Y-27632 itself was found to support human motor neuron survival. Thus, purified human stem cell-derived motor neurons show survival requirements similar to those of primary rodent motor neurons and can be used for rigorous cell-based screening. 相似文献
67.
Several non-indigenous bivalve species have been colonising aquatic ecosystems worldwide, in some cases with great ecological
and economic impacts. In this paper, we focus on the ecosystem engineering attributes of non-indigenous invasive bivalves
(i.e., the capacities of these organisms to directly or indirectly affect the availability of resources to other species by
physically modifying the environment). By reviewing the ecology of several invasive bivalves we identify a variety of mechanisms
via which they modify, maintain and/or create habitats. Given the usually high densities and broad spatial distributions of
such bivalves, their engineering activities can significantly alter ecosystem structure and functioning (e.g., changes in
sediment chemistry, grain size, and organic matter content via bioturbation, increased light penetration into the water column
due to filter feeding, changes in near bed flows and shear stress due to the presence of shells, provision of colonisable
substrate and refuges by shells). In addition, changes in ecosystem structure and functioning due to engineering by invasive
bivalves often have very large economic impacts. Given the worldwide spread of non-indigenous bivalves and the varied ways
in which they physically modify habitats, their engineering effects should receive more serious consideration in restoration
and management initiatives. 相似文献
68.
Bone marrow stromal cells produce nerve growth factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
García R Aguiar J Alberti E de la Cuétara K Pavón N 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2004,316(3):753-754
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) have attracted interest through their possible use for cell therapy in neurological diseases. Recent reports demonstrated that these cells are able to migrate and have potential for neuronal differentiation after transplantation into brain parenchyma. The objective of this work was determine whether rat BMSC express NGF and GDNF, in order to study its potential application for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. BMSC were harvested from male rats and cultured in DMEM supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum. At passage 6 the total RNA was isolated using TriZol reactive. RT-PCRs to evaluate the expression of NGF and GDNF using specific primers were carried out. Our results indicate that rat BMSC have potential to produce NGF and GDNF. We have not found any report in favor of GDNF or NGF production from rat BMSC. 相似文献
69.
Hernández-Montiel HL Meléndez-Herrera E Cepeda-Nieto AC Mejía-Viggiano C Larriva-Sahd J Guthrie S Varela-Echavarría A 《Developmental biology》2003,255(1):99-112
We have addressed the control of longitudinal axon pathfinding in the developing hindbrain, including the caudal projections of reticular and raphe neurons. To test potential sources of guidance signals, we assessed axon outgrowth from embryonic rat hindbrain explants cultured in collagen gels at a distance from explants of midbrain-hindbrain boundary (isthmus), caudal hindbrain, or cervical spinal cord. Our results showed that the isthmus inhibited caudally directed axon outgrowth by 80% relative to controls, whereas rostrally directed axon outgrowth was unaffected. Moreover, caudal hindbrain or cervical spinal cord explants did not inhibit caudal axons. Immunohistochemistry for reticular and raphe neuronal markers indicated that the caudal, but not the rostral projections of these neuronal subpopulations were inhibited by isthmic explants. Companion studies in chick embryos showed that, when the hindbrain was surgically separated from the isthmus, caudal reticulospinal axon projections failed to form and that descending pioneer axons of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) play an important role in the caudal reticulospinal projection. Taken together, these results suggest that diffusible chemorepellent or nonpermissive signals from the isthmus and substrate-anchored signals on the pioneer MLF axons are involved in the caudal direction of reticulospinal projections and might influence other longitudinal axon projections in the brainstem. 相似文献
70.
Biochar’s effect on crop productivity and the dependence on experimental conditions—a meta-analysis of literature data 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
Xiaoyu Liu Afeng Zhang Chunying Ji Stephen Joseph Rongjun Bian Lianqing Li Genxing Pan Jorge Paz-Ferreiro 《Plant and Soil》2013,373(1-2):583-594