Assessment of risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass surgery: a single-center retrospective cohort study

Aim: To find out risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and to provide basis for clinical prevention of POCD. A total of 88 patients who underwent CABG were surveyed with Telephone Questionnaire (TICS-M) for their cognitive impairment after 3, 7, 21, 90, 180 days post-surgery. The occurrence of POCD was diagnosed by Neuropsychological Battery which included Vocabular Learning Test (VLT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Trail Making Test (TMT) and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). The preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative risk factors were assessed by the χ² or t test. Multivariate analysis was used to study the correlation between the risk factors and the occurrence of POCD. Age, aortic plaque, carotid artery stenosis, cerebrovascular disease, anesthesia time, the rate of decline in intraoperative hemoglobin concentration (ΔHb) and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) score on postoperative day 2 had statistically significant (P<0.05) influence on the occurrence of POCD. Aortic plaque, carotid artery stenosis, anesthesia time and SIRS score (odds ratio (OR) value > 1, P<0.05) are the risk factors for POCD. The incidence of day-21 and -180 POCD was approximately 26.1 and 22.7%, respectively.     

Sensitivity of soil organic matter to climate and fire in a desert grassland

Biogeochemistry - Drylands contain a third of the organic carbon stored in global soils; however, the long-term dynamics of soil organic carbon in drylands remain poorly understood relative to...     

The role of exosomal microRNAs in central nervous system diseases

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - MicroRNAs (miRNA), endogenous non-coding RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides long, regulate gene expression by mediating translational inhibition or mRNA...     

History of safe exposure and bioinformatic assessment of phosphomannose-isomerase (PMI) for allergenic risk

Newly expressed proteins in genetically engineered crops are evaluated for potential cross reactivity to known allergens as part of their safety assessment. This assessment uses a weight-of-evidence approach. Two key components of this allergenicity assessment include any history of safe human exposure to the protein and/or the source organism from which it was originally derived, and bioinformatic analysis identifying amino acid sequence relatedness to known allergens. Phosphomannose-isomerase (PMI) has been expressed in commercialized genetically engineered (GE) crops as a selectable marker since 2010 with no known reports of allergy, which supports a history of safe exposure, and GE events expressing the PMI protein have been approved globally based on expert safety analysis. Bioinformatic analyses identified an eight-amino-acid contiguous match between PMI and a frog parvalbumin allergen (CAC83047.1). While short amino acid matches have been shown to be a poor predictor of allergen cross reactivity, most regulatory bodies require such matches be assessed in support of the allergenicity risk assessment. Here, this match is shown to be of negligible risk of conferring cross reactivity with known allergens.

     

2018年河南省肠道病毒环境监测结果分析

通过对2018年河南省环境污水中肠道病毒(Enterovirus,EV)的持续监测,了解河南省环境污水中脊灰病毒(PV)和非脊灰肠道病毒(NPEV)的血清型分布及流行情况.选取了河南省东、西、南、北、中部的五个城市,对每个城市有10万～30万人共同使用的下水管网的地区进行污水采样,每两个月采集1次,每次采集两份污水样品,采集持续1年,对污水样品进行浓缩,将浓缩液接种至RD细胞、L20B细胞和HEp-2细胞进行病毒分离.对病毒分离物进行VP1区核苷酸序列测定分析,采用最大似然法构建系统进化树对EV进行分子定型,并进行核苷酸相似性分析.共采集污水样品60份,分离到EV阳性毒株16株(26.67％),分别为8株CVB5、3株E7、3株E11、1株CVB5+E11混合株;1株PVIII;环境监测标本与急性弛缓性麻痹(Acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)病例标本,在济源市和周口市分离到的CVB5比例有一致性,郑州市和济源市分离到的E7比例有一致性;污水标本中阳性毒株的检出时间要早于AFP病例标本中同种毒株型别的检出时间1～3个月.来源于AFP病例监测和环境监测的CVB5之间的核苷酸相似性为94.7％～99.6％,来源于AFP病例监测和环境监测的E7之间的核苷酸相似性为92.5％～100.0％.来源于AFP病例监测和环境监测的CVB5属于同一个基因型,E7也是同一个基因型,甚至是同一个病毒传播链.河南省2018年建立了环境监测方法,是AFP病例监测的有益的补充,也可对人类肠道病毒病流行或暴发进行预测和预警.     

Sustainability of SARS-CoV-2 Induced Humoral Immune Responses in COVID-19 Patients from Hospitalization to Convalescence Over Six Months

Virologica Sinica - Understanding the persistence of antibody in convalescent COVID-19 patients may help to answer the current major concerns such as the risk of reinfection, the protection period...