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101.
102.
Ali Mobasheri Rebecca Lewis Judith E.J. Maxwell Claire Hill Matthew Womack Richard Barrett‐Jolley 《Journal of cellular physiology》2010,223(2):511-518
Chondrocytes possess the capacity to transduce load‐induced mechanical stimuli into electrochemical signals. The aim of this study was to functionally characterize an ion channel activated in response to membrane stretch in isolated primary equine chondrocytes. We used patch‐clamp electrophysiology to functionally characterize this channel and immunohistochemistry to examine its distribution in articular cartilage. In cell‐attached patch experiments, the application of negative pressures to the patch pipette (in the range of 20–200 mmHg) activated ion channel currents in six of seven patches. The mean activated current was 45.9 ± 1.1 pA (n = 4) at a membrane potential of 33 mV (cell surface area approximately 240 µm2). The mean slope conductance of the principal single channels resolved within the total stretch‐activated current was 118 ± 19 pS (n = 6), and reversed near the theoretical potassium equilibrium potential, EK+, suggesting it was a high‐conductance potassium channel. Activation of these high‐conductance potassium channels was inhibited by extracellular TEA (Kd approx. 900 µM) and iberiotoxin (Kd approx. 40 nM). This suggests that the current was largely carried by BK‐like potassium (MaxiK) channels. To further characterize these BK‐like channels, we used inside‐out patches of chondrocyte membrane: we found these channels to be activated by elevation in bath calcium concentration. Immunohistochemical staining of equine cartilage samples with polyclonal antibodies to the α1‐ and β1‐subunits of the BK channel revealed positive immunoreactivity for both subunits in superficial zone chondrocytes. These experiments support the hypothesis that functional BK channels are present in chondrocytes and may be involved in mechanotransduction and chemotransduction. J. Cell. Physiol. 223: 511–518, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
103.
Scobie HM Wigelsworth DJ Marlett JM Thomas D Rainey GJ Lacy DB Manchester M Collier RJ Young JA 《PLoS pathogens》2006,2(10):e111
Anthrax toxin receptors 1 and 2 (ANTXR1 and ANTXR2) have a related integrin-like inserted (I) domain which interacts with a metal cation that is coordinated by residue D683 of the protective antigen (PA) subunit of anthrax toxin. The receptor-bound metal ion and PA residue D683 are critical for ANTXR1-PA binding. Since PA can bind to ANTXR2 with reduced affinity in the absence of metal ions, we reasoned that D683 mutant forms of PA might specifically interact with ANTXR2. We show here that this is the case. The differential ability of ANTXR1 and ANTXR2 to bind D683 mutant PA proteins was mapped to nonconserved receptor residues at the binding interface with PA domain 2. Moreover, a D683K mutant form of PA that bound specifically to human and rat ANTXR2 mediated killing of rats by anthrax lethal toxin, providing strong evidence for the physiological importance of ANTXR2 in anthrax disease pathogenesis. 相似文献
104.
The Tissue Acquisition Unit at Peterborough has an established service for collecting cadaveric human tissue for research.
A one-year, on-going, in-house review was undertaken to evaluate the cost- and time-effectiveness of the service. The review
identified referrals that failed to result in post mortem tissue retrieval. Only 28.6% of potential donors referred to the
Unit led to successful tissue retrieval and the main reason for failure was post mortem time delay in some cases related to
distance of location of the body from the Unit. The evolving novel role of the Pathology Liaison Nurses in the Unit is expected
to increase the proportion of tissue acquisition from the local population and provide a more efficient service for donors
and their families and researchers who use human tissue.
This work was presented at the BATB Annual Scientific meeting in Edinburgh, April 2004. 相似文献
105.
106.
107.
Orr S Alexandre E Clark B Combes R Fels LM Gray N Jönsson-Rylander AC Helin H Koistinen J Oinonen T Richert L Ravid R Salonen J Teesalu T Thasler W Trafford J Van Der Valk J Von Versen R Weiss T Womack C Ylikomi T 《Cell and tissue banking》2002,3(2):133-137
This is a report of a workshop held on the establishment of human research tissue banking which was held in Levi, Finland
21–24 March 2002.There were 21 participants from 7 European countries. This meeting was attended by representatives from academia,
research tissue banks and from the Biotech and Pharmaceutical Industries. The principal aim of the workshop was to find a
way to progress the recommendations from ECVAM workshop 44 (ATLA 29, 125–134,2001) and ECVAM workshop 32 (ATLA 26, 763–777,
1998). The workshop represented the first unofficial meeting of the European Network of Research Tissue Banks (ENRTB) steering
group. It is expected that in the period preceding the next workshop the ENRTB steering group will co-ordinate the ethical,legislative
and organisational aspects of research tissue banking. Key issues dealt with by the Levi workshop included the practical aspects
of sharing expertise and experiences across the different European members. Such collaboration between research tissue banks
and end users of such material seeks to ultimately enable shared access to human tissue for medical and pharmaco-toxicological
research while maintaining strict adherence to differences in legal and ethical aspects related to the use of human tissue
in individual countries.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
108.
Womack C 《Cell and tissue banking》2002,3(3):203-209
Demand for an ethical supply of human tissue for research in the commercial biomedical sector is increasing substantially.
This article sets out to review ethical issues specifically relating to acquisition of tissue from patients in a publicly
funded national health service (NHS), for research use in a commercial setting. Some of the background to recent high profile
Inquiries in England is discussed and is used to illustrate legal and ethical differences between living and dead people.
Issues relating to patient consent are investigated and the case is made for a clear distinction between tissue acquisition
and tissue processing. Future possibilities for regulation are discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
109.
The understanding of vertebrate development has advanced considerably in recent years, primarily due to the study of a few model organisms. The zebrafish, the newest of these models, has risen to prominence because both genetic and experimental embryological methods can be easily applied to this animal. The combination of approaches has proven powerful, yielding insights into the formation and function of individual tissues, organ systems and neural networks, and into human disease mechanisms. Here, we provide a personal perspective on the history of zebrafish research, from the assembly of the first genetic and embryological tools through to sequencing of the genome. 相似文献
110.