大豆滞绿(stay-green)突变体诱变后代表型性状变异分析

本文利用大豆滞绿突变体Z-94320经60Co-γ射线诱变的突变体后代M5、M6代为材料,进行两年的田间性状观察记录统计,用相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析对其17个主要表型性状统计分析。结果表明:诱变后代产生了丰富的变异,出现了多种种皮色和子叶色,产生了非滞绿性状,形成了各种生育周期,且分离出晚熟性状。通过相关性分析发现,单株粒重与株重、茎粗、主茎荚数、分枝荚数、一粒荚数、二粒荚数、三粒荚数、瘪粒荚数、虫食数呈极显著正相关,这些性状可以对产量进行预测;主成分分析在M5代提取出“产量因子”、“株型因子”、“粒荚因子”、“茎荚因子”四个主成分,对农艺性状累计贡献率达到70.50%,M6代提取出“产量因子”、“虫害因子”、“株型因子”、“茎杆因子”四个主成分,对农艺性状累计贡献率达到71.54%;聚类分析将M5、M6代材料分别划分为6类,发现同代中各类群农艺性状情况大致相似,但是各农艺性状在两代之间的变化明显,在株重、结荚高度、单株粒重等方面M6代显著高于M5代,并筛选出两株高产品系和一株特色滞绿品系。本研究逐步完善了对滞绿大豆突变体库的构建,为滞绿大豆诱变后代的遗传多样性研究提供了基础的数据分析。     

CaСl2 Salt Signaling in Primary Root Architecture and Lateral Root Emergence in Arabidopsis thaliana

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology - Plant root architecture modulates during developmental stages and adjusts with the environmental condition. The cytosolic calcium which is a ubiquitous...     

Atg3 promotes Atg8 lipidation via altering lipid diffusion and rearrangement

Atg3‐catalyzed transferring of Atg8 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the phagophore membrane is essential for autophagy. Previous studies have demonstrated that this process requires Atg3 to interact with the phagophore membrane via its N‐terminal amphipathic helix. In this study, by using combined biochemical and biophysical approaches, our data showed that in addition to binding to the membranes, Atg3 attenuates lipid diffusion and enriches lipid molecules with smaller headgroup. Our data suggest that Atg3 promotes Atg8 lipidation via altering lipid diffusion and rearrangement.     

Could the recycled yarns substitute for the virgin cotton yarns: a comparative LCA

Purpose

Cotton yarns spun from natural fibers are widely used in the apparel industry. Most of waste cotton goods are now disposed by incineration or landfill, which brings resource and environmental challenges to the society. Using the waste cotton to spin yarns is an alternative way to forward a more sustainable future. In this research, two scenarios for the environmental impacts of yarns spun from corresponding fibers are investigated, including recycled cotton fibers and virgin cotton fibers.

Methods

The life cycle assessment (LCA) has been conducted according to the collected data from on-site investigation of typical production factories. The life cycle for the recycled cotton yarn production is divided into five stages, i.e., raw material acquisition, transportation, breaking, mixing, and spinning. The life cycle of virgin cotton yarn production is been divided into four stages, i.e., raw material acquisition, transportation, mixing, and spinning. The functional unit is 1000 kg produced yarns which are used for weaving into the fabrics. Notable impacts on climate change, fossil depletion, water depletion, and human toxicity were observed.

Results

The life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) results show that environmental impacts of recycled cotton yarns are far less than those of virgin cotton yarns, except for climate change and water depletion. The reason is that the land occupation and irrigation water have great impact on environmental impacts of cotton cultivation. In spinning, the electricity is the key factor whose environmental impacts account for the most in the virgin cotton yarn scenario, while the electricity and water consumptions are the key factors for the recycled cotton yarn scenario in the life cycle of yarn production. The sensitivity analysis indicates that improving energy efficiency can significantly reduce environmental burdens for both the two scenarios. The uncertainty distribution of water depletion, human toxicity, fossil depletion, and climate change of the two scenarios were determined with a 90% confidence interval.

Conclusions

The LCIA results reveal recycled cotton yarn is a viable alternative to relieve resource and environmental pressure. About 0.5 ha of agricultural land can be saved, 6600 kg CO₂ eq can be reduced, and 2783 m³ irrigation water can be saved by using 1000 kg of the recycled cotton yarns. It can be concluded that the recycled cotton fibers can be served as a substitute for virgin cotton fibers to reduce agricultural land and avoid environmental impacts generated from the cotton planting.

     

濒危植物秦岭石蝴蝶的SCoT遗传多样性分析

利用筛选到的24条SCoT引物,分析秦岭石蝴蝶人工繁育和野生种群60份材料的遗传多样性和遗传结构,为秦岭石蝴蝶的濒危机制和制定种群保护与修复策略提供理论依据。结果显示:(1)60份秦岭石蝴蝶供试样品的观察等位基因数平均为1.51,有效等位基因数平均为1.31,Nei's基因多样性平均为0.2305,Shannon指数平均为0.3703,表明供试材料种群的遗传多样性较低。(2)种群间的遗传距离与遗传相似系数分析结果表明,3个种群60份供试材料间的遗传相似系数为0.9551~0.9705,平均相似系数0.9634,进一步表明供试材料之间的遗传相似性极高,遗传背景较为狭窄。(3)秦岭石蝴蝶种群分子方差分析结果显示15%的变异来自于种群间,而85%的变异来自于种群内部。综合分析表明,秦岭石蝴蝶各种群内和种群之间的遗传多样性较低,遗传背景狭窄,这可能是秦岭石蝴蝶适应环境能力差,从而导致其濒危的重要原因之一。     

达格列净对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏葡萄糖转运蛋白2及葡萄糖转运蛋白4基因表达的影响*

目的:探讨达格列净对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏葡萄糖转运蛋白2(GLUT2)和葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4)基因表达的影响。方法:使用高脂饲料和一次性注射40 mg/kg链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,造模大鼠以空腹血糖(FBG)含量≥16.7 mmol/L时视为造模成功。造模成功后随机分为模型组(B组,生理盐水)、达格列净低剂量组(C组,0.75 mg/kg)、达格列净中剂量组(D组,1.5 mg/kg)、达格列净高剂量组(E组,3.0 mg/kg),每组6只;另选取6只健康的SD大鼠作为正常对照组(A组,生理盐水)。各组均为灌胃给药,每天1次,连续7周。灌胃给药7周后测定大鼠的体重以及血清FBG、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)的变化;采用酶联免疫吸附测定血清及肾组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px);采用HE观察肾脏病理学变化;采用Western blot检测肾脏组织中GLUT2、GLUT4蛋白表达;RT-qPCR检测肾脏组织中GLUT2、GLUT4 mRNA相对表达量。结果: 与A组比较,各组大鼠的体重及SOD、GSH-PX水平明显降低(P＜ 0.05),FBG、HbA1c、BUN、Scr、MDA水平明显升高(P＜0.05),肾脏病理损伤严重,肾组织GLUT2、GLUT4 mRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达均明显降低(P均＜0.05)。与B组比较,C组、D组和E组大鼠的体重、SOD、GSH-PX水平和肾组织GLUT2、GLUT4 mRNA相对表达量明显升高(P＜0.05),FBG、HbA1c、BUN、Scr、MDA水平明显降低(P＜ 0.05);D组和E组肾脏病理损伤明显减轻,肾组织GLUT2、GLUT4蛋白表达均明显升高(P均＜0.05)。结论:达格列净可缓解2型糖尿病模型大鼠的病情,并上调肾脏GLUT2及GLUT4基因的表达。