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81.
温度对香蕉花蓟马发育和存活的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过在人工气候箱内饲养香蕉花蓟马,测定了14、18、22、26℃和30℃5个温度下香蕉花蓟马不同虫态的发育历期,分析了温度与香蕉花蓟马发育速率的关系,计算了其发育起点温度、有效积温及存活率。结果表明:香蕉花蓟马各虫态的发育历期随温度的升高而缩短,发育速率和温度之间有很大的相关性;香蕉花蓟马卵、一龄若虫、二龄若虫、预蛹、蛹及世代的发育起点温度分别为8.26、10.56、7.92、9.17、9.53、8.69℃,世代的有效积温为153.81d·℃。26℃下香蕉花蓟马的世代存活率最高,为63.16%;30℃下的存活率最低,为46.34%。 相似文献
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84.
Yuanyuan Yu Jiugang Yuan Qiang Wang Xuerong Fan Ping Wang Xuejiao Sun 《Engineering in Life Science》2013,13(2):194-200
Cellulases can penetrate into the fiber, causing tensile strength loss of the cellulosic fibers or fabrics. To minimize the tensile strength loss, we have immobilized cellulases on Eudragit S‐100. The characteristics of covalent Eudragit cellulase were evaluated using gel filtration analysis and UV spectra. Gel filtration analysis revealed that the cellulases were covalently bound to the polymer. Covalent Eudragit cellulase was loaded with the enzyme of about 40% and had a relative activity about 80% at a Eudragit S‐100 concentration of 15 g/L. When cellulase is bound to the polymer, the solubility profile becomes similar to the one of Eudragit. In addition, the effects of the enzyme on the cotton yarns and fabric using cellulases have been investigated. Native and immobilized cellulases caused improvements in whiteness and wrinkle recovery angle of the fabric in comparison to the control samples. The bending stiffness results show that native and immobilized cellulase treated cotton fabric has an improved softness than the control samples. It was found that using the immobilized cellulase reduced the weight and tensile strength, because the hydrolytic attack is only limited to the surfaces of cotton fibers. 相似文献
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为揭示全球变暖和降水格局改变对我国中亚热带地区森林生态系统地下生态过程的影响,在福建三明森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站内开展杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)幼树土壤增温和隔离降水双因子试验,研究增温和隔离降水在夏季对杉木幼树细根生物量、形态及养分特征的影响。结果表明,增温(+5℃,W)、隔离降水(–50%,P)和增温+隔离降水(WP)处理的细根总生物量分别比对照(CT)显著降低35.7%、51.7%和59.1%,P和WP处理的细根总生物量分别比W处理显著降低24.9%和36.4%;W、P和WP处理的0~1 mm细根比根长(specific root length,SRL)比对照均显著增加,而0~1和1~2 mm细根比表面积(specific root area,SRA)均无显著变化;与对照相比,W处理的细根N含量、C/N和δ15N均无显著变化,P处理的细根N含量和C/N分别显著增加和下降,WP处理的细根N含量和δ15N显著增加,而C/N显著降低。因此,未来在全球变暖和降水减少的双重环境胁迫下,调整表层细根形态特征可能不是杉木幼树的主要应对策略;而相较于温度升高,降水减少可能是影响杉木幼树细根生物量及表层化学元素分配的主要环境因子。 相似文献
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Degradation of proteins mediated by ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) plays important roles in the regulation of eukaryotic cell cycle. In this study, the functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of UPP in mouse oocyte meiotic maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic cleavage were studied by drug-treatment, Western blot, antibody microinjection, and confocal microscopy. The meiotic resumption of both cumulus-enclosed oocytes and denuded oocytes was stimulated by two potent, reversible, and cell-permeable proteasome inhibitors, ALLN and MG-132. The metaphase I spindle assembly was prevented, and the distribution of ubiquitin, cyclin B1, and polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) was also distorted. When UPP was inhibited, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/p90rsk phosphorylation was not affected, but the cyclin B1 degradation that occurs during normal metaphase-anaphase transition was not observed. During oocyte activation, the emission of second polar body (PB2) and the pronuclear formation were inhibited by ALLN or MG-132. In oocytes microinjected with ubiquitin antibodies, PB2 emission and pronuclear formation were also inhibited after in vitro fertilization. The expression of cyclin B1 and the phosphorylation of MAPK/p90rsk could still be detected in ALLN or MG-132-treated oocytes even at 8 h after parthenogenetic activation or insemination, which may account for the inhibition of PB2 emission and pronuclear formation. We also for the first time investigated the subcellular localization of ubiquitin protein at different stages of oocyte and early embryo development. Ubiquitin protein was accumulated in the germinal vesicle (GV), the region between the separating homologous chromosomes, the midbody, the pronuclei, and the region between the separating sister chromatids. In conclusion, our results suggest that the UPP plays important roles in oocyte meiosis resumption, spindle assembly, polar body emission, and pronuclear formation, probably by regulating cyclin B1 degradation and MAPK/p90rsk phosphorylation. 相似文献
88.
