全文获取类型
收费全文 | 21436篇 |
免费 | 1500篇 |
国内免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
22947篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 27篇 |
2023年 | 67篇 |
2022年 | 242篇 |
2021年 | 414篇 |
2020年 | 247篇 |
2019年 | 311篇 |
2018年 | 532篇 |
2017年 | 395篇 |
2016年 | 683篇 |
2015年 | 1130篇 |
2014年 | 1235篇 |
2013年 | 1402篇 |
2012年 | 1834篇 |
2011年 | 1720篇 |
2010年 | 1106篇 |
2009年 | 918篇 |
2008年 | 1357篇 |
2007年 | 1188篇 |
2006年 | 1057篇 |
2005年 | 974篇 |
2004年 | 961篇 |
2003年 | 780篇 |
2002年 | 787篇 |
2001年 | 629篇 |
2000年 | 634篇 |
1999年 | 422篇 |
1998年 | 166篇 |
1997年 | 129篇 |
1996年 | 119篇 |
1995年 | 87篇 |
1994年 | 82篇 |
1993年 | 69篇 |
1992年 | 157篇 |
1991年 | 125篇 |
1990年 | 88篇 |
1989年 | 103篇 |
1988年 | 70篇 |
1987年 | 65篇 |
1986年 | 69篇 |
1985年 | 53篇 |
1984年 | 47篇 |
1983年 | 37篇 |
1982年 | 27篇 |
1981年 | 24篇 |
1978年 | 28篇 |
1976年 | 32篇 |
1975年 | 29篇 |
1973年 | 33篇 |
1971年 | 23篇 |
1969年 | 24篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
141.
Dong Ki Park Junji Terao Setsuro Matsushita 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2443-2448
Trilinoleoylglycerol (TL) was autoxidized at 37°C in the dark. Monohydroperoxides (MHP) obtained from the oxidized products were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Several peaks which appeared in the chromatogram were identified by infrared (IR), gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and enzymatic hydrolysis. Some positional and geometrical isomers of their hydroperoxy fatty acid components were separated using both absorption and reversed phase systems. Furthermore, 1-hydroperoxylinoleoyl-2,3-dilinoleoyl-glycerol and 1,3-dilinoleoyl-2-hydroperoxylinoleoylglycerol were partly separated by HPLC using an absorption system. MHP obtained from autoxidized corn oil, safflower oil and soybean oil were separated into some peaks by HPLC, although resolution into the individual isomers was incomplete. When oxidized oils were subjected to HPLC analysis directly, a linear relationship was observed between the peak areas of MHP and peroxide value in the range of 10 ~ 50 meq/kg. 相似文献
142.
Byeong-Teck Kang Dong-Pyo Jang Su-Hyun Gu Jong-Hwan Lee Dong-In Jung Chae-Young Lim Ha-Jung Kim Young-Bo Kim Hyung-Joong Kim Eung-Je Woo Zang-Hee Cho Hee-Myung Park 《Comparative medicine》2009,59(5):459-464
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assess the correlation between the volume of the ischemic lesion and neurobehavioral status during the subacute stage of ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke was induced in 6 healthy laboratory beagles through permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO). T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), measurement of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) ratio, and neurobehavioral evaluation were performed 3 times serially by using a 1.5-T MR system: before and 3 and 10 d after MCAO. Ischemic lesions demonstrated T2 hyperintensity, FLAIR hyperintensity, and DWI hyperintensity. The ADC ratio was decreased initially but then was increased at 10 d after MCAO. Ischemic lesion volumes on T2-weighted and FLAIR imaging were not significantly different from those on DWI. The lesion volume and neurobehavioral score showed strong correlation. Our results suggest that conventional MRI may be a reliable diagnostic tool during the subacute stage of canine ischemic stroke.Abbreviations: ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; DWI, diffusion-weighted imaging; FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery; MCAO, middle cerebral artery occlusion; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PWI, perfusion-weighted imagingIn human medicine, stroke is a leading cause of adult mortality and neurologic disability worldwide.1 Strokes previously were thought to be uncommon in small animals, but the true prevalence is unknown.4 These events are now recognized more frequently in dogs because of increased use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).5,14,17Because the infusion of thrombolytic agents, such as urokinase or tissue plasminogen activator, within 3 to 6 h of the onset symptoms is effective in restoring blood flow and improving stroke outcome in humans,19 the detection of early ischemic changes is now thought to be necessary to improve patient outcome. Computed tomography and conventional MRI are not sufficiently sensitive to predict the presence and extent of ischemic damage during the acute stage after a stroke.12,20 Therefore several MRI sequences, such as fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), and MR angiography, have been developed for early diagnosis and subsequent follow-up of ischemic stroke.3 High-field magnetic strengths (at least 1.5 T) are necessary to perform these sequences.In contrast to the situation in humans, ischemic stroke in many dogs is diagnosed during the subacute stage—24 h to 6 wk after the vascular insult—due to the time lag between the onset of clinical signs to referral and to the lack of standard diagnostic protocols for ischemic stroke in dogs. In most reports of strokes in dogs, the median interval between the onset of neurologic dysfunction and performance of an MRI was more than 2 d.5,14,17 Whereas DWI has marked sensitivity to very early ischemic changes in the brain, T2-weighted and FLAIR images gradually become more hyperintense later (that is, during the first 24 h after the insult).3 Therefore, hyperintensity on T2-weighted and FLAIR images is believed to be representative of mature lesions.15 In light of these findings, we hypothesized that conventional MR sequences, such as T2-weighted and FLAIR imaging as well as DWI would be used for the diagnosis of the subacute stage of ischemic stroke in dogs.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI and assess the correlation between the volume of ischemic lesions and neurobehavioral status during the subacute stage of ischemic stroke in dogs. We therefore investigated the lesion volume of T2-weighted and FLAIR images compared with that on DWI images. Furthermore, we assessed the relationship between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the ischemic lesions and the neurobehavioral status of the dogs. 相似文献
143.
