云南中山湿性常绿阔叶林中降雨对养分淋溶的影响

 作者在云南哀牢山生态站对中山湿性常绿阔叶林进行了定位研究,根据1990～1992年所取得的观测资料,对林外大气降雨,林内雨及树干茎流的养分浓度,养分季节变化及养分贡献进行了分析和讨论,探讨了大气降雨对养分淋溶的影响。结果表明：N、P、K、Ca、Mg浓度在林外降雨、林内降雨及树干流中有很大的差异。其养分浓度和养分输入均为雨季>干季,且养分浓度除林外降雨中N浓度外,均表现树干茎流>林内雨>林外降雨。此外,对降雨和淋溶作用对林地养分物质输入的贡献也进行了分析和讨论。     

中国环角圆虫兆属Papirioides亚属一新种（弹尾目：齿虫兆科）

本文描述了采自中国江苏的环角圆虫兆属Ｐａｐｉｒｉｏｉｄｅｓ亚属一新种：苏州环角圆虫兆Ｐｔｅｎｏｔｈｒｉｘ（Ｐａｐｉｒｉｏｉｄｅｓ）ｓｕｚｈｏｕｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本保存在南京大学生物系     

Roles of histidine-103 and tyrosine-235 in the function of the prolipoprotein diacylglyceryl transferase of Escherichia coli.

Phosphatidylglycerol:prolipoprotein diacylglyceryl transferase (Lgt) is the first enzyme in the posttranslational sequence of reactions resulting in the lipid modification of lipoproteins in bacteria. A previous comparison of the primary sequences of the Lgt enzymes from phylogenetically distant bacterial species revealed several highly conserved amino acid sequences throughout the molecule; the most extensive of these was the region 103HGGLIG108 in the Escherichia coli Lgt (H.-Y. Qi, K. Sankaran, K. Gan, and H. C. Wu, J. Bacteriol. 177:6820-6824, 1995). These studies also revealed that the kinetics of inactivation of E. coli Lgt with diethylpyrocarbonate were consistent with the modification of a single essential histidine or tyrosine residue. The current study was conducted in an attempt to identify this essential amino acid residue in order to further define structure-function relationships in Lgt. Accordingly, all of the histidine residues and seven of the tyrosine residues of E. coli Lgt were altered by site-directed mutagenesis, and the in vitro activities of the altered enzymes, as well the abilities of the respective mutant lgt alleles to complement the temperature-sensitive phenotype of E. coli SK634 defective in Lgt activity, were determined. The data obtained from these studies, in conjunction with additional chemical inactivation studies, support the conclusion that His-103 is essential for Lgt activity. These studies also indicated that Tyr-235 plays an important role in the function of this enzyme. Although other histidine and tyrosine residues were not found to be essential for Lgt activity, alterations of His-196 resulted in a significant reduction of in vitro activity.     

Structure-function relationship of bacterial prolipoprotein diacylglyceryl transferase: functionally significant conserved regions.

The structure-function relationship of bacterial prolipoprotein diacylgyceryl transferase (LGT) Has been investigated by a comparison of the primary structures of this enzyme in phylogenetically distant bacterial species, analysis of the sequences of mutant enzymes, and specific chemical modification of the Escherichia coli enzyme. A clone containing the gene for LGT, lgt, of the gram-positive species Staphylococcus aureus was isolated by complementation of the temperature-sensitive lgt mutant of E. coli (strain SK634) defective in LGT activity. In vivo and in vitro assays for prolipoprotein diacylglyceryl modification activity indicated that the complementing clone restored the prolipoprotein modification activity in the mutant strain. Sequence determination of the insert DNA revealed an open reading frame of 837 bp encoding a protein of 279 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 31.6 kDa. S. aureus LGT showed 24% identity and 47% similarity with E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Haemophilus influenzae LGT.S. aureus LGT, while 12 amino acids shorter than the E. coli enzyme, had a hydropathic profile and a predicted pI (10.4) similar to those of the E. coli enzyme. Multiple sequence alignment among E. coli, S. typhimurium, H. influenzae, and S. aureus LGT proteins revealed regions of highly conserved amino acid sequences throughout the molecule. Three independent lgt mutant alleles from E. coli SK634, SK635, and SK636 and one lgt allele from S. typhimurium SE5221, all defective in LGT activity at the nonpermissive temperature, were cloned by PCR and sequenced. The mutant alleles were found to contain a single base alteration resulting in the substitution of a conserved amino acid. The longest set of identical amino acids without any gap was H-103-GGLIG-108 in LGT from these four microorganisms. In E. coli lgt mutant SK634, Gly-104 in this region was mutated to Ser, and the mutant organism was temperature sensitive in growth and exhibited low LGT activity in vitro. Diethylpyrocarbonate inactivated the E. coli LGT with a second-order rate constant of 18.6 M-1S-1, and the inactivation of LGT activity was reversed by hydroxylamine at pH 7. The inactivation kinetics were consistent with the modification of a single residue, His or Tyr, essential for LGT activity.     

