全文获取类型
收费全文 | 41819篇 |
免费 | 3331篇 |
国内免费 | 2443篇 |
专业分类
47593篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 60篇 |
2023年 | 484篇 |
2022年 | 1132篇 |
2021年 | 1966篇 |
2020年 | 1226篇 |
2019年 | 1506篇 |
2018年 | 1414篇 |
2017年 | 1084篇 |
2016年 | 1624篇 |
2015年 | 2430篇 |
2014年 | 2856篇 |
2013年 | 3094篇 |
2012年 | 3588篇 |
2011年 | 3403篇 |
2010年 | 1945篇 |
2009年 | 1797篇 |
2008年 | 2088篇 |
2007年 | 1870篇 |
2006年 | 1606篇 |
2005年 | 1427篇 |
2004年 | 1201篇 |
2003年 | 1058篇 |
2002年 | 906篇 |
2001年 | 851篇 |
2000年 | 740篇 |
1999年 | 717篇 |
1998年 | 435篇 |
1997年 | 465篇 |
1996年 | 442篇 |
1995年 | 390篇 |
1994年 | 378篇 |
1993年 | 308篇 |
1992年 | 441篇 |
1991年 | 383篇 |
1990年 | 331篇 |
1989年 | 246篇 |
1988年 | 236篇 |
1987年 | 198篇 |
1986年 | 141篇 |
1985年 | 186篇 |
1984年 | 121篇 |
1983年 | 104篇 |
1982年 | 80篇 |
1981年 | 60篇 |
1980年 | 55篇 |
1979年 | 72篇 |
1978年 | 66篇 |
1977年 | 46篇 |
1976年 | 48篇 |
1973年 | 48篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
31.
32.
中国貂祝蛾属研究及二新种记述(鳞翅目:祝蛾科)武春生(中国科学院动物研究所北京100080)貂祝蛾属AthymorisMeyrick,1935曾一直是瘤祝蛾亚科(Torodorinae)中的一个单型属,分布于我国和日本。其前翅的M2+3合并,且靠近共... 相似文献
33.
Zhao Rongrui Wang Wenze Wu Bowei Hoebeke Johan Hjalmarson Åke Fu Michael L. X. 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1996,163(1):185-193
The effects of anti-peptide antibodies against the second extracellular loop of human M2 muscarinic receptor on transmembrane potentials and currents in guinea pig single ventricular cells were analyzed using whole-cell patch clamp technique. These effects were compared with those of the muscarinic receptor agonists carbachol and acetylcholine. The antibodies shortened the action potential duration in a dose-dependent manner. By using a ramp or step rectangular pulse protocol, it was found that the antibodies increased the outward K+ current and decreased the inward basal I Ca significantly. The reversal potential of both carbachol-and antibody-induced extra currents were close to –80 mV, being in proximity to the calculated Ek of –90 mV. A -adrenergic receptor agonist, isoprenaline, prolonged the action potential and increased the overshoot which could be inhibited by both antibody and carbachol. Isoprenaline increased inward Ica and outward Ik simultaneously. Both antibody and carbachol could significantly reduce the isoprenaline-stimulated ICa but not the isoprenaline-stimulated Ik. The antibody- or carbachol-induced outward K+ current and the depressant effects of antibody and carbachol on isoprenaline-stimulated Ica were partially antagonized by atropine. These results suggest that the anti-M2 muscarinic receptor antibodies display a stimulatory activity similar to muscarinic receptor agonist on the receptor-mediated electrophysiological events. 相似文献
34.
