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91.
Alisi C Lasinio GJ Dalmastri C Sprocati A Tabacchioni S Bevivino A Chiarini L 《Microbial ecology》2005,50(3):385-395
Burkholderia cenocepacia, Burkholderia ambifaria, and Burkholderia pyrrocinia are the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) species most frequently associated with roots of crop plants. To investigate the ecophysiological diversity
of these species, metabolic profiling of maize rhizosphere isolates was carried out by means of the Biolog system, using GN2
and SFN2 plates and different parameters related to optical density (OD). The metabolic profiles produced by the SFN2 and
GN2 plates were identical, but the SFN2's narrower range of OD values and significantly longer reaction times made these plates
less suitable for differentiation of isolates. Principal component analysis of maximum OD (ODM) and maximum substrate oxidation rate (μM) data generated by GN2 plates allowed the selection of a reduced number of carbon sources. Statistical analysis of ODM values highlighted marked differences between the metabolic profiles of B. cenocepacia and B. ambifaria, whereas metabolic profiles of B. pyrrocinia clustered very often with those of B. cenocepacia. Analysis of the μM parameter resulted in a slightly lower differentiation among the three Bcc species and a higher metabolic diversity within
the single species, in particular within B. cenocepacia. Finally, B. cenocepacia and B. pyrrocinia showed generally higher oxidation rates than B. ambifaria on those GN2 substrates that commonly occur in maize root exudates. 相似文献
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93.
Reynisdottir I Thorleifsson G Benediktsson R Sigurdsson G Emilsson V Einarsdottir AS Hjorleifsdottir EE Orlygsdottir GT Bjornsdottir GT Saemundsdottir J Halldorsson S Hrafnkelsdottir S Sigurjonsdottir SB Steinsdottir S Martin M Kochan JP Rhees BK Grant SF Frigge ML Kong A Gudnason V Stefansson K Gulcher JR 《American journal of human genetics》2003,73(2):323-335
We report a genomewide linkage study of type 2 diabetes (T2D [MIM 125853]) in the Icelandic population. A list of type 2 diabetics was cross-matched with a computerized genealogical database clustering 763 type 2 diabetics into 227 families. The diabetic patients and their relatives were genotyped with 906 microsatellite markers. A nonparametric multipoint linkage analysis yielded linkage to 5q34-q35.2 (LOD = 2.90, P=1.29 x 10(-4)) in all diabetics. Since obesity, here defined as body mass index (BMI) > or =30 kg/m(2), is a key risk factor for the development of T2D, we studied the data either independently of BMI or by stratifying the patient group as obese (BMI > or =30) or nonobese (BMI <30). A nonparametric multipoint linkage analysis yielded linkage to 5q34-q35.2 (LOD = 3.64, P=2.12 x (10)-5) in the nonobese diabetics. No linkage was observed in this region for the obese diabetics. Linkage analysis conditioning on maternal transmission to the nonobese diabetics resulted in a LOD score of 3.48 (P=3.12 x 10(-5)) in the same region, whereas conditioning on paternal transmission led to a substantial drop in the LOD score. Finally, we observed potential interactions between the 5q locus and two T2D susceptibility loci, previously mapped in other populations. 相似文献
94.
A high affinity molecular interaction is demonstrated between calsequestrin and the sarcoplasmic reticular Ca(2+) release channel/ryanodine receptor (RyR) by surface plasmon resonance. K(D) values of 92 nM and 102 nM for the phosphorylated and dephosphorylated calsequestrin have been determined, respectively. Phosphorylation of calsequestrin seems not to influence this high affinity interaction, i.e. calsequestrin might always be bound to RyR. However, the phosphorylation state of calsequestrin determines the amount of Ca(2+) released from the lumen. Dephosphorylation of approximately 1% of the phosphorylated calsequestrin could be enough to activate the RyR channel half-maximally, as we have shown previously [Szegedi et al., Biochem. J. 337 (1999) 19]. 相似文献
95.
During development, motor axons navigate from the spinal cord to their muscle targets in the periphery using stereotyped pathways. These pathways are broken down into shorter segments by intermediate targets where axon growth cones are believed to coordinate guidance cues. In zebrafish stumpy mutants, embryonic development proceeds normally; however, as trunk motor axons stall at their intermediate targets, suggesting that Stumpy is needed specifically for motor axon growth cones to proceed past intermediate targets. Fine mapping and positional cloning revealed that stumpy was the zebrafish homolog of the atypical FACIT collagen collagenXIXa1 (colXIX). colXIX expression was observed in a temporal and spatial pattern, consistent with a role in motor axon guidance at intermediate targets. Knocking down zebrafish ColXIX phenocopied the stumpy phenotype and this morpholino phenotype could be rescued by adding back either mouse or zebrafish colXIX RNA. The stumpy phenotype was also partially rescued in mutants by first knocking down zebrafish ColXIX and adding back colXIX RNA, suggesting that the mutation is acting as a dominant negative. Together, these results demonstrate a novel function for a FACIT collagen in guiding vertebrate motor axons through intermediate targets. 相似文献
96.