T细胞中IL-3基因表达调节的转录因子初探

主要利用凝胶迁移率试验和抗体超迁移试验,以ｈＩＬ－３基因５′侧翼含κＢ位点的序列为探针,探究ＮＦ－κＢ是否参与了ｈＩＬ－３基因的表达调节．结果表明,在Ｊｕｒｋａｔ细胞和人外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞中,都存在与此序列特异结合的可诱导蛋白;ＮＦ－κＢｐ６５亚基的单抗对ＤＮＡ－蛋白复合物的形成没有影响．这些结果揭示：正常细胞和肿瘤细胞中,确存在可特异识别ｈＩＬ－３基因５′侧翼的κＢ顺序的蛋白因子,而且该蛋白因子的表达是可诱导的;但ＮＦ－κＢ并未参与ＩＬ－３基因的表达调节．     

DNA断裂检测方法──单细胞凝胶电泳法

单细胞凝胶电泳(single cell gel electrophoresis assay,SCGE)也叫彗星试验(comet assay),是一种快速、敏感、简便、廉价的检测单个哺乳动物细胞DNA断裂的技术,目前已用于检测氧化、紫外线和电离辐射引起的损伤,以及三氯乙烷、丙烯酰胺等化学物及老化、吸烟所致损害的研究.文章介绍SCGE的发展、检测分析方法、原理及其在DNA损伤与修复、生物监测、遗传毒理研究、肿瘤治疗方案优化和疗效研究方面的应用前景．     

汉滩病毒包膜糖蛋白G1和G2重组杆状病毒表达载体的构建与表达及其免疫原性

将汉滩病毒（ＨＴＮＶ）Ｍ基因插入杆状病毒转移质粒ｐＡｃＹＭＩＢ多角体启动子下游附近,与Ｂｓｕ３６１酶切线性化的杆状病毒（ＡｃＶＥＰＡ）ＤＮＡ共同转染Ｓｆ９细胞,经空斑筛选获得了表达包膜糖蛋白（Ｇ１、Ｇ２）的重组杆状病毒（ＡｃｖＨａｎＭ）。经纯化ＡｃＶＨａｎＭＤＮＡ的Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｍｂｌｏｔ证实,Ｍ基因正确插入了杆状病毒基因组中。用抗糖蛋白混合单克隆抗体和病人血清做免疫荧光染色,观察到细小的特异性荧光颗粒,呈典型的核周分布。免疫荧光检测还证实,重组糖蛋白与９株抗糖蛋白单抗均起反应,提示重组糖蛋白的抗原位点分布与病毒毒粒糖蛋白相同或相似,用放射免疫沉淀（ＲＩＰ）分析仅显示Ｇ２带,且表达的Ｇ２分子量略小于病毒Ｇ２,这可能与两者的糖基化程度不同有关。研究还表明,重组糖蛋白具有细胞融合活性。     

Identification and expression analysis of cytokinin response regulators in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fragaria vesca</Emphasis>

Cytokinin response regulators (RRs) are important components of the two component signal systems, which are involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, and in the response to abiotic stress. In this study, 18 cytokinin RR genes were identified in Fragaria vesca through the genome-wide search. They were further classified into three types: type-A (FvRR1–7), type-B (FvRR8–14) and type-C (FvRR15–18) according to the domain architecture and the phylogeny. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that most cytokinin response regulators of F. vesca and Arabidopsis formed clear orthologous pairs. Expression patterns of the cytokinin FvRR genes in various tissues and organs at reproductive stages were detected in this study. Additionally, gene expression response patterns to ABA and abiotic stresses including high temperature and osmotic stress were investigated. The results showed that different types of cytokinin FvRRs have different expression patterns, suggesting the functional differentiation of cytokinin FvRRs during the evolution. This systematic study provides insights into possible functions of the cytokinin FvRR genes and a basis for further functional analysis.