Superior Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Phosphorus‐Doped Carbon Dot/Graphene Aerogel for All‐Solid‐State Flexible Al–Air Batteries

Carbon dots have been recognized as one of the most promising candidates for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media. However, the desired ORR performance in metal–air batteries is often limited by the moderate electrocatalytic activity and the lack of a method to realize good dispersion. To address these issues, herein a biomass‐deriving method is reported to achieve the in situ phosphorus doping (P‐doping) of carbon dots and their simultaneous decoration onto graphene matrix. The resultant product, namely P‐doped carbon dot/graphene (P‐CD/G) nanocomposites, can reach an ultrahigh P‐doping level for carbon nanomaterials. The P‐CD/G nanocomposites are found to exhibit excellent ORR activity, which is highly comparable to the commercial Pt/C catalysts. When used as the cathode materials for a primary liquid Al–air battery, the device shows an impressive power density of 157.3 mW cm^?2 (comparing to 151.5 mW cm^?2 of a similar Pt/C battery). Finally, an all‐solid‐state flexible Al–air battery is designed and fabricated based on our new nanocomposites. The device exhibits a stable discharge voltage of ≈1.2 V upon different bending states. This study introduces a unique biomass‐derived material system to replace the noble metal catalysts for future portable and wearable electronic devices.     

Role of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in toxicity response of soil bacteria Bacillus sp. S3 to multiple heavy metals

Heavy metal resistant bacteria are of great interest because of their potential use in bioremediation. Understanding the survival and adaptive strategies of these bacteria under heavy metal stress is important for better utilization of these bacteria in remediation. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of bacterial extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in detoxifying against different heavy metals in Bacillus sp. S3, a new hyper antimony-oxidizing bacterium previously isolated from contaminated mine soils. The results showed that Bacillus sp. S3 is a multi-metal resistant bacterial strain, especially to Sb(III), Cu(II) and Cr(VI). Toxic Cd(II), Cr(VI) and Cu(II) could stimulate the secretion of EPS in Bacillus sp. S3, significantly enhancing the adsorption and detoxification capacity of heavy metals. Both Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and three-dimensional excitation–emission matrix (3D-EEM) analysis further confirmed that proteins were the main compounds of EPS for metal binding. In contrast, the EPS production was not induced under Sb(III) stress. Furthermore, the TEM–EDX micrograph showed that Bacillus sp. S3 strain preferentially transported the Sb(III) to the inside of the cell rather than adsorbed it on the extracellular surface, indicating intracellular detoxification rather than extracellular EPS precipitation played an important role in microbial resistance towards Sb(III). Together, our study suggests that the toxicity response of EPS to heavy metals is associated with difference in EPS properties, metal types and corresponding environmental conditions, which is likely to contribute to microbial-mediated remediation.

     

压力-应激对大鼠心肌细胞Cx43蛋白表达及心肌纤维化的影响

目的:探讨压力-应激对大鼠心肌细胞间隙连接蛋白-43(Cx43)蛋白表达及心肌纤维化的影响。方法:将20只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(n=10)和模型组(n=10),对照组正常饲养,模型组给予不可预测性复合应激结合孤养建立压力-应激大鼠模型。监测两组大鼠的体重变化,并通过组织形态学方法,探讨压力-应激对大鼠心肌细胞Cx43蛋白表达及心肌纤维化的影响。结果:在为期42天的造模过程中,从应激第7天开始,模型组大鼠体重明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。且模型组体重增长缓慢,体重增长百分比明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。与对照组相比,模型组大鼠组织HE染色可见心肌细胞排列紊乱,横纹消失,细胞间隙增大,部分肌纤维断裂、溶解,Masson染色可见心肌间质纤维化,胶原纤维增生、排列紊乱。心肌细胞免疫组化染色可见模型组Cx43蛋白表达明显下降(平均光密度值为0.0110±0.0028),与对照组相比(平均光密度值为0.0268±0.0025),差异具有统计学意义(t=-13.081,P<0.001)。结论:过度疲劳导致猝死的发生可能与Cx43蛋白表达水平的下降引起的恶性心律失常有关。     

乳腺癌患者改良根治术后生活质量调查及复发转移的影响因素分析

目的:调查乳腺癌患者改良根治术后生活质量,并对其复发转移的影响因素进行分析。方法:选取2012年6月～2014年6月期间于我院行改良根治术的乳腺癌患者197例,于术后3个月、术后6个月、术后12个月采用乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)评价患者生活质量。采用我院自制的调查问卷统计患者基本治疗情况,分析乳腺癌改良根治术后复发转移的影响因素。结果:本研究中,共发放197份问卷调查,回收195份,回收率为98.98%(195/197)。其中195例患者中有73例发生复发转移(复发转移组),122例未发生复发转移(未复发转移组)。195例乳腺癌患者术后3个月、术后6个月、术后12个月社会/家庭状况、生理状况、功能状况、情感状况、附加关注条目、总体生活质量等项目评分呈递增趋势(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,病理类型为浸润性非特殊性癌、肿瘤大小≥2 cm、临床分期为Ⅲ期、激素受体为ER及PR均阴性均是乳腺癌改良根治术后复发转移的独立危险因素(P0.05),而采用放化疗、联合化疗方案、内分泌治疗以及p53蛋白阳性表达是乳腺癌改良根治术后复发转移的独立保护因素(P0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者行改良根治术后生活质量呈动态变化,其术后复发转移影响因素为病理类型、临床分期、肿瘤大小、激素受体、化疗方案、p53蛋白、内分泌治疗及放化疗。     

