全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1094篇 |
免费 | 115篇 |
专业分类
1209篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 9篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 27篇 |
2014年 | 32篇 |
2013年 | 79篇 |
2012年 | 44篇 |
2011年 | 61篇 |
2010年 | 29篇 |
2009年 | 39篇 |
2008年 | 60篇 |
2007年 | 64篇 |
2006年 | 70篇 |
2005年 | 64篇 |
2004年 | 37篇 |
2003年 | 48篇 |
2002年 | 62篇 |
2001年 | 18篇 |
2000年 | 26篇 |
1999年 | 25篇 |
1998年 | 26篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 26篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 20篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 16篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
1965年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有1209条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
61.
Roland Seifert Jiro Hoshino Hans Kröger 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1984,801(2):259-264
The distribution of cytosolic activity of nicotinamide:S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase (nicotinamide methylase, EC 2.1.1.1) in normal tissues from adult rat and mouse and in tumors and the change in the enzyme activity during the the development of rat tissues were studied. (1) Rat liver exhibited the highest nicotinamide methylase activity among all adult tissues tested; other rat tissues, like adrenal, pancreas, kidney, brain and mouse tissues, had only less than 15% of the adult rat liver activity. (2) 3 days before birth, fetal liver showed a very low nicotinamide methylase activity (2% of adult rat liver), which, however, increased already 1 day before birth and reached the adult level on the day 28 after birth. (3) In a variety of hepatomas and ascites tumors, an inverse correlation, with some exceptions, between tumor growth rate and nicotinamide methylase activity could be seen. In all hepatomas, with the exception of Morris hepatoma 5123tc, nicotinamide methylase activity was significantly decreased in comparison to normal adult rat liver. The highly malignant Zajdela hepatoma, Yoshida sarcoma, sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich ascites tumor methylated nicotinamide only at a negligibly low rate. (4) Cultured RLC cells (an established rat liver cell line) from the stationary growth phase or G1-arrested RLC cells had about half of the adult rat liver activity, yet the activity was 70% higher than that of the logarithmically growing RLC cells. 相似文献
62.
63.
Shotaro Sasaki Masaki Kobayashi Yuya Futagi Jiro Ogura Hiroaki Yamaguchi Natsuko Takahashi Ken Iseki 《PloS one》2013,8(7)
Background
Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) transport monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate and ketone bodies. These transporters are very attractive therapeutic targets in cancer. Elucidations of the functions and structures of MCTs is necessary for the development of effective medicine which targeting these proteins. However, in comparison with MCT1, there is little information on location of the function moiety of MCT4 and which constituent amino acids govern the transport function of MCT4. The aim of the present work was to determine the molecular mechanism of L-lactate transport via hMCT4.Experimental approach
Transport of L-lactate via hMCT4 was determined by using hMCT4 cRNA-injected Xenopus laevis oocytes. hMCT4 mediated L-lactate uptake in oocytes was measured in the absence and presence of chemical modification agents and 4,4′-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2′-disulphonate (DIDS). In addition, L-lactate uptake was measured by hMCT4 arginine mutants. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed the localization of hMCT4.Results
In hMCT4-expressing oocytes, treatment with phenylglyoxal (PGO), a compound specific for arginine residues, completely abolished the transport activity of hMCT4, although this abolishment was prevented by the presence of L-lactate. On the other hand, chemical modifications except for PGO treatment had no effect on the transport activity of hMCT4. The transporter has six conserved arginine residues, two in the transmembrane-spanning domains (TMDs) and four in the intracellular loops. In hMCT4-R278 mutants, the uptake of L-lactate is void of any transport activity without the alteration of hMCT4 localization.Conclusions
Our results suggest that Arg-278 in TMD8 is a critical residue involved in substrate, L-lactate recognition by hMCT4. 相似文献64.
Jiro Arima Yoshitaka Isoda Tadashi Hatanaka Nobuhiro Mori 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2013,29(5):899-906
N-Acyl-d-amino acid amidohydrolases (d-aminoacylases) are often used as tools for the optical resolution of d-amino acids, which are important products with applications in industries related to medicine and cosmetics. For this study, genes encoding d-aminoacylase were cloned from the genomes of Streptomyces spp. using sequence-based screening. They were expressed by Escherichia coli and Streptomyces lividans. Almost all of the cell-free extracts exhibit hydrolytic activity toward N-acetyl-(Ac-)d-Phe (0.05–6.32 μmol min?1 mg?1) under conditions without CoCl2. Addition of 1 mM CoCl2 enhanced their activity. Among them, the highest activity was observed from cell-free extracts prepared from S. lividans that possess the d-aminoacylase gene of Streptomyces sp. 64E6 (specific activities were, respectively, 7.34 and 9.31 μmol min?1 mg?1 for N-Ac-d-Phe and N-Ac-d-Met hydrolysis). Furthermore, when using glycerol as a carbon source for cultivation, the recombinant enzyme from Streptomyces sp. 64E6 was produced in 4.2-fold greater quantities by S. lividans than when using glucose. d-Aminoacylase from Streptomyces sp. 64E6 showed optimum at pH 8.0–9.0. It was stable at pH 5.5–9.0 up to 30 °C. The enzyme hydrolyzed various N-acetyl-d-amino acids that have hydrophobic side chains. In addition, the activity toward N-chloroacetyl-d-Phe was 2.1-fold higher than that toward N-Ac-d-Phe, indicating that the structure of N-acylated portion of substrate altered the activity. 相似文献
65.