Janet Lee Jeong-Hwa Baek Kyu-Sil Choi Hyun-Soo Kim Hye-Young Park Geun-Hyoung Ha Ho Park Kyo-Won Lee Chang Geun Lee Dong-Yun Yang Hyo Eun Moon Sun Ha Paek Chang-Woo Lee 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2013,12(3):442-451
Multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are capable of differentiating into a variety of cell types from different germ layers. However, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying the transdifferentiation of MSCs into specific cell types still need to be elucidated. In this study, we unexpectedly found that treatment of human adipose- and bone marrow-derived MSCs with cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, in particular CDK4 inhibitor, selectively led to transdifferentiation into neural cells with a high frequency. Specifically, targeted inhibition of CDK4 expression using recombinant adenovial shRNA induced the neural transdifferentiation of human MSCs. However, the inhibition of CDK4 activity attenuated the syngenic differentiation of human adipose-derived MSCs. Importantly, the forced regulation of CDK4 activity showed reciprocal reversibility between neural differentiation and dedifferentiation of human MSCs. Together, these results provide novel molecular evidence underlying the neural transdifferentiation of human MSCs; in addition, CDK4 signaling appears to act as a molecular switch from syngenic differentiation to neural transdifferentiation of human MSCs. 相似文献
144.
145.
146.
Jeon SB Jin F Kim JI Kim SH Suk K Chae SC Jun JE Park WH Kim IK 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2006,343(1):27-33
Agonist and depolarization-induced vascular smooth muscle contractions involve the activation of Rho-kinase pathway. However, there are no reports addressing the question whether this pathway is involved in NaF-induced vascular contractions. We hypothesized that Rho-kinase plays a role in vascular contraction evoked by sodium fluoride in rat aortae. In both physiological salt solution and calcium-free solution with 2 mM EGTA, cumulative addition of NaF increased vascular tension in concentration-dependent manners. Effects of Rho-kinase inhibitor (Y27632) on phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC20) and myosin targeting subunit (MYPT1(Thr696)) of myosin light chain phosphatase as well as NaF-induced contractions were determined using isolated tissue and the Western blot experiments. Y27632 inhibited NaF-induced contractions in a concentration-dependent manner. NaF increased phosphorylation of MLC20 and MYPT1(Thr696), which were also inhibited by Y27632. However, MLCK inhibitor (ML-7) or PKC inhibitor (Ro31-8220) did not inhibit the NaF-induced contraction. These results indicate that activation of Rho-kinase and the subsequent phosphorylation of MYPT1(Thr696) play important roles in NaF-induced contraction of rat aortae. 相似文献
147.
Mehran Dastmalchi Myung Ryeol Park Jeremy S. Morris Peter Facchini 《Phytochemistry Reviews》2018,17(2):249-277
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a group of specialized metabolites found predominantly in the plant order Ranunculales. Approximately 2500 naturally occurring BIAs have been identified, many of which possess a variety of potent biological and pharmacological properties. The initial BIA skeleton is formed via condensation by a unique enzyme, norcoclaurine synthase, of the l-tyrosine derivatives dopamine and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, yielding (S)-norcoclaurine as a central intermediate. The vast diversity of BIA structures is subsequently derived from (1) transformation of the basic BIA backbone by oxidative enzymes, particularly cytochromes P450 and FAD-linked oxidases, and (2) further structural and functional group modification by tailoring enzymes, which also include various reductases, dioxygenases, acetyltransferases, and carboxylesterases. Most of the biosynthetic enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of major BIAs (i.e. morphine, noscapine, papaverine, and sanguinarine) in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum), and other compounds (e.g. berberine) in related plants, have been isolated and partially characterized. Diversity in BIA metabolism is driven by the modular and repetitive recruitment, and subsequent neo-functionalization, of a limited number of ancestral enzymes. In this review, BIA biosynthetic enzymes are discussed in the context of their respective families, facilitating exploration of common phylogeny and biochemical mechanisms. 相似文献
148.
The naked mole-rat is a relative newcomer to biomedical and behavioral studies. The authors review this unusual rodent's uses in research, husbandry, reproduction, and common diseases. 相似文献
149.
150.