管花马兜铃化学成分的研究

从管花马兜铃中分得马兜铃酸-A,7-甲氧基马兜铃酸-A,马兜铃内酰胺-β-D-葡萄糖甙,尿囊素和Eupomatenoid-7。     

用双相电泳技术分析棉酚对大鼠成熟精子蛋白质组成的影响

本文首次将双相电泳(等电聚焦和SDS电泳)技术应用于对棉酚作用机理的研究。实验结果表明,棉酚能够改变大鼠成熟精子的蛋白质组成;同时也证明,双相电泳这一技术对棉酚的研究是有效的。     

Conversion of a primary amine to a labeled secondary amine by the addition of phenolic group and radioiodination

To preserve the nucleophilicity of amino compounds during conjugative radioiodination, a new method for converting primary amines to phenolic secondary amines was developed. Amino acids were used as model compounds for establishing optimal conditions for the reductive amination. In the first step of the reaction, the aldehyde group of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (formylphenol) was reacted reversibly with an amino group to form an imine. The irreversible attachment of formylphenol to the amino group was accomplished by reduction of the imine with sodium cyanoborohydride. The pH optimum for the reaction was 5.0. Higher temperature has favorable effects on the rate and extent of the conjugation. Phenolic derivatives of amino compounds suitable for radioiodination are produced by the reactions described.     

Genetic characterization of mouse immunoglobulin allotypic determinants (allotopes) defined by monoclonal antibodies

We have generated a new series of monoclonal antibodies recognizing allotypic determinants on mouse IgG₁, IgG_2a, and IgG_2b. In