通过愈伤组织诱导器官发生途径,建立了水杉(Metasequoia glyptostroboides)的植株再生体系,探讨了不同外植体(种胚、幼叶切块、茎段、根段)和植物生长调节剂对不定芽直接再生和愈伤组织诱导器官发生的影响。结果表明:以种胚、无菌苗叶片、茎段和根作为外植体,在MS补加2,4-D、NAA和6-BA不同组合的培养基上都能诱导得到愈伤组织,其中种胚诱导愈伤组织效果最好,诱导率可达100%,茎诱导效果次之,诱导率为97.1%。诱导愈伤组织效果较好的培养基有:MS+1.0mg·L-12,4-D+0.5mg·L-16-BA、MS+0.1mg·L-16-BA+1.0mg·L-1NAA、MS+0.5mg·L-16-BA+1.0mg·L-1NAA、MS+1.0mg·L-16-BA+1.0mg·L-1NAA、MS+0.5mg·L-16-BA+2.0mg·L-1NAA、MS+1.0mg·L-16-BA+2.0mg·L-1NAA和MS+0.5mg·L-12,4-D+0.5mg·L-1NAA。以愈伤组织在MS培养基上植株再生效果最好,再生率为62.5%。 相似文献
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90.
Manuj Tandon Joseph M. Salamoun Evan J. Carder Elisa Farber Shuping Xu Fan Deng Hua Tang Peter Wipf Q. Jane Wang 《PloS one》2015,10(3)
Protein kinase D (PKD) has been implicated in many aspects of tumorigenesis and progression, and is an emerging molecular target for the development of anticancer therapy. Despite recent advancement in the development of potent and selective PKD small molecule inhibitors, the availability of in vivo active PKD inhibitors remains sparse. In this study, we describe the discovery of a novel PKD small molecule inhibitor, SD-208, from a targeted kinase inhibitor library screen, and the synthesis of a series of analogs to probe the structure-activity relationship (SAR) vs. PKD1. SD-208 displayed a narrow SAR profile, was an ATP-competitive pan-PKD inhibitor with low nanomolar potency and was cell active. Targeted inhibition of PKD by SD-208 resulted in potent inhibition of cell proliferation, an effect that could be reversed by overexpressed PKD1 or PKD3. SD-208 also blocked prostate cancer cell survival and invasion, and arrested cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Mechanistically, SD-208-induced G2/M arrest was accompanied by an increase in levels of p21 in DU145 and PC3 cells as well as elevated phosphorylation of Cdc2 and Cdc25C in DU145 cells. Most importantly, SD-208 given orally for 24 days significantly abrogated the growth of PC3 subcutaneous tumor xenografts in nude mice, which was accompanied by reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis and decreased expression of PKD biomarkers including survivin and Bcl-xL. Our study has identified SD-208 as a novel efficacious PKD small molecule inhibitor, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of targeted inhibition of PKD for prostate cancer treatment. 相似文献