浙江披山海域主要鱼类时空生态位

依据2015年11月(秋)、2016年2月(冬)、5月(春)、8月(夏)4个航次的渔业资源底拖网调查数据,运用相对重要性指数(IRI)、Shannon指数和Pianka指数对浙江披山海域主要鱼类的时空生态位宽度和重叠进行分析,并结合冗余分析和种间竞争系数研究了主要鱼类间的竞争共存关系及生态位分化.结果 表明:研究期间共...     

Karyotyping of comparative genomic hybridization human metaphases by using support vector machines.

BACKGROUND: Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a relatively new molecular cytogenetic method for detecting chromosomal imbalance. Karyotyping of human metaphases is an important step to assign each chromosome to one of 23 or 24 classes (22 autosomes and two sex chromosomes). Automatic karyotyping in CGH analysis is needed. However, conventional karyotyping approaches based on DAPI images require complex image enhancement procedures. METHODS: This paper proposes a simple feature extraction method, one that generates density profiles from original true color CGH images and uses normalized profiles as feature vectors without quantization. A classifier is developed by using support vector machine (SVM). It has good generalization ability and needs only limited training samples. RESULTS: Experiment results show that the feature extraction method of using color information in CGH images can improve greatly the classification success rate. The SVM classifier is able to acquire knowledge about human chromosomes from relatively few samples and has good generalization ability. A success rate of moe than 90% has been achieved and the time for training and testing is very short. CONCLUSIONS: The feature extraction method proposed here and the SVM-based classifier offer a promising computerized intelligent system for automatic karyotyping of CGH human chromosomes.     

豚鼠耳蜗电图慢成分的研究

选用0.8-150Hz的带通滤波,从豚鼠圆窗记录出一负一正相慢电位.实验结果表明.其对0.5kHz短音的反应阈为729dB nHL.较耳蜗电图快成分低38.27dB nHL.通过离断听觉传导径路不同水平对该电位的观察,表明它是毛细胞及听神经电反应的慢成分.而且可能受听觉传出神经的调控.     

甘蔗幼叶切段培养中的体细胞胚胎发生

本文从形态学和组织学方面研究了甘蔗幼叶胚性愈伤组织发生及体细胞胚胎的形成过程。甘蔗幼叶片切段培养于含2.4—D1.5mg/1的MS培养基上,4—6天后切段开始形成愈伤组织,约10天后愈伤组织表面出现白色颗粒状结构。将含有白色颗粒状结构的愈伤组织转移至不含激素的培养基中,7—10天后可见有小植株长出。组织学和形态学观察表明,甘蔗离体再生植株是通过体细胞胚胎发生途径。     

Intracellular serine proteinase behaves as a heat-stress protein in nongrowing but as a cold-stress protein in growing populations of Bacillus megaterium

A temperature increase from 35° to 40–42°C enhances the rise of cytoplasmic serine proteinase (ISP1) activity in Bacillus megaterium incubated in a sporulation medium. A temperature shift from 27°C in the growth medium to 35°C in the sporulation medium has the same effect. Elevated temperature stimulates the increase of ISP1 level when applied immediately after the transfer of cells from the growth to the sporulation medium (at T₀) or at T₃, when sporulation becomes irreversible. The cytoplasmic PMSF-resistant activity or the proteolytic activity associated with the membrane fraction is stimulated only slightly or not at all. A temperature increase to 45–47°C suppresses the rise of proteolytic activities in all cell fractions. In addition to the elevation of the ISP1 activity by an upward temperature shift, the rise of this enzyme in nongrowing cells is also stimulated by osmotic stress. In growing populations, in contrast to the rise of the ISP1 activity caused by elevated temperature in nongrowing cells, this proteinase is induced by low temperatures (24–27°C). The ISP1 activity roughly correlates with the enzyme protein concentration determined by immunoblotting.     

Protein microarray signature of autoantibody biomarkers for the early detection of breast cancer

Cancer patients spontaneously generate autoantibodies (AAb) to tumor-derived proteins. To detect AAb, we have probed novel high-density custom protein microarrays (NAPPA) expressing 4988 candidate tumor antigens with sera from patients with early stage breast cancer (IBC), and bound IgG was measured. We used a three-phase serial screening approach. First, a prescreen was performed to eliminate uninformative antigens. Sera from stage I-III IBC (n = 53) and healthy women (n = 53) were screened for AAb to all 4988 protein antigens. Antigens were selected if the 95th percentile of signal of cases and controls were significantly different (p < 0.05) and if the number of cases with signals above the 95th percentile of controls was significant (p < 0.05). These 761 antigens were screened using an independent set of IBC sera (n = 51) and sera from women with benign breast disease (BBD) (n = 39). From these, 119 antigens had a partial area under the ROC curve (p < 0.05), with sensitivities ranging from 9-40% at >91% specificity. Twenty-eight of these antigens were confirmed using an independent serum cohort (n = 51 cases/38 controls, p < 0.05). Using all 28 AAb, a classifier was identified with a sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 61.6% (AUC = 0.756). These are potential biomarkers for the early detection of breast cancer.     

2006—2017年长白山阔叶红松林木本植物种子雨的时空动态

种子是森林更新的基础.为研究长白山阔叶红松林种子雨组成及时空变化,在长白山阔叶红松林25 hm²样地内设置150个面积为0.5 m²的收集器.自2006年5月至2017年12月收集252次,共收集到成熟、未成熟种子764299粒,隶属12科17属27种,其中,主林层树种13种704231粒,占总数的90%以上.种子最多的4个树种依次为紫椴、水曲柳、色木槭、假色槭,每年各个收集器都收集到这4个树种的种子;种子雨大爆发现象在各林层树种均存在,次林层和林下层较主林层树种滞后1~2年;各林层树种集中在秋季产生种子,各树种的种子雨都存在较大的时空变异性,相对而言,多数树种的空间变异性大于时间变异性;与科罗拉多岛(BCI)热带森林样地和浙江古田山亚热带常绿林样地种子产量的年际变异系数相比,长白山阔叶红松林种子产量年际变异系数较大,支持高纬度地区种子产量变异性高于低纬度地区的假说.