野大豆(Glycine soja)叶绿体的光谱及其激子能量转移

野大豆叶绿体在低温(77K)时出现三条荧光发射谱带,它们来源于不同的色素蛋白复合体。 在纳秒脉冲激光激发下,捕光天线色素的相对荧光量子产额,随激光强度的增加有明显下降现象。用激子理论和动力学方程讨论和计算了激子扩散参量。指出激子转移是随机的,非相干的。     

灌浆期喷施6-BA对甜玉米一些生理指标的影响

甜玉米灌浆期喷施不同浓度6-BA后,叶片叶绿素含量、光合速率、比叶重均提高,丙二醛含量和外渗电导率明显降低,籽粒中可溶性糖和维生素C含量均提高.     

北五味子的果实解剖研究

采用不同花期的子房与花谢后的果实解剖制片为材料,综合研究结果,明确北五味子的雌花,其离生心皮雌蕊群呈螺旋状着生在圆顶状的花托上。每一个单雌蕊均由鸡冠状柱头与下面膨大的子房构成。花柱缺如。子房有自背缝线上发生的假隔膜隔开,致将子房形成假二室;胚珠倒生乃至弯生,亚边缘胎座(submarginal placenta),受精后发育成旋生聚合浆果(spiral-baccacetum),内含种子1-3(2)枚。种子属双子叶有胚乳种子,胚甚小,约为种子的1/50。     

邯郸地区棉铃虫抗药性的一些生物化学特性(英文)

对河北邯郸地区的抗性棉铃虫(Helicovrpa armigera H(?)bner)种群不同发育阶段乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)对灭多威和对氧磷的敏感磷的敏感度结果表明:4-5龄幼虫的AChE在棉铃虫整个发育期中敏感度是最低的,成虫期的AChE最敏感,蛹期AChE平均敏感度低于幼虫期。用甲基对硫磷和灭多威以LD_5的诱导剂量和LD_(50)的选择剂量处理棉铃虫幼虫后,AChE对底物的亲和力和对抑制剂的敏感度发生了明显的变化,水解β-乙酸萘酯的羧酸酯酶对底物的亲和力明显提高,而水解α-乙酸萘酯的羧酸酯酶对底物的亲和力在处理后24小时无明显改变。谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性,低剂量诱导组最高降低至78％和43％,而高剂量选择组提高15％,诱导组和选择组对底物的亲和力均明显降低,处理的剂量和处理后时间明显地影响棉铃虫磷酸酯酶的活性及其对底物的亲和力。     

泡桐对小麦生长发育和土壤水盐含量的影响动态

泡桐进入农田,使风沙区农田生态环境得到改善,从而提高农田生态系统的自我调节能力,增强对自然灾害特别是干热风的抗御能力,促使小麦稳产高产,对此已有广泛的报道;然而泡桐对麦田土壤水分和盐分以及对小麦生长发育的影响动态,尚未见系统报道,这正是泡桐改善农田生态环境,保障小麦高产稳产的有力论据。     

Early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis using serum biomarkers

The early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) remains the biggest obstacle to the global TB control, TB being the second leading cause of infectious disease death worldwide. As such, one of the pioneering investigations is made by Xu et al. ( Proteomics 2015, 15, 58–67 ), which is of promising clinical application significance when used in clinics and in TB screening in the population. Xu et al. revealed that statistical differences among three serum proteins (S100A9, SOD3, and MMP9) exist between TB cases and other lung disease cases. The combination of the three biomarkers could give 92.5% sensitivity and 95% specificity to discriminate TB from healthy controls.     

Identification of the amino acid-AZT-phosphoramidase by affinity T7 phage display selection

A CEM cell cDNA T7 phage display library was prepared and used to screen for activating enzymes of phosphoramidate prodrugs of AZT monophosphate. Although, inefficient compared to ribonucleotide based phosphoramidates, hHint 1 was identified as the likely intracellular pronucleotide activating enzyme.     

A missense mutation in the VHYNP motif of a DELLA protein causes a semi-dwarf mutant phenotype in Brassica napus

Although dwarf genes have been widely used to improve lodging resistance and enhance harvest index in cereal crops, lodging is still a serious problem in rapeseed (Brassica napus) production. A semi-dwarf B. napus mutant, ds-1, was identified through EMS mutagenesis of a microspore-cultured DH line. The mutant had a significant reduction in height due to a lower first branch position and shorter internodes when compared with wild-type cultivars. This dwarfism was inherited as a single semi-dominant gene, ds-1. DS-1 locus was mapped to chromosome A6, and co-segregated with a microsatellite marker BnEMS1125 derived from the gene BnRGA. BnRGA encodes a DELLA protein that functions as a GA signaling repressor. The expression of a mutant BnRGA allele from ds-1, Bnrga-ds, caused dwarf phenotypes in Arabidopsis. Comparative sequencing of RGA open-reading frames (ORFs) of ds-1 and wild-type cultivars revealed a single proline (P)-to-leucine (L) substitution that may lead to a gain-of-function mutation in GA signaling. The expression of the Arabidopsis homolog, Atrga-ds, bearing this site-directed mutation also rendered dwarf phenotypes in Arabidopsis, which demonstrated that the P-to-L mutation in the VHYNP motif of Bnrga-ds is responsible for the dwarfism. A yeast two-hybrid assay confirmed that this mutation inhibited the interaction between Bnrga-ds/Atrga-ds and the GA receptor, AtGID1A, in the presence of GA₃, suggesting that the conserved proline residue in the VHYNP motif of DELLA protein directly participates in DELLA-GID1 interaction. Identification and characterization of the dwarf gene ds-1 will facilitate its utilization in improving lodging resistance in Brassica breeding.     

Conformational transition of DNA induced by cationic lipid vesicle in acidic solution: spectroscopy investigation

The conformational transition of DNA induced by the interaction between DNA and a cationic lipid vesicle, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB), had been investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and UV spectroscopy methods. We used singular value decomposition least squares method (SVDLS) to analyze the experimental CD spectra. Although pH value influenced the conformation of DNA in solution, the results showed that upon binding to double helical DNA, positively charged liposomes induced a conformational transition of DNA molecules from the native B-form to more compact conformations. At the same time, no obvious conformational changes occurred at single-strand DNA (ssDNA). While the cationic lipid vesicles and double-strand DNA (dsDNA) were mixed at a high molar ratio of DDAB vesicles to dsDNA, the conformation of dsDNA transformed from the B-form to the C-form resulting in an increase in duplex stability (DeltaT(m)=8+/-0.4 degrees C). An increasing in T(m) was also observed while the cationic lipid vesicles interacted with ssDNA.