广聚萤叶甲成虫产卵行为及其产卵部位的选择性

【目的】明确广聚萤叶甲成虫产卵行为及其产卵部位的选择性。【方法】在室内条件下,对广聚萤叶甲成虫交配及产卵的系列行为、产卵场所选择、不同部位豚草植株叶片叶绿素b的含量进行了观察和测定:(1)将1对成虫放到养虫笼内的一株豚草上,观察交配时间,记录产卵数量、前后2粒卵之间的产卵时间间隔;(2)在均匀分为5部分(0～10、11～20、21～30、31～40和41～50 cm)的豚草植株上,随机放置10对成虫,观察雌虫对于产卵场所的选择。(3)将上述5个部位的豚草叶片通过丙酮匀浆法处理,用紫外分光光度计测定其在645和663 nm的吸光值,计算叶绿素b含量。【结果】广聚萤叶甲成虫完成一次成功交配平均需96.09 min。雌虫一般需45 min的时间来寻找其适应的产卵场所,在产卵过程中,成虫习惯将卵产于叶片背面,雌虫喜欢用口器来清理刚产下的卵粒。在一株50 cm高的豚草植株上,雌虫喜欢将卵产在植株中部21～30 cm和中上部31～40cm的叶片上(从下往上划分)。卵块数量和豚草不同部位叶片叶绿素b含量呈显著的正相关性。【结论】广聚萤叶甲成虫喜欢产卵在叶绿素b含量较高的叶片背面,可能以视觉识别叶片颜色来选择和定位产卵场所。     

Effect of all-trans-retinoic acid on mRNA binding protein p62 in human gastric cancer cells

p62 is a cancer-associated antigen binding to mRNA encoding insulin-like growth factor II that was isolated by immunoscreening a cDNA expression library with autoantibodies from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, multiple methods including flow cytometry, confocal laser-scanning microscope, electron microscope were used to characterize the effect of ATRA on BGC-823 cells, which presented two phenotypes of differentiation and apoptosis in cells treated with 1.0 and 50 microM ATRA, respectively. Interestingly, we found that p62 was cytoplasmic in location, but it significantly decreased in cytoplasm and appeared in nucleus of cells when the cells were treated with 50 microM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for 5 days. Furthermore, proteomics approach on differential nucleus proteins showed that the up-regulation and/or down-regulation of cell cycle proteins and IGF binding proteins were involved in the apoptosis of BGC-823 cells induced by ATRA. These results suggest that there is a significant association between expression and distribution of p62 and the growth arrest of tumor cells, in which p62 is associated with cell apoptosis induced by ATRA.     

转Bt基因棉田节肢动物群落营养层及优势功能团的组成与变化

1998年在河北南皮棉区转Bt基因棉棉田和常规棉综防田的生物群落变化的研究表明,与常规棉综防田相比,转Bt基因棉棉田的节肢动物种类增加30.7%,功能团多样性增加66.9%,天敌类和中性节肢动物类的丰富度分别增加97.6%和158.0%,害虫类的丰富度减少45.7%。就功能团的种群数量来看,主要害虫棉铃虫、蚜虫和蓟马种群数量分别减少98.9%、69.0%和72.6%;而次要害虫害蝽、粉虱、叶蝉类昆虫的种群数量分别增加了2.2、3.2和14.8倍,棉花生长中期,转Bt基因棉棉田中的基位物种丰富度大于中位和顶位物种;常规棉田中的差异则更大,出现天敌控制“空缺”。综合分析表明,转Bt基因棉棉田生态系统比常规棉综防田稳定;转Bt基因棉棉田的中性节肢动物和次要害虫在害虫－天敌的营养链中起到了重要的调控作用。     

卧龙自然保护区典型生态系统服务时空变化研究

自然保护区作为生态系统服务的产生区和生物多样性保护的重点区,评估其关键生态系统服务,对提高保护区管理水平和生态保护与建设效率有重要意义。利用CASA模型、RUSLE模型、InVEST模型及水量平衡原理等方法分别定量评估了卧龙自然保护区2000年和2015年碳固定（NPP）、土壤保持、生境质量和水源涵养4种生态系统服务并分析了其时空分布及其变化特征,揭示了不同地形位梯度和土地利用类型上生态系统服务的差异,识别了生态系统服务的热点区域。研究结果揭示了2000-2015年4种生态系统服务及其变化的时空异质性：1）研究期间保护区4种生态系统服务供给量均有所增加,且增益面积大于减损面积;2）空间上,NPP、土壤保持和生境质量3种服务表现为东南高、西北低,水源涵养空间分布无明显规律,4种服务的空间分布特征均变化不大且保持相对稳定;3）4种生态系统服务空间分布及变化与地形位和土地利用类型有关。4种服务的高值和增益的优势分布区均位于较低地形位指数梯度上,以保护区东南部最为突出;林地和草地是对保护区生态系统服务贡献较大的土地利用类型,尤以林地突出;4）热点分析表明保护区东南部是主要的生态系统服务供给热点区,研究期间Ⅳ类热点区面积显著增加。结合研究区域生态系统特征和生态恢复与管理政策,探讨分析了目标生态系统服务时空变化的自然生态和社会经济驱动力,为本区域生态系统恢复和生物多样性保护提供依据和建议。     

Simultaneous determination of urinary cystathionine, lanthionine, and their cyclic compounds using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

A measurement system for cystathionine (Cysta) lanthionine (LT), and (AEC), and reduced products of their ketimines, perhydro-1,4-thiazapine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid (PHTZDC), 1,4-thiomorpholine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid (TMDA) and 1,4-thiomorpholine-3-carboxylic acid (TMA) in the urine samples of a patient with cystathioninuria and normal human subjects has been developed, using column liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The recoveries were about 90–105% for Cysta, LT and AEC, and about 77–87% for PHTZDC, TMDA and TMA after ion-exchange treatment. The concentrations of Cysta and PHTZDC in the urine of a patient with cystathioninuria were much higher compared with those in the urine of normal human subjects. The concentrations of AEC and TMDA were almost the same. LT and TMA could not be detected in the urine samples by this method. This method proved useful for the determination of sulfur-containing amino acids and their cyclic compounds in biological samples.