拮抗放线菌S24的鉴定及其对黄曲霉的抑制作用

以黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)为靶标, 从泰山土壤中分离获得一株对黄曲霉、赭曲霉、黑曲霉等粮食和饲料中常见的曲霉菌有高效拮抗活性的放线菌S24。根据其形态特征、培养特征、理化性质、细胞壁组份及16S rRNA 序列分析, 初步判定该菌株为链霉菌属中的白网链霉菌(Streptomyces albireticuli)的近似种; 该菌株抗菌谱广, 胞外抗菌物质对热稳定, 100°C加热100 min抗菌活性无明显变化; 96孔板法测得其胞外抗菌物质粗提物对黄曲霉的最小抑/杀菌浓度(MIC/MFC)分别为19.53 μg/mL和39.06 μg/mL。     

H1 RNA polymerase III promoter-driven expression of an RNA aptamer leads to high-level inhibition of intracellular protein activity

Aptamers offer advantages over other oligonucleotide-based approaches that artificially interfere with target gene function due to their ability to bind protein products of these genes with high affinity and specificity. However, RNA aptamers are limited in their ability to target intracellular proteins since even nuclease-resistant aptamers do not efficiently enter the intracellular compartments. Moreover, attempts at expressing RNA aptamers within mammalian cells through vector-based approaches have been hampered by the presence of additional flanking sequences in expressed RNA aptamers, which may alter their functional conformation. In this report, we successfully expressed a ‘pure’ RNA aptamer specific for NF-κB p50 protein (A-p50) utilizing an adenoviral vector employing the H1 RNA polymerase III promoter. Binding of the expressed aptamer to its target and subsequent inhibition of NF-κB mediated intracellular events were demonstrated in human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549), murine mammary carcinoma cells (4T1) as well as a human tumor xenograft model. This success highlights the promise of RNA aptamers to effectively target intracellular proteins for in vitro discovery and in vivo applications.     

Identification and characterization of FHL3 as a novel angiogenin-binding partner

Angiogenin (Ang) is known to induce cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis by cellular signaling pathways and by direct nuclear functions of Ang, but the mechanism of action for Ang is not yet clear. The aim of present study was to identify novel binding partner of Ang and to explore the underlying mechanism. With the use of yeast two-hybrid screening system, Ang was used as the bait to screen human fetal hepatic cDNA library for interacting proteins. Four and a half LIM domains 3 (FHL3) was identified as a novel Ang binding partner. The interaction between Ang and the full length FHL3 was further confirmed by yeast two-hybrid assay, co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays. Furthermore, FHL3 was required for Ang-mediated HeLa cell proliferation and nuclear translocation of Ang. These findings suggest that the interaction between Ang and FHL3 may provide some clues to the mechanisms of Ang-regulated cell growth and apoptosis.     

江西省8种外来植物分布新记录

According to field investigation results, specimen identification and related literatures, eight newly recorded species of alien plants in Jiangxi Province were defined, viz. Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson, Oenothera laciniata Hill, Jacquemontia tamnifolia ( Linn.) Griseb., Ipomoea lacunosa Linn., Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam., Triodanis perfoliata (Linn.) Nieuwl., Erigeron philadelphicus Linn. and Bromus catharticus Vahl. These species have already established population in Jiangxi Province, and some have been invaded. Voucher specimens are deposited in Shanghai Chenshan Herbarium ( CSH) .     

经内镜鼻胆管引流术治疗腹腔镜胆囊切除术后迟发性胆漏

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术后迟发性胆漏经内镜鼻胆管引流术治疗的可行性.方法:对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后7例明确病因的迟发性胆漏患者的临床资料进行回顾分析.结果:最初2例患者行开腹手术1例术中证实胆囊床迷走胆管漏,缝合漏口,腹腔冲洗引流,1例证实肝总管侧壁漏,行肝总管侧壁修补+T管引流术,另5例腹腔镜胆囊切除术后迟发性胆漏患者经内镜鼻胆管引流加腹腔引流治愈.随访1-13年疗效满意.结论:LC术后近期患者腹痛应考虑迟发性胆漏的可能,ERCP+ENBD是治疗腹腔镜胆囊切除术后迟发性胆漏的一种有效方法.     

江西省茶园土壤肥力特征及其影响因子

为探明江西省典型茶园土壤养分状况和肥力特征,选取江西省21个地区372个典型茶园,分析茶园土壤养分的差异性、空间性、相关性及与地形、土壤类型、海拔和建园时间的关联性。结果表明: 江西省茶园土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮、全磷和全钾分别达到优质高效高产茶园土壤营养指标的53.9%、60.1%、56.1%、22.9%、38.5%、43.7%、11.1%和95.5%,其中速效磷为强变异;有效铜、锌、铁、锰和硼达到土壤微量元素含量分级一级标准的占比分别为76.3%、74.2%、96.8%、73.1%和0.0%。江西茶园土壤养分以赣中地区最高,其次是赣东北和赣西北地区,赣南地区最低。除全钾外,土壤pH与有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮和全磷均呈显著正相关。不同地形土壤养分以平地最高,高山次之,山地和丘陵最低;不同土壤类型土壤养分以水稻土、砂壤和山地黄棕壤较高,其次是黄壤、红黄壤和紫色土,红壤最低;土壤pH、有机质和全钾随海拔上升而递增,而速效磷随海拔上升而递减;土壤有机质、碱解氮、全氮、速效磷和全磷随建园时间的增加而递增,而土壤pH随建园时间的增加而递减。综上,江西省茶园土壤肥力总体水平良好,有机质、全钾、有效铜、锌、铁和锰均较丰富,但土壤偏酸,速效磷和全磷偏低,有效硼严重缺乏。赣中应提高土壤pH和钾肥,赣东北增加钾和氮肥,赣西北增加有机质和磷肥,赣南应增加氮磷钾肥并配施有机肥;高山茶园补充速效磷和钾肥,山地茶园提高氮和磷肥;红黄壤茶园提高土壤pH和全钾,红壤茶园应提高氮磷钾肥并配施有机肥,黄壤和山地黄棕壤茶园需要增施磷肥,紫色土茶园需提高土壤有机质;茶园需要逐年增加白云石粉、生理碱性肥料和有机肥等,防治茶园土壤酸化。     

