神经—肌接头自发性递质释放的研究进展

神经－肌接头存在三种类型的自发性乙酰胆碱释放;（１）Ｃａ＾２＋敏感的量子式释放,是活性带突触小泡的释放,突触后电位表现为常见的微终板电位;（２）Ｃａ＾２＋不敏感的量子式释放,是活怀带外突小泡释放,突触后电位一表现为较大而上升缓慢的微终板电位,在正常肌肉较少则在多种削弱Ｃａ＾２＋敏感的量子式释放的情况下占优势;９３）胞浆乙酰胆碱的漏出。     

手术室护士对外科手消毒相关知识的认知状况调查分析

目的:了解手术室护士对外科手消毒相关知识的认知状况,为手术室管理者提供护士掌握外科手消毒知识的整体水平,以全面提高外科手消毒的效果。方法:自行设计的问卷对哈尔滨市8家三级甲等综合性医院手术室护士进外科手消毒相关知识的认知调查。结果:目前手术室护士掌握外科手消毒相关知识的状况不容乐观,共20个被调查问题,回答正确率平均为49.85%;工作年限、第一学历、职称、学习过《医务人员手卫生规范》、消毒重要性的认识对答题结果的影响具有统计学意义(P0.05),表现为工作年限时间越长、第一学历越低、职称越高、学习过《医务人员手卫生规范》的、认为外科手术消毒重要的护士理论知识掌握情况越好。结论:被调查者自主学习较差,手术室管理者应当注重和加强手术室护士的外科手消毒专题学习培训与考核,理论与实践相结合,不断探索长期、可持续的培训教育模式,管理者制定与临床工作相结合并且适合不同学历背景和年资护士的培训方式和学习计划。充分调动护士的自我管理意识,建立外科手消毒"品管圈",分析和解决问题,使手术室的护理质量在持续的改进中得到不断提高。     

利用癌功能类从癌基因组突变谱中识别癌基因

从大规模癌样本基因突变扫查数据中识别癌基因具有重要的意义. 一些重要功能的改变对于癌的发生发展是必需的, 因此将它们定义为癌功能类, 并从GO(Gene Ontology)中选择一组显著富集已知癌基因的细致功能类来代表它们. 为了评价以癌相关功能类作为特征识别癌基因的效果, 将已知的蛋白激酶癌基因定义为阳性金标准, 而将其他的蛋白激酶基因定义为阴性金标准. 结果表明, 与利用选择压力作为特征的方法比较, 利用癌相关功能类作为特征的方法可以更有效地识别癌基因. 进一步结合癌相关功能类与基因非同义突变个数可以产生更可靠的预测结果. 最后, 将46个注释到癌相关功能类并且其非同义突变个数至少为3的蛋白激酶基因预测为癌基因, 预测精确率达到0.42.     

A combined A431 cell membrane chromatography and online high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method for screening compounds from total alkaloid of Radix Caulophylli acting on the human EGFR

We have developed an online analytical method that combines A431 cell membrane chromatography (A431/CMC) with high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC/MS) for identifying active components from Radix Caulophylli acting on human EGFR. Retention fractions on A431/CMC model were captured onto an enrichment column and the components were directly analyzed by combining a 10-port column switcher with an LC/MS system for separation and preliminary identification. Using Sorafenib tosylate as a positive control, taspine and caulophine from Radix Caulophylli were identified as the active molecules which could act on the EGFR. This A431/CMC-online-LC/MS method can be applied for screening active components acting on EGFR from traditional Chinese medicines exemplified by Radix Caulophylli and will be of great utility in drug discovery using natural medicinal herbs as a source of novel compounds.     

The laboratory evaluation of repellent effect of camouflage face paint mixed with DEET to Aedes albopictus

参照中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T 17322.10-1998和《军队特需药品研发勤务技术指导原则(试行)》规定的测试方法,测试了避蚊胺和水溶性二氧化钛处理迷彩油(CFP)对白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus的驱避效果,为研发我军专用的防蚊虫迷彩油提供依据.结果表明:在3种颜色迷彩油中加入DEET后,不影响DEET的驱蚊效果;添加不同浓度DEET对蚊虫的驱避效果差异显著,20％dEET和25％dEET+迷彩油对白纹伊蚊的平均防护时间均达到或超过10h,达到《军队特需药品研发勤务技术指导原则(试行)》规定的标准,15％dEET+迷彩油平均防护时间不足10h,未达《军队特需药品研发勤务技术指导原则(试行)》规定的标准.研究表明:将适量DEET与迷彩油混合涂抹于皮肤可能作为演习或战时的伪装和防蚊的一种有效的综合保护措施.     

Genome-wide analysis of the Chinese sturgeon sox gene family: identification,characterisation and expression profiles of different tissues

The sox family is assumed to be responsible for a number of developmental systems. Genome sequencing technology makes it possible to scan sox genes and conduct characteristic analyses of different species. In fish, full characterisation of sox genes at the genome-wide level has been reported for pufferfish Takifugu rubripes, medaka Oryzias latipes, tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. However, no systematic investigation of the sox family in sturgeons (Acipenseridae) has been reported to date. This study conducted genome-wide identification of the sox genes in the Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis and profiled their tissue distribution between male and female individuals. In total, 19 sox genes were identified, including soxb1, b2, c, d, e, f and h, in the Chinese sturgeon. Genomic structure analysis indicated relatively conserved exon–intron structures in each sox group and phylogenetic analysis supported the previous classification of the sox family. Most of the sox genes showed a tissue-specific expression pattern, indicating the possible involvement of Chinese sturgeon sox genes at different developmental processes such as cardiac and gonadal development. This study provides a comprehensive resource of Chinese sturgeon sox genes and enables a better understanding of the evolution and function of the sox family.     

Functional Characterization of 14 Pht1 Family Genes in Yeast and Their Expressions in Response to Nutrient Starvation in Soybean

Background

Phosphorus (P) is essential for plant growth and development. Phosphate (Pi) transporter genes in the Pht1 family play important roles in Pi uptake and translocation in plants. Although Pht1 family genes have been well studied in model plants, little is known about their functions in soybean, an important legume crop worldwide.

Principal Findings

We identified and isolated a complete set of 14 Pi transporter genes (GmPT1-14) in the soybean genome and categorized them into two subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. Then, an experiment to elucidate Pi transport activity of the GmPTs was carried out using a yeast mutant defective in high-affinity Pi transport. Results showed that 12 of the 14 GmPTs were able to complement Pi uptake of the yeast mutant with Km values ranging from 25.7 to 116.3 µM, demonstrating that most of the GmPTs are high-affinity Pi transporters. Further results from qRT-PCR showed that the expressions of the 14 GmPTs differed not only in response to P availability in different tissues, but also to other nutrient stresses, including N, K and Fe deficiency, suggesting that besides functioning in Pi uptake and translocation, GmPTs might be involved in synergistic regulation of mineral nutrient homeostasis in soybean.

Conclusions

The comprehensive analysis of Pi transporter function in yeast and expression responses to nutrition starvation of Pht1 family genes in soybean revealed their involvement in other nutrient homeostasis besides P, which could help to better understand the regulation network among ion homeostasis in plants.