Benjamin Gagl Fabio Richlan Philipp Ludersdorfer Jona Sassenhagen Susanne Eisenhauer Klara Gregorova Christian J. Fiebach 《PLoS computational biology》2022,18(6)
To characterize the functional role of the left-ventral occipito-temporal cortex (lvOT) during reading in a quantitatively explicit and testable manner, we propose the lexical categorization model (LCM). The LCM assumes that lvOT optimizes linguistic processing by allowing fast meaning access when words are familiar and filtering out orthographic strings without meaning. The LCM successfully simulates benchmark results from functional brain imaging described in the literature. In a second evaluation, we empirically demonstrate that quantitative LCM simulations predict lvOT activation better than alternative models across three functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. We found that word-likeness, assumed as input into a lexical categorization process, is represented posteriorly to lvOT, whereas a dichotomous word/non-word output of the LCM could be localized to the downstream frontal brain regions. Finally, training the process of lexical categorization resulted in more efficient reading. In sum, we propose that word recognition in the ventral visual stream involves word-likeness extraction followed by lexical categorization before one can access word meaning. 相似文献
97.
Melissa Sondej Patricia A. Denny Yongming Xie Prasanna Ramachandran Yan Si Jona Takashima Wenyuan Shi David T. Wong Joseph A. Loo Paul C. Denny 《Clinical proteomics》2009,5(1):52-68
Introduction Glycosylation is an important component for a number of biological processes and is perhaps the most abundant and complicated
of the known post-translational modifications found on proteins.
Methods This work combines two-dimensional (2-D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and lectin blotting to map the salivary glycome
and mass spectrometry to identity the proteins that are associated with the glycome map. A panel of 15 lectins that recognize
six sugar-specific categories was used to visualize the type and extent of glycosylation in saliva from two healthy male individuals.
Lectin blots were compared to 2-D gels stained either with Sypro Ruby (protein stain) or Pro-Q Emerald 488 (glycoprotein stain).
Results Each lectin shows a distinct pattern, even those belonging to the same sugar-specific category. In addition, the glycosylation
profiles generated from the lectin blots show that most salivary proteins are glycosylated and that the profiles are more
widespread than is demonstrated by the glycoprotein-stained gel. Finally, the coreactivity between lectins was measured to
determine what types of glycan structures are associated with one another and also the population variation of the lectin
reactivity for 66 individuals were reported.
Conclusions This starting 2-D gel glycosylation reference map shows that the scientifically accepted, individual oligosaccharide variability
is not limited to a few large glycoproteins such as MUC5B, but are found on most members of the salivary proteome. Finally,
in order to see the full range of oligosaccharide distribution, multiple reagents or lectins are needed.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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100.
Roberto Jona 《Biotechnic & histochemistry》1967,42(3):113-117
To prevent loss of pollen during the Feulgen's procedure, the pollen was grown on an autoclaved membrane filter (Millipore AA WP 025 00) in contact with a sterilized medium containing agar 0.5-1%, sucrose according to the genus (Malus 0.3-0.5 M; Persica and Tulipa 0.4 M), and H3BO3, 0.01%. To fix the germinated pollen of most species, the membrane was placed for 2 hr to overnight at 2-4 C on filter paper wet with the following mixture: OsO4, 1 gm; CrO3, 1.66 gm; and distilled water, 233 ml. To fix Persica pollen, 10% of glacial acetic acid had to be added to the fixative. Washing with distilled water and bleaching with a mixture of 3% H2O2 and sat. aq. ammonium oxalate, 1:1, were performed also on filter paper. Similarly, the preparation was processed for Feulgen staining by use of pieces of filter paper wet with the required fluids. Hydrolysis preceding the Schiff's reagent was performed at room temperature with 5 N HCl for 18 min. The differentiation after the Schiff's action was with 2% K2S2O5 buffered to pH 2.3 with 9 ml of phosphate buffer (KH2PO4, 1.4 gm; conc. HCl, 0.35 ml and distilled water to make 100 ml). The stained pollen was floated off the membrane with a drop of glacial acetic acid to a gelatinized or an albumenized slide, and squashed. When the coverslip is removed the preparation may be either dehydrated and mounted or coated with autoradiographic film. 相似文献