131Ⅰ－McAbJH_（107）在载人肝癌BEL－7402裸鼠体内的放射免疫显像分析

用氯胺Ｔ碘标技术标记抗人肝癌单克隆抗体ＪＨ１０７（ＭｃＡｂＪＨ１０７）,观测其在载人肝癌ＢＥＬ７４０２裸鼠模型上的分布显像情况,氯胺Ｔ碘标法标记率５０％。每鼠腹腔注射２００Ｃｉ１３１Ⅰ－ＭｃＡｂＪＨ１０７,放射性物质第２４ｈ开始在肿瘤部位浓聚、逐步加强,９６ｈ达高峰,肿瘤组织较清楚显像并维持至１４８ｈ;同时周围组织放射性本底逐步减弱、消失。对照组１３１Ⅰ－ＮＩｇＧ呈全身均匀分布。无明显放射性物质浓聚及清楚显像。在４８ｈ和９６ｈ,１３１Ⅰ－ＭｃＡｂＪＨ１０７在１２种正常组织（脑除外）的Ｔ／ＮＴ均值分别为３．３８和６．２６,而１３１Ⅰ－ＮＩｇＧ的Ｔ／ＮＴ均值均低于１．０。     

T cell epitope-based peptide-DNA dual vaccine induces protective immunity against Schistosoma japonicum infection in C57BL/6J mice

Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem that primarily affects developing countries. Although schistosomicidal drugs exist, the development of an efficacious vaccine would potentially be the most powerful means of controlling this disease. Previous studies have shown that vaccination with selected protective epitopes successfully induced partial protection and/or reduced female fecundity in animal models. Thus, we investigated whether the T cell epitope P5 from the host-interactive tegument of Schistosoma japonicum 22.6 (S. japonicum) could act as a protective epitope. The protective potential of P5 in a vaccine against S. japonicum was determined by using a T cell epitope based peptide-DNA dual vaccine (PDDV). In our experiments, the vaccine construct (P5-18K-PDDV) contains the peptide of the T cell epitope (P5) and plasmid DNA, encoding P5 and adjuvant GM-CSF. We show that P5-18K-PDDV induced both cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in vivo and achieved partial protection against S. japonicum infection in C57BL/6J mice. Histopathological studies reveal that P5-18K-PDDV immunized mice had substantially reduced liver pathology compared to the control groups. Together, these results suggest that P5 could be used as a vaccine immunogen for both worm killing and disease prevention against S. japonicum.     

Development of GRAS strains for nutraceutical production using systems and synthetic biology approaches: advances and prospects

Nutraceuticals are food substances with medical and health benefits for humans. Limited by complicated procedures, high cost, low yield, insufficient raw materials, resource waste, and environment pollution, chemical synthesis and extraction are being replaced by microbial synthesis of nutraceuticals. Many microbial strains that are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) have been identified and developed for the synthesis of nutraceuticals, and significant nutraceutical production by these strains has been achieved. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances in nutraceutical research in terms of physiological effects on health, potential applications, drawbacks of traditional production processes, characteristics of production strains, and progress in microbial fermentation. Recent advances in systems and synthetic biology techniques have enabled comprehensive understanding of GRAS strains and its wider applications. Thus, these microbial strains are promising cell factories for the commercial production of nutraceuticals.     

猪bmp15基因报告载体的构建及其特异性

为了研究骨形态发生蛋白15(bmp15)基因的表达和调控特性,通过克隆猪bmp15基因2.2 kb启动子片段,构建pBMP15-EGFP报告载体,实现监测干细胞向类卵母细胞分化的过程。以猪卵巢组织和中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)、成肌细胞(C2C12)、猪羊水干细胞(pAFSC)为材料,通过RT-PCR、免疫荧光、细胞转染、显微注射检测bmp15组织特异性表达,并且通过单层细胞诱导检测该基因体外示踪类卵母细胞获得过程的能力。RT-PCR结果显示bmp15在猪的卵巢组织中特异表达,在CHO中表达,而在C2C12和pAFSC中不表达。卵巢组织切片免疫荧光检测结果显示bmp15表达于卵泡发育的各个阶段。瞬时转染不同细胞发现启动子只在CHO中有活性,而在C2C12和pAFSC中均无活性。显微注射重组质粒片段结果显示增强绿色荧光蛋白(Enhanced Green Fluorecence Protein,EGFP)在卵母细胞体外成熟18 h启动表达,并能够持续至4-细胞期胚胎。单层细胞诱导结果显示诱导12 d的pAFSC出现携带EGFP的圆形细胞团。说明bmp15具有表达特异性和示踪干细胞诱导分化为类卵母细胞的潜能。     

恒细胞密度发酵策略提高重组毕赤酵母生产碱性果胶酶的表达效率

为了提高重组毕赤酵母生产碱性果胶酶(Alkaline polygalacturonate lyase,PGL)的比速率,开发了一种新的恒细胞密度发酵策略。通过不同的甲醇流加方式,实现发酵过程细胞密度的合理控制。实验结果表明:控制细胞密度为75 g/L的策略为最优,最终单位发酵液体积生产强度和单位菌体生产强度为6.11 U/(mL.h)和81.5 U/(g.h),分别比传统高密度发酵提高了42.1%和191.2%,最终PGL酶活为441.9 U/mL。此外,该策略还具有提高细胞活性和降低蛋白酶降解作用等优势。     

The red turpentine beetle, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dendroctonus valens</Emphasis> LeConte (Scolytidae): an exotic invasive pest of pine in China

An exotic invasive pest of pines, the red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Scolytidae) (RTB), was first detected in Shanxi Province, northern China, in 1998 and started causing widespread tree mortality there in 1999. This outbreak continues and has spread to three adjacent provinces, causing unprecedented tree mortality. Although it is considered a minor pest of pines in North America, RTB has proven to be an aggressive and destructive pest of Pinus tabuliformis, China’s most widely planted pine species. The bionomics and occurrence, distribution, response to host volatiles, and host preference of this pine beetle in China are compared with what is known of the beetle in its native range in North America. Factors likely contributing to D. valens success in China and control of the beetle outbreak are discussed. (−)-β-pinene was shown to be the most attractive host volatile for D. valens from the Sierra Nevada of California, whereas 3-(+)-carene is the most attractive host volatile for beetles in China. Monocultures of Pinus tabuliformis, several consecutive years of drought conditions and warm winters have apparently factored D. valens invasion and establishment in China.     

海狸鼠生理生化和血液流变学常值的测定

１材料与方法１１动物来源１９９５年１２月从新疆农业大学经济动物养殖场精选成年、健康、活泼海狸鼠（Ｍｙｏｃａｓｔｏｒｃｏｙｐｕｓ）３５只,待其安静后,用矫正后的半导体点温度计测肛温。１２采血、保定心脏采血８ｍｌ,一部分用肝素抗凝（７０～１００ＩＵ...