濒危植物秦岭石蝴蝶的SCoT遗传多样性分析

利用筛选到的24条SCoT引物,分析秦岭石蝴蝶人工繁育和野生种群60份材料的遗传多样性和遗传结构,为秦岭石蝴蝶的濒危机制和制定种群保护与修复策略提供理论依据。结果显示:(1)60份秦岭石蝴蝶供试样品的观察等位基因数平均为1.51,有效等位基因数平均为1.31,Nei's基因多样性平均为0.2305,Shannon指数平均为0.3703,表明供试材料种群的遗传多样性较低。(2)种群间的遗传距离与遗传相似系数分析结果表明,3个种群60份供试材料间的遗传相似系数为0.9551~0.9705,平均相似系数0.9634,进一步表明供试材料之间的遗传相似性极高,遗传背景较为狭窄。(3)秦岭石蝴蝶种群分子方差分析结果显示15%的变异来自于种群间,而85%的变异来自于种群内部。综合分析表明,秦岭石蝴蝶各种群内和种群之间的遗传多样性较低,遗传背景狭窄,这可能是秦岭石蝴蝶适应环境能力差,从而导致其濒危的重要原因之一。     

抚育间伐对长白落叶松人工林土壤碳、氮及其组分的影响

抚育间伐作为重要的森林经营措施之一,能够改变林分结构和稳定性,进而影响森林生态系统的生物地球化学循环.然而,抚育间伐对森林土壤碳、氮循环的影响程度如何尚不明确,尤其缺少长期试验结果报道.本研究以黑龙江省孟家岗林场经过4种不同强度和频度的抚育间伐处理后的60年生长白落叶松人工林为研究对象(4次低强度的间伐,LT4;3次中等强度的间伐,MT3;2次高强度间伐,HT2;不进行间伐的对照,CK),从酸水解法划分土壤碳、氮库(活性碳、氮库Ⅰ,活性碳、氮库Ⅱ和惰性碳、氮库)的角度研究了抚育间伐对长白落叶松人工林土壤总有机碳、全氮的影响机制.结果表明: 抚育间伐显著增加了土壤有机碳和全氮含量,增幅分别高达48.7%～50.3%和28.9%～42.7%.抚育间伐均增加了3种碳、氮组分的含量,而增加的程度因碳、氮组分和抚育间伐措施的不同而异.与活性碳库Ⅰ和活性碳库Ⅱ的增加程度相比,惰性碳库的增加程度最大,LT4、MT3和HT2处理下惰性碳库分别增加71%、69%和75%.此外,抚育间伐也显著增加了惰性碳占土壤总有机碳的比例.LT4显著提高了土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量和微生物熵,而MT3和HT2对微生物生物量碳、氮和微生物熵却无显著影响.抚育间伐可能通过产生较多的粗木质残体于土体中,增加土壤木栓质和木质素等顽固组分的输入,进而导致土壤惰性碳含量增加,降低有机质的分解,最终导致土壤有机碳增加.     

快速眼动睡眠期行为障碍(RBD)的帕金森病临床特征分析

目的:探究合并不同发作形式的快速眼动睡眠期行为障碍(RBD)与帕金森病的临床特点及自主神经功能障碍变化。方法:采用快速眼动期睡眠行为障碍筛查量表及帕金森综合评分量表(Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale),对20例合并简单型(RBD)的帕金森病患者(RBD-简单组)与20例合并复杂型(RBD)的帕金森病患者(RBD-复杂组)进行研究。结果:两组帕金森病患者的一般情况、左旋多巴药物日剂量、疾病病程等无统计学差异(P>0.05)。合并复杂型(RBD)的帕金森病患者运动部分评分高于合并简单型(RBD)的帕金森病患者(P<0.05)。两组患者之间在非震颤、强直、运动减少症状均存在统计学差异(P<0.05),(RBD)复杂组评分均高于(RBD)简单组。多因素logistics回归显示,复杂型(RBD)的存在与UPDRS-Ш部分评分相关,而与年龄、病程、教育年限、左旋多巴药物日剂量等无显著相关,与运动减少症状最为相关,与震颤、非震颤、强直症状无相关性。两组患者运动障碍类型与(RBD)发作形式无明显相关性(P=0.108)。结论:合并复杂型(RBD)的帕金森病患者运动症状更重,并且累及运动障碍的诸多方面。帕金森病患者存在复杂型(RBD)症状主要与UPDRS-Ш评分相关,其中与运动减少方面显著相关。     

杆状病毒生态学研究进展

杆状病毒是一类寄生于鳞翅目、膜翅目和双翅目昆虫及其它节肢动物的病原体,是具有囊膜的双链环状DNA病毒.目前至少已从600多种昆虫中发现有杆状病毒的感染,其中一部分能够引起宿主种群不同程度的流行病.杆状病毒在分类上独立为杆状病毒科,其典型的结构特征是病毒粒子包埋于蛋白质基质的包涵体中.