Study of bone remodeling of two models of femoral cementless stems by means of DEXA and finite elements

Background  

A hip replacement with a cemented or cementless femoral stem produces an effect on the bone called adaptive remodelling, attributable to mechanical and biological factors. All of the cementless prostheses designs try to achieve an optimal load transfer in order to avoid stress-shielding, which produces an osteopenia.     

Design of splints based on the NiTi alloy for the correction of joint deformities in the fingers

Background  

The proximal interphalange joint (PIP) is fundamental for the functional nature of the hand. The contracture in flexion of the PIP, secondary to traumatisms or illnesses leads to an important functional loss. The use of correcting splints is the common procedure for treating this problem. Its functioning is based on the application of a small load and a prolonged stress which can be dynamic, static progressive or static serial.     

金铁锁的一个新三萜成分

金铁锁(Psammosilene tunicoides W.C.Wu et C.Y.Wu)系石竹科金铁锁属单一种植物,产于我国西南部。该植物为传统中药,具止血、止痛、活血等多种功效。其根部富含皂甙成分,有镇痛、抗炎和抑菌等生理活性。我们曾报道了将其根中提取的粗皂甙酸性水解后,分离到的六个齐墩果酸型三萜皂甙元。本文报道从中分离到的另一新三萜成分:3-hydroxy-12,14-diene-27-nordeane-28-nic acid。     

与TaFRA蛋白相互作用候选蛋白的筛选

F-box蛋白是E3泛素连接酶SCF复合体的重要亚基, 通过底物蛋白的特异识别发挥功能。TaFRA是在盐胁迫差异表达片段基础上通过RACE方法获得的一个基因, 编码F-box蛋白。文章利用TaFRA基因构建诱饵表达载体, 直接用cDNA+pGAD+pBD共转化酵母双杂交的方法筛选相互作用的候选蛋白。通过对阳性克隆的鉴定和测序分析, 共获得44个与TaFRA相互作用的候选蛋白, 其中32个为已知蛋白, 包括硫氧还蛋白、金属硫蛋白、ATP合成酶及丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶等多种逆境胁迫反应蛋白及转录因子蛋白, 说明TaFRA与胁迫反应相关, 可能通过对上述蛋白编码基因的调控参与了植物的胁迫反应过程, 为进一步阐明TaFRA的功能及作用机制奠定了理论基础。     

糖尿病急性并发症合并横纹肌溶解患者临床特征及预后

目的:分析糖尿病急性并发症患者合并横纹肌溶解的临床特征及预后,为临床及时诊断和治疗提供依据。方法:对我院2003年1月～2009年5月住院患者查阅病例资料,糖尿病酮症酸中毒及高血糖高渗状态患者根据肌酸激酶升高与否,分为血清肌酸激酶升高组(A组)和血清肌酸激酶正常组(B组),比较两组临床特征及预后。结果:A、B两组比较,A组较B组血清尿素氮、肌酐、肌红蛋白明显升高,住院时间明显延长,但出院时A组较B组每天每公斤胰岛素剂量减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组中3例患者血清肌酸激酶大于1000U/L,符合横纹肌溶解综合征诊断标准。结论:糖尿病酮酸中毒及高血糖高渗状态患者应重视肌酶检查,早期诊断横纹肌溶解综合征,保护肾脏和胰岛β细胞功能,缩短住院时间。     

茶皂素生产工艺及其应用的研究进展

本文综述了天然非离子表面活性剂茶皂素的生产工艺以及在实际中的应用 ,并就目前的生产和使用情况提出了一些看法和需要解决的问题。     

琥珀酸脱氢酶或琥珀酰辅酶A合成酶缺失促进大肠杆菌积累5-氨基乙酰丙酸

5-氨基乙酰丙酸 (ALA) 是生物体内四吡咯类化合物的合成前体,在农业及医药领域应用广泛,是极具开发价值的高附加值生物基化学品。目前利用外源C4途径的重组大肠杆菌发酵生产ALA的研究主要利用LB培养基并添加葡萄糖和琥珀酸、甘氨酸等合成前体,成本较高。琥珀酸在C4途径中以琥珀酰辅酶A的形式直接参与ALA的合成。文中在以葡萄糖为主要碳源的无机盐培养基中研究了琥珀酰辅酶A下游代谢途径琥珀酸脱氢酶编码基因sdhAB和琥珀酰辅酶A合成酶编码基因sucCD缺失对ALA积累的影响。与仅表达异源ALA合成酶的对照菌株相比,sdhAB和sucCD缺失菌株ALA的产量分别提高了25.59%和12.40%,且ALA的积累不依赖于琥珀酸的添加和LB培养基的使用,从而大幅降低了生产成本,显示出良好的工业应用前景。     

Alcohol Use and Subsequent Sex among HIV-Infected Patients in an Ethnic Minority Area of Yunnan Province,China

Objective

To examine alcohol use and subsequent HIV risky behaviors among a sample of predominately ethnic minority people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in a rural community in Yunnan Province, China.