The intrinsic chlorophyll-protein CP 47 is a component of photosystem II which functions in both light-harvesting and oxygen evolution. Using site-directed mutagenesis we have produced the mutant W167S which lies in loop C of CP 47. This strain exhibited a 75% loss in oxygen evolution activity and grew extremely slowly in the absence of glucose. Examination of normalized oxygen evolution traces indicated that the mutant was susceptible to photoinactivation. Analysis of the variable fluorescence yield indicated that the mutant accumulated very few functional PS II reaction centers. This was confirmed by immunoblotting experiments. Interestingly, when W167S was grown in the presence of 20 M DCMU, the mutant continued to exhibit these defects. These results indicate that tryptophan 167 in loop C of CP 47 is important for the assembly and stability of the PS II reaction center. 相似文献
35.
Previous work on the growth biophysics of maize (Zea mays L.) primary roots suggested that cell walls in the apical 5 mm of the elongation zone increased their yielding ability as an adaptive response to low turgor and water potential (psi w). To test this hypothesis more directly, we measured the acid-induced extension of isolated walls from roots grown at high (-0.03 MPa) or low (-1.6 MPa) psi w using an extensometer. Acid-induced extension was greatly increased in the apical 5 mm and was largely eliminated in the 5- to 10-mm region of roots grown at low psi w. This pattern is consistent with the maintenance of elongation toward the apex and the shortening of the elongation zone in these roots. Wall proteins extracted from the elongation zone possessed expansin activity, which increased substantially in roots grown at low psi w. Western blots likewise indicated higher expansin abundance in the roots at low psi w. Additionally, the susceptibility of walls to expansin action was higher in the apical 5 mm of roots at low psi w than in roots at high psi w. The basal region of the elongation zone (5-10 mm) did not extend in response to expansins, indicating that loss of susceptibility to expansins was associated with growth cessation in this region. Our results indicate that both the increase in expansin activity and the increase in cell-wall susceptibility to expansins play a role in enhancing cell-wall yielding and, therefore, in maintaining elongation in the apical region of maize primary roots at low psi w. 相似文献
36.
本文研究了热因子对琼脂悬浮稳定性的影响,分析了造成汁胞萎瘪褪色的原因,并提出了解决的办法。认为只要琼脂的加热时间不要太长,分层现象是比较容易解决的。海藻酸钙凝胶薄膜和含油溶剂预处理能很好地防止汁胞的萎瘪破碎,但操作不当容易造成褪色。 相似文献
37.
以淀粉珠为载体的亲和层析法分离纯化高温α淀粉酶张学忠,宋伦,王群,吴晓霞,唐锌进(吉林大学酶工程国家重点实验室,长春130023;南京师范大学生物系,南京210024)金凤燮等人从酒曲中筛选出高产热稳定α淀粉酶的菌株,命名为Bacillussp-JF... 相似文献
38.
利用人粒细胞集落刺激因子(hG-CSF)cDNA3′端非翻译区(3′-UTR)中存在的DraⅠ酶切位点,通过部分酶切与完全酶切,删除3′-UTR不同长度,构建了四种hG-CSFcDNA瞬时重组表达质粒。转染COS-7细胞后,生物活性测定结果提示,hG-CSFcDNA3′-UTR对其表达起负调控作用,其关键性序列位于紧接终止密码子TGA下游的65bp范围内,3′-UTR对hG-CSFcDNA表达的影响与转录水平的差别有一定关系。 相似文献
39.
用奎吖咽(quinacrine)作荧光指标剂,测定玉米(ZeamaysL.)根尖微粒体(MIC)膜囊泡的H~+-泵活性,结果表明1mmol/LNaN_3仅抑制该泵活性约8%,而0.8mmol/L钒酸盐(Van)则可抑制其活性达80%,说明MIC制剂中H~+-泵活性主要由质膜(PM)H~+-ATPase产生。此泵活性严格需要Mg~(2+),二价阳离子作用大小的顺序为Mg~(2+)>Mn~(2+)>Zn~(2+)>Ca~(2+)=0;阴离子作用大小的1顺序为Br~->Cl~->NO_3~->SO_4~(2-),并初步证实当质膜同侧发生电子传递时,没有跨膜H~+梯度(△μH~+)生成。 相似文献
40.