盆底肌功能训练联合阴茎夹对前列腺增生术后患者尿失禁的临床应用分析

目的:分析盆底肌功能训练联合阴茎夹对前列腺增生术后患者尿失禁的临床应用效果。方法:选取我院2017年4月～2019年4月收治的72例前列腺增生术后尿失禁患者,随机分为对照组和观察组各36例,两组均予盆底肌功能训练,观察组加用阴茎夹控制排尿。对比两组术后尿失禁改善情况、排尿改善情况、国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷表简表(ICI-Q-SF)评分变化、压力性尿失禁分度评价及经济费用情况。结果:两组干预后20 d、干预后30 d、干预后90 d尿失禁发生率均较干预后10 d下降,观察组干预后10 d、干预后20 d、干预后30 d、干预后90 d尿失禁发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组干预后90 d每日总尿量较干预前升高,每日总排尿次数、每日总漏尿次数均较干预前下降;观察组干预后90 d每日总尿量高于对照组,每日总排尿次数、每日总漏尿次数均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组干预后90d ICI-Q-SF评分均较干预前下降,且观察组干预后90d ICI-Q-SF评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者干预后压力性尿失禁临床治愈率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者压力性尿失禁分度情况比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组阴茎夹使用费用为(70.26±8.51)元,低于对照组的(388.71±26.44)元,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:在盆底肌功能训练的基础上联合阴茎夹能够有效改善前列腺增生术后患者尿失禁症状及生活质量,且有助于降低患者经济负担,值得临床推广应用。     

原发性子宫大B细胞淋巴瘤一例报告及文献复习

摘要 目的：总结原发性子宫恶性淋巴瘤的临床表现、影像及病理学特点,以期提高对原发性子宫恶性淋巴瘤的认识及诊治水平。方法：通过PubMed、万方、维普、中国知网数据库检索2001年1月至2019年12月报道的原发性子宫恶性淋巴瘤的文献,结合首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院收治的1例原发性子宫大B细胞淋巴瘤的病例资料,对此类患者临床表现、影像及病理学特点、治疗方案及预后进行总结。结果：患者女,64岁,发现盆腔肿物半月伴有绝经后阴道流血,盆腔CT提示：宫体与宫颈局部巨大团块状软组织密度灶,宫底及宫体上段可见内膜。宫腔镜下组织活检病理：（宫内物）符合低分化恶性肿瘤,结合免疫组化结果,诊断原发性子宫大B细胞淋巴瘤。行开腹全子宫及双侧附件、大网膜及腹膜后淋巴结清扫术,术后接受CHOP方案化疗六程,现治疗后随访17月,未发现复发。结论：原发性子宫恶性淋巴瘤极少见,组织学上以大B 细胞淋巴瘤为主,临床表现缺乏特异性。最终需要结合免疫组化确诊。该疾病恶性程度高,治疗上以根治性手术联合化疗为主,预后较差。     

Serologic Response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Patients with Different Severity

Virologica Sinica - The immense patient number caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic brings the urge for more knowledge about its immunological features, including the...     

芍药乙烯受体PlETR1基因过表达载体的构建及烟草转化

芍药是乙烯敏感型花卉,乙烯受体感知并传导乙烯信号,在乙烯信号转导途径中发挥重要作用。芍药PlETR1基因cDNA全长序列已分离,为了鉴定芍药PlETR1基因的功能,本研究基于PlETR1基因和表达载体序列,应用Primer Premier 5.0软件设计了一对特异性PCR引物,采用RT-PCR技术扩增出了PlETR1编码区片段,进一步构建了芍药PlETR1基因过表达载体。基于优化的模式植物烟草的组培体系和筛选出的潮霉素抗性浓度,应用农杆菌介导的叶盘法开展了芍药PlETR1基因转化烟草的研究,对转基因抗性烟草植株进行了PCR检测,结果表明HPT基因和芍药PlETR1基因已导入到烟草基因组中,且芍药PlETR1基因转录表达成功,为下一步鉴定芍药PlETR1基因的功能提供科学依据。     

SIRT3激动剂对乙肝病毒转录和复制的影响

该文探讨了SIRT3激动剂(Honokiol,HKL)对乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)转录和复制的影响。培养HepG2-NTCP和人原代肝细胞(primary human hepatocytes,PHH),感染HBV颗粒后,用Honokiol(5μmol/L、10μmol/L、20μmol/L)处理细胞后继续培养10天,通过荧光定量PCR检测细胞内HBV DNA、cccDNA和HBV RNAs水平,Southern blot实验进一步检测胞内HBV DNA水平。构建SIRT3-KO细胞,检测敲除SIRT3后,Honokiol对细胞内HBV DNA、cccDNA和HBV RNAs的影响。通过小鼠尾静脉高压注射pCMV-KRAB-Cre质粒和precccDNA质粒构建持续感染小鼠模型,一周后腹腔注射Honokiol持续20天。荧光定量PCR检测小鼠血清中HBV DNA拷贝数,肝组织内HBV DNA、cccDNA和HBV RNAs水平。结果表明,Honokiol浓度依赖性地抑制HepG2-NTCP和PHH细胞内HBV DNA以及HBV RNAs水平,此外,Honokiol可以降低cccDNA的转录活性;敲除SIRT3后,Honokiol不能发挥抗病毒作用;小鼠模型中,Honokiol能够降低血清中HBV DNA和肝组织内HBV DNA拷贝数,以及能够显著抑制肝组织内HBV RNAs水平和cccDNA的转录活性。该研究结果表明,Honokiol能够抑制乙肝病毒转录和复制。