藻蓝蛋白抑制人结肠癌SW480细胞增殖的初步研究

目的研究藻蓝蛋白对人结肠癌SW480细胞的体外抑瘤作用,为进一步探讨藻蓝蛋白抑制肿瘤的机制提供依据。方法用不同浓度的藻蓝蛋白处理结肠癌SW480细胞后,应用MTT实验来检测藻蓝蛋白对细胞增殖的抑制作用并计算出半数抑制率,利用HE染色法和电镜技术观察凋亡细胞形态结构,采用流式细胞术分析其对SW480细胞周期的影响。结果 MTT试验证明藻蓝蛋白能够抑制SW480细胞的增殖,且呈时间和剂量依赖性;HE染色以及电镜的观察结果显示藻蓝蛋白能够诱导SW480细胞的凋亡,流式细胞术显示SW480细胞被阻滞在G2/M期,G0/G1期细胞比例降低。结论藻蓝蛋白在体外能够抑制结肠癌SW480细胞的增殖,具有可开发人结肠癌治疗光敏剂应用前景。     

Mutations in AP22.65 accelerate flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana

Identification of the gene(s) responsible for flowering time in Arabidopsis has significant implications. We used the T-DNA insertion library of Arabidopsis thaliana to screen an early-flowering mutant that exhibits accelerated flowering under short-day conditions. AP22.65, a novel flowering-time gene in that species, was isolated and identified via genome-walking and bioinformatics analysis. The flowering time of AP22.65-complementing plants was similar to that of the Col-0 wild type (WT). Conversely, its overexpression delayed flowering. Consistent with this phenotype, expression of AP22.65 was decreased in the ap22.65-1 mutant, recovered in AP22.65-complementing plants, and increased in AP22.65-overexpressing plants. Compared with the WT, expression levels of critical genes in different flowering pathways, i.e., SPY, FLC, GI, CO, FT, and LFY, were down-regulated in loss-of-function mutants. Expression of AP22.65 was distributed in flowers, siliques, rosette leaves, and whole seedlings. Therefore, this gene may be a negative regulator of Arabidopsis flowering.     

乌兰布和沙漠东北部8种沙生灌木生长季末期的光合生理特性

以乌兰布和沙漠东北部的甘蒙柽柳、沙木蓼、霸王、沙冬青、花棒、白刺、梭梭和柠条8种沙生灌木为材料,对沙生灌木生长季末期的光合生理特性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)8种沙生灌木秋季的气孔导度日变化有明显的峰谷;气孔导度日均值最大的为梭梭(0.71 mol.m-2.s-1),最小的为柠条(0.08 mol.m-2.s-1);(2)8种沙生灌木秋季的光合速率日变化均呈现单峰曲线,影响光合速率变化的因素以非气孔限制因素为主;光合速率峰值出现时间以柠条最早(11:30),甘蒙柽柳和沙木蓼最晚(15:30);光合速率日均值最大的为沙木蓼(7.99μmol.m-2.s-1),最小的为柠条(3.40μmol.m-2.s-1);(3)蒸腾速率的日变化除梭梭和柠条呈现单峰曲线外,其余6种灌木呈现出准双峰曲线或双峰曲线;蒸腾速率日均值最大的为梭梭(4.42 mmol.m-2.s-1),最小的为柠条(0.47mmol.m-2.s-1);气孔运动因素对蒸腾作用的影响占据优势;(4)8种沙生灌木的光合水分利用效率在白昼普遍高于早晚,且以柠条的光合水分利用效率日均值最大(7.18μmol.mmol-1),梭梭最小(1.23μmol.mmol-1);蒸腾速率日均值高的沙生灌木光合水分利用效率日均值低,反之亦然。     

LC-MS/MS分析人支气管上皮细胞与烟曲霉共培养模型中胶霉毒素的含量

目的：采用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）分析人支气管上皮细胞与烟曲霉共培养模型中胶霉毒素的含量。方法建立人支气管上皮细胞与烟曲霉共培养模型并于不同时间段检测共培养模型中胶霉毒素的含量。以支气管上皮细胞单独培养为对照组,分别于12h、24h、36h收集对照组、AF293（烟曲霉标准株）共培养组、AFB5233WT（烟曲霉野生株）及AFB5233ΔGlip（烟曲霉胶霉毒素基因敲除株）共培养组细胞培养上清液,采用LC-MS/MS检测胶霉毒素的含量。结果共培养模型中胶霉毒素水平随培养时间增加而逐渐升高（P〈005）,胶霉毒素回收率为687%~726%。结论该方法快速、灵敏、结果准确,适用于测定人支气管上皮细胞与烟曲霉共培养模型中胶霉毒素的含量。     

Selenium-rich dissolved organic matter determines selenium uptake in wheat grown on Low-selenium arable land soils

Aims

The study aimed to find soil parameters that are best related to Se plant uptake for low Se soils with predominantly organic Se, and to explore the mechanisms that control Se bioavailability in the soils under study.

