Cryopreservation of Calli and Their Suspension Culture Cells of Anisodus acutangulus

Calli and their suspension culture cells of Anisodus acutangulus cultures which had been cryopreservated showed no change in cell morphology or growth potential in culture and retained biosynthesis ability of hyoscyamine and scopolamine. Cells viability beyond 90% has been obtained after cryopreservation. In cryoperservation experiments, calli were better than their suspension culture cells, the younger was better than the older, –196 ℃ was better than –20 ℃, cryoprotectant lactalbumin hydrolysate was similar to the dimethyl sulfoxide. Calli and their suspension culture cells of Al acutangulus could not be cryopreservated in the presence of cryoprotectant glycerine or in the absence of cryprotectant.     

利用RAPD技术快速鉴定番茄体细胞无性系变异

从以镰刀菌酸为选择剂筛选的番茄再生植株和未经筛选的植株叶片中提取ＤＮＡ,建立了适合番茄ＲＡＰＤ分析的ＰＣＲ条件,进一步在６０个随机引物中找到了４个可用于鉴定四个番茄品种体细胞无性系变异的引物。利用该法鉴定体细胞无性系变异不仅简单、迅速、可靠,而且因ＤＮＡ的用量少,不影响被检植株的后期生长,可尽早淘汰那些生理适应性而非分子水平发生变异的再生植株。     

线粒体的热机效率原理及其在运动疲劳中的应用

基于呼吸链电子漏现象提出了用热机效率原理描述线粒体合成ＡＴＰ 的工作效率, 指出呼吸链漏电不仅使线粒体合成ＡＴＰ 的效率降低, 而且导致线粒体生成有害的活性氧自由基, 引起线粒体损伤。通过检测游泳耗竭小鼠心肌线粒体生成过氧化氢速率的增高和线粒体呼吸对氰化钾敏感性的下降,证明了耗竭运动引起呼吸链电子漏水平明显增高。随电子漏增加而出现的活性氧的损伤表现在线粒体脂质过氧化程度增加,呼吸链四个酶复合物的活性均有不同程度降低,以及呼吸控制率的下降等等。文章讨论了呼吸链电子漏和电子漏引起的活性氧生成对线粒体合成ＡＴＰ 效率的影响。     

The overexpression of Tipe2 in CRC cells suppresses survival while endogenous Tipe2 accelerates AOM/DSS induced-tumor initiation

Aging is a natural and progressive process characterized by an increased frequency of age-related diseases such as cancer. But its mechanism is unclear. TNFAIP8L2 (Tipe2) is an important negative regulator for homeostasis through inhibiting TLR and TCR signaling. Our work reveals that Tipe2 might have dual function by regulating senescence. One side, the overexpression of Tipe2 in CRC cells could induce typical senescent phenotype, especially exposure to oxidative stress. Tipe2 inhibits telomerase activity by regulating c-Myc and c-Est-2 binding to the hTERT promotor. Interestingly, Tipe2 KO mice treated with D-Gal showed a less serious inverse of CD4:CD8 ratio, a lower percentage of Treg compared to WT. Besides, Tipe2 KO mice were more tolerant to the initiation of AOM/DSS-induced CRC, accompanied by a lower level of Treg within IEL. Therefore, specific antibodies against CD25 effectively ameliorate tumorigenesis. These data suggest strongly that the overexpressed Tipe2 suppresses tumor cells proliferation and survival, but endogenous Tipe2 promotes the initiation of tumorigenesis when exposure to dangerous environment such as AOM/DSS-related inflammation.Subject terms: Colon cancer, Immunosurveillance     

Elevated cytokines and chemokines in peripheral blood of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia treated with high-titer convalescent plasma

The global SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic continues to be devastating in many areas. Treatment options have been limited and convalescent donor plasma has been used by many centers to transfer passive neutralizing antibodies to patients with respiratory involvement. The results often vary by institution and are complicated by the nature and quality of the donor plasma itself, the timing of administration and the clinical aspects of the recipients. SARS-CoV-2 infection is known to be associated with an increase in the blood concentrations of several inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, as part of the overall immune response to the virus and consequential to mediated lung pathology. Some of these correlates contribute to the cytokine storm syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome, often resulting in fatality. A Phase IIa clinical trial at our institution using high neutralizing titer convalescent plasma transfer gave us the unique opportunity to study the elevations of correlates in the first 10 days after infusion. Plasma recipients were divided into hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients who did not (Track 2) or did (Track 3) require mechanical ventilation. Several cytokines were elevated in the patients of each Track and some continued to rise through Day 10, while others initially increased and then subsided. Furthermore, elevations in MIP-1α, MIP-1β and CRP correlated with disease progression of Track 2 recipients. Overall, our observations serve as a foundation for further study of these correlates and the identification of potential biomarkers to improve upon convalescent plasma therapy and to drive more successful patient outcomes.     

Scalable In-Plane Directional Crystallization for The Printable Hole-Conductor-Free Perovskite Solar Cell Based on The Carbon Electrode

Popular solution-processed approaches for producing the active layer of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) generally have to make compromise between crystallinity and compactness by inducing a rapid crystallization process with explosive nucleation and limited growth via removing solvent quickly. Here, a practical growth-dominated in-plane directional crystallization technique (IPDC) with a deeply retarded crystallization process for the scalable preparation of PSCs are reported. During the low-temperature annealing, a tiny chamber with a small height is built atop the wet perovskite precursor film to restrain the vertical diffusion and removal of solvent vapor. The chamber eliminates the vertical solvent vapor gradient and induce a horizonal in-plane gradient of solvent vapor pressure (SVP) toward the preset exhaust port which allows the slow escape of solvent vapor to outer space. In this way, nucleation is induced preferentially near the port and the as-formed heterogeneous nuclei then grow continuously and directionally. With IPDC, sufficient filling of perovskite with high crystallinity and obvious growth orientation is realized in non-ordered mesoporous scaffolds. An encouraging power conversion efficiency of 19.35% and 16.53% is achieved respectively for the 0.1 and 52.3-cm² printable mesoscopic hole-conductor-free PSCs with carbon electrodes.     

Aptamer‐conjugated mesoporous polydopamine for docetaxel targeted delivery and synergistic photothermal therapy of prostate cancer

ObjectivesIt is imperative to develop efficient strategies on the treatment of prostate cancer. Here, we constructed multifunctional nanoparticles, namely AS1411@MPDA‐DTX (AMD) for targeted and synergistic chemotherapy/photothermal therapy of prostate cancer.Materials and MethodsMesoporous polydopamine (MPDA) nanoparticles were prepared by a one‐pot synthesis method, DTX was loaded through incubation, and AS1411 aptamer was modified onto MPDA by the covalent reaction. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by ultra‐micro spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectra, transmission electron microscope, and so on. The targeting ability was detected by selective uptake and cell killing. The mechanism of AMD‐mediated synergistic therapy was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence.ResultsThe prepared nanoparticles can be easily synthesized and possessed excellent water solubility, stability, and controlled drug release ability, preferentially in acidic context. Based on in vitro and in vivo results, the nanoparticles can efficiently target prostate cancer cells, promote DTX internalization, and enhance the antitumor effects of chemo‐photothermal therapy strategies under the NIR laser irradiation.ConclusionsAs a multifunctional nanoplatform, AS1411@MPDA‐DTX could efficiently target prostate cancer cells, promote DTX internalization, and synergistically enhance the antiprostate cancer efficiency by combining with NIR irradiation.