66.
Norio Shiomi Jiro Yamada Masao Izawa 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2233-2244
Nine fructo-oligosaccharides, synthesized in vitro from sucrose by an enzyme preparation from asparagus roots, were isolated and their structures were elucidated to be 1F (1-β-fructofuranosyl)n sucrose [n = 1 (1-kestose), 2 (nystose) and 3], 6G (1-β-fructofuranosyl)n sucrose [n=1 (neokestose), 2 and 3] and 1F (1-β-fructofuranosyl)m-6G (1-β-fructofuranosyl)n sucrose [m=1, n=1; m=2, n =1; and m =1, n=2]. These saccharides are all known to occur naturally in asparagus roots, but 6G (1-β-fructofuranosyl)3 sucrose and 1F (1-β-fructofuranosyl)m-6G-(1-β-fructofuranosyl)n sucrose (m=1, n =1; and m=1, n=2) were the first saccharides enzymatically synthesized in vitro. Also three types of fructosyltransferases were presumed to be involved in the biosynthesis of these oligosaccharides in asparagus roots. 相似文献
67.
Jiro Yamada 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(4):997-999
Valsa ceratosperma, which is the pathogenic fungus of apple canker, was grown in a synthetic medium. The neutral extract from the culture filtrate was chromatographed on a silica gel column to give five isocoumarins. Their structures were determined by MS, UV, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, and CD spectra. Three of them were known compounds; ( ? )-5-methylmellein (1), ( ? )-5-carboxylmellein (2) and ( ? )-5-hydroxylmethylmellein (3). Since the absolute configurations at C-3 in 2 and 3 were not known until now, both were determined to be R by chemical correlations. The two were new compounds; ( + )-(3R,4S)-trans-4-hydroxy-5-methylmellein (4) and ( ? )-(3R,4R)-cis-4-hydroxy-5-methylmellein (5). All the five compounds showed phytotoxicity in a bioassay using detached apple shoots and lettuce seedlings. 相似文献
68.
Sadao Sakamura Jiro Ito Ryutaro Sakai 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(1):105-110
The additional new metabolites, named phyllostine (II) and 3-chloro-2,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol (III) from the cultural filtrates of Phyllosticta sp. have been isolated. The chemical structure of II have been established by spectral studies and chemical conversion from the known I, and the chlorine-containing metabolite (III) by spectral and synthetic studies. The metabolite (II) exhibits the similar phytotoxic effects as I, but the metabolite III does less phytotoxicity than I and II on the leaf test. 相似文献
69.
Jiro Sekiya Tadahiko Kajiwara Akikazu Hatanaka 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(3):677-678
A simple electronic device was constructed which, in combination with a conventional titrator, records close approximation of the buffer capacity curve (β-pH curve) for the solution of unknown composition. Since the recorded curves provide the overall picture of the distribution of weak Brönsted acids in the solution on the pKa axis, this apparatus may be useful in various fields such as chemistry of food and agricultural products and clinical medicine, where the characterization of the complex mixtures of weak electrolytes — carboxylic acids, amono acids, proteins, amines, phenols and etc. — are important. 相似文献
70.
Jiro Yamada 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(4):1013-1015
The interaction of some anthracycline antibiotics (adriamycin, daunomycin, aclacinomycin-A) with bacteriophage ?X174 was investigated. Adriamycin and daunomycin inactivated the infectivity of both free ?X174 phage and naked single-stranded ?X174 DNA without DNA strand scission, but aclacinomycin-A did not show this action. The phage inactivation reaction was reversibly inhibited by Superoxide dismutase, catalase or other oxygen radical scavengers. The inactivation of ?X174 by adriamycin and aclacinomycin-A was stimulated by the addition of Cu2+, while the ?X174 inactivation by daunomycin was inhibited by the addition of Cu2+. The ?X174 inactivation by adriamycin and aclacinomycin-A in the presence of Cu2+ was caused by degradation of DNA, and this inactivation reaction was inhibited irreversibly by oxygen radical scavengers. These results indicate that anthracycline antibiotics bind to ?X174 DNA in the form of free radicals and that during the auto-oxidation of these antibiotics in the presence of Cu2+, oxygen radicals were generated to cause the degradation of ?X174 DNA. 相似文献