Methods

A pot experiment using nineteen soil samples taken from different fields of arable land (potato fields) in the Netherlands was conducted on summer wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Selenium in wheat shoots and soil parameters, including basic soil properties, C:N ratio, inorganic selenite content, and Se and organic C in different soil extractions (0.01 M CaCl₂, 0.43 M HNO₃, hot water, ammonium oxalate, aqua regia) were analysed. Regression analysis was performed to identify soil parameters that determine Se content in wheat shoots.

Results

The regression model shows that Se:DOC ratio in 0.01 M CaCl₂ soil extraction explained about 88 % of the variability of Se uptake in wheat shoots. Selenium uptake increased with Se:DOC ratio in CaCl₂ extraction, which can be interpreted as a measure of the content of soluble Se-rich organic molecules. Selenium:DOC ratio in CaCl₂ extraction and Se uptake increased towards higher soil pH and lower soil C:N ratio. The soil C:N ratio is also negatively correlated to Se:organic C ratio in other extractions (0.43 M HNO₃, hot water, ammonium oxalate, aqua regia), indicating that at low soil C:N ratio soil organic matter is richer in Se. Contrarily, the soil pH is positively and strongly correlated to Se:organic C ratio in CaCl₂ and hot water extractions, but only weakly correlated to Se:organic C ratio in other extractions.

Conclusions

Selenium-rich dissolved organic matter is the source of bioavailable Se in low Se soils with predominantly organic Se. The soil pH and quality of soil organic matter (i.e. soil C:N ratio) are the main soil properties determining Se bioavailability in these soil types.

     

GABAB 受体变构剂药学研究进展

Y-氨基丁酸B受体(GABAB receptor,GABABR)是最具有药理学意义的药物靶点之一,具有复杂而精细的激活机制.传统的GABABR靶点药物开发集中于激动剂和拮抗剂,这类药物受到多种因素的制约,包括较强的副作用、药物代谢困难、机体耐药性明显等.变构剂结合于正构位点之外,能够调节GABABR异源二聚体亚基或结构域间的相互作用.正向变构剂(positive allosteric modulators,PAMs)和负向变构剂(negative allosteric modulators,NAMs)分别可以提高或降低GABABR的活性,并具有较高的特异性和药物安全性,同时还能够保持GABABR信号在时间和空间上的可控性.变构剂为GABABR靶点药物开发提供了新思路.     

盐胁迫对4树种叶片中K^＋和Na^＋的影响及其耐盐能力的评价

通过盆栽试验,对我国南方银杏（Ginkgo biloba L.)、侧柏[Patycladus orentalis(L.)Franco]、火炬松（Pinus taeda L.)和剌槐(Robinia Pseudoacacia L.)4造林树种苗木叶片中K^ 、N^ 浓度浓度和N^ ／K^ 比进行测定,盐处理水平为0.0％（CK）、0.1%、0.3%和0.5％。随着盐浓度的提高,各树种叶片中Na^ 浓度和N^ ／K^ 有逐渐升高的趋势,但K^ 浓度变化较小;随着盐胁迫时间的推移,各树种叶片中Na^ 、K^ 浓度和Na^ /K^ 比都没有明显的变化规律。方差分析和多层比较表明,侧柏、火炬松和剌槐叶片中Na^ 、K^ 浓度和N^ ／K^ 比在4组处理间的差异均达显著或极显著水平。4树种中剌槐和侧柏的耐盐能力最强,银杏次之,火炬松最弱。     

Angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis activity of Chinese medicinal herbal extracts

The aqueous extracts of 24 herbs traditionally used as curing ischemic heart disease in clinic in China were screened for their in vitro angiogenic activity, another twenty-four traditionally used as anti-tumor or anti-inflammatory remedies in China were screened for their in vitro anti-angiogenic activity. The activity of angiogenesis was determined by quantitation of vessels on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model and cell proliferation of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs). Among the herbal extracts examined, the aqueous extracts of Epimedium sagittatum, Trichosanthes kirilowii and Dalbergia odorifera showed the strong angiogenetic activity both in CAM and BAECs models; and the aqueous extracts of Berberis paraspecta, Catharanthus roseus, Coptis chinensis, Taxus chinensis, Scutellaria baicalensis, Polygonum cuspidatum and Scrophularia ningpoensis elicited significant inhibition at a concentration of 1g dry herb /ml.