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31.
Saldarriaga JF Gile GH James ER Horák A Scheffrahn RH Keeling PJ 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》2011,58(6):487-496
Pseudotrichonympha is a large hypermastigote parabasalian found in the hindgut of several species of rhinotermitid termites. The genus was discovered more than 100 years ago, and although over a dozen species have since been described, this represents only a small fraction of its likely diversity: the termite genera from which Pseudotrichonympha is known are all species rich, and in most cases their hindgut symbionts have not been examined. Even formally described species are mostly lacking in detailed microscopic data and/or sequence data. Using small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences and light and scanning electron microscopy we describe here the morphology and molecular phylogenetic position of two Pseudotrichonympha species: the type species for the genus, Pseudotrichonympha hertwigi from Coptotermes testaceus (described previously in line drawing only), and Pseudotrichonympha paulistana from Heterotermes tenuis (described previously based on light microscopy only). 相似文献
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Helminth genome projects: all or nothing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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The reactions of [Pt2(μ-S)2(PPh3)4] with excess PbBr2 or PbI2 in methanolic suspension result in the formation of the neutral lead(II) halide adducts [Pt2(μ-S)2(PPh3)4PbX2] (X = Br, I). The X-ray structure determination of the lead iodide adduct reveals an essentially tetrahedral lead(II) centre, which is a rare coordination geometry for lead(II), which almost invariably is hemidirected, with a stereochemically active lone pair. In contrast, the structure of the PbBr2 adduct, although suffering from some disorder, shows a more typical, distorted arrangement of ligands; these results are discussed in terms of the tendency for soft, bulky ligands to promote symmetric, holodirected geometries. The ESI mass spectra of the adducts are reported, and yield [M−halide]+ ions. 相似文献
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Rosa FM Godard AL Negrão-Correa D Rodrigues HA Carvalho Odos S Caldeira RL Teles HM Maciel E Jannotti-Passos LK Coelho PM 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2006,101(Z1):247-251
Resistant (Taim, RS) and susceptible albino (Joinville, SC) Biomphalaria tenagophila populations were kept together, at different proportions, throughout a 18-month-period. Some of the snail groups were submitted to Schistosoma mansoni infection. The targets of this study were (a) to analyze the populational dynamics among resistant and susceptible individuals to S. mansoni; (b) to study the resistance phenotype in descendants of cross-breeding; (c) to observe whether the parasite could exert any kind of selection in those snail populations. Throughout the experiment it could be observed that the susceptible B. tenagophila strain (Joinville) underwent a selective pressure of the parasite that was negative, since the individuals showed a high mortality rate. Although B. tenagophila (Taim) population presented a higher mortality rate without pressure of the parasite, this event was compensated by a reproductive capacity. B. tenagophila Taim was more fecund than B. tenagophila Joinville and was able to transmit the resistance character to their descendants. F1 generation obtained by cross-breeding between resistant and susceptible lineages was completely resistant to S. mansoni infection, irrespective of the Taim proportion. Moreover, less than 5% of F2 progeny were susceptible to S. mansoni infection. 相似文献
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The metalloligand [Pt2(μ-S)2(PPh3)4] reacts with Bi(S2CNEt2)3 or Bi(S2COEt)3 in methanol to produce the orange cationic adducts [Pt2(μ-S)2(PPh3)4Bi(S2CNEt2)2]+ and [Pt2(μ-S)2(PPh3)4Bi(S2COEt)2]+, respectively, isolated as their hexafluorophosphate salts. An X-ray structure determination on [Pt2(μ-S)2(PPh3)4Bi(S2CNEt2)2]PF6 reveals the presence of a six-coordinated bismuth centre with an approximately nido-pentagonal bipyramidal coordination geometry. Fragmentation pathways for both complexes have been probed using electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry; ions [Pt2(μ-S)2(PPh3)2Bi(S2CXEtn)2]+ (X = O, n = 1, X = N, n = 2) are formed by selective loss of two PPh3 ligands, and at higher cone voltages the species [(Ph3P)PtS2Bi]+ is observed. Ions formed by loss of CS2 are also observed for the xanthate but not the dithiocarbamate ions. 相似文献
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The distribution and abundance of Betaproteobacteria and three of its genera - Limnohabitans (R-BT065 lineage), Polynucleobacter (including subclusters Polynucleobacter necessarius and Polynucleobacter acidiphobus/Polynucleobacter difficilis), and Methylophilus - across the epilimnia of 72 limnologically diverse freshwater habitats were investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Moreover, seasonal development of Betaproteobacteria subgroups along the longitudinal axis of a reservoir was followed. Betaproteobacteria comprised on average 29.1%, Polynucleobacter 11.6%, P.?necessarius 10.1%, P.?acidiphobus/difficilis 0.5%, Limnohabitans 8.9%, and Methylophilus 0.9% of total bacterioplankton cells in the investigated habitats. Polynucleobacter necessarius and Limnohabitans coexisted in the majority of habitats but showed contrasting abundance patterns along the pH gradient of habitats (pH, 3.8-8.5). The observed distribution patterns could theoretically be explained by different preferences for substrate sources, that is, substances of humic origin in acidic waters and algal-derived substances in alkaline waters. However, substrate utilization patterns observed in laboratory experiments indicate no coherent group-specific differences in substrate preferences. Interestingly, similar distribution patterns were revealed for Limnohabitans and P.?acidiphobus/difficilis, suggesting similar ecological adaptations of these distantly related taxa. Our findings further emphasize that at least two taxa of freshwater Betaproteobacteria represent ecologically diversified groups. Investigations at higher phylogenetic resolution are required for obtaining further insights into their ecology. 相似文献
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