Method

A cross-sectional study with a face-to-face questionnaire interview was conducted among eligible participants.

Results

In total, 455 (94.4%) out of 482 eligible HIV patients participated in the study. Of them, 82.6% were ethnic minorities; 15.4% were never married; 96.5% were sexually experienced; 55.4% had used drugs, 67% were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Over 65% were ever drinkers; of whom 61.5% were current drinkers. Among current drinkers, 32.4% drank daily and 41.2% were hazardous drinkers. Chinese white wine was the preferred choice. Higher level of alcohol use among drinkers in the preceding month was positively associated with being males (OR = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.03–7.43), ethnic minorities (OR _Jingpo = 2.21, 95%CI: 1.06–4.59; OR _{other minorities} = 3.20, 95%CI: 1.34–7.62), higher education (OR_1–6 = 1.98, 95%CI: 0.99–3.96; OR_≥7 = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.09–5.06) and being ART-naive (OR = 2.69, 95%CI: 1.67–4.32). About 39% of ever drinkers reported having engaged in sex after drinking since HIV diagnosis. Those who were younger than 46 years (OR_16–25 = 7.77, 95%CI: 1.22–49.60, OR_26–35 = 2.79, 95%CI: 1.06–7.35, OR_36–45 = 2.96, 95%CI: 1.57–7.58), hazardous drinkers (OR = 1.99, 95%CI: 1.00–3.97) and drug users (OR = 3.01, 95%CI: 1.19–7.58) were more likely to have had sex after drinking. Approximately 56% of drug users had used drugs after drinking.

Conclusions

High prevalence of alcohol use and subsequent risky behaviors including sexual engagement and drug use among HIV patients in rural Yunnan require tremendous and integrated efforts for prevention and control of alcohol and drug abuse and HIV spreading.     

巢湖叶绿素a浓度的时空分布及其与氮、磷浓度关系

基于巢湖水体2002~2007年水质监测资料,对叶绿素a浓度的分布、动态及与TN、TP的关系进行了统计分析。巢湖叶绿素a浓度与TN、TP的浓度分布存在明显的空间差异,西半湖叶绿素a浓度全年高于20μg/L,TN为1.94~3.84mg/L,TP为0.20~0.42mg/L;东半湖叶绿素a浓度全年小于5.5μg/L,TN为0.95~1.83mg/L,TP为0.08~0.14mg/L。在东半湖,叶绿素a含量与TN呈不明显的正线性关系,当TP浓度较低时,叶绿素a随TP的增加小幅上升,但是当TP>0.15mg/L时,叶绿素a随TP的增加而明显上升;在西半湖,当水体TN<5.8mg/L或者TP<2.0mg/L时,叶绿素a含量与TN、TP关系为正线性关系,当TN在5.8~9.4mg/L或者TP介于0.2~0.3mg/L间时,叶绿素a含量与TN、TP关系为不显著的负线性关系,当TP浓度>0.3mg/L时,叶绿素a含量与TP关系又为正线性关系。西半湖叶绿素a浓度的变化可能是藻类生物活动与沉积物及水体中营养盐的相互作用结果。在治理巢湖富营养化时,应优先控制西半湖的磷元素。     

2-氧代-4-苯基丁酸乙酯还原酶产生菌筛选及产酶条件

研究了利用生物催化不对称还原的方法制备(R)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁酸乙酯[(R)-HPBE]。以2-氧代-4-苯基丁酸乙酯(OPBE)为底物,通过对实验室保藏菌株进行筛选,得到一株产物立体选择性较高的菌株G2ndida krusei SW2026,并对其发酵产酶条件进行研究。其最适的发酵培养基组成为4.5%葡萄糖,3%蛋白胨,1.5%牛肉膏,0.05%Mn~(2+);适宜的产酶发酵条件为初始pH 6.0,温度28℃,摇床转速180 r/min,发酵周期48 h。将此条件下发酵培养的菌体用于OPBE的不对称还原反应,产物(R)-HPBE的对映体过量值(e.e.)可达97.33%,产率最高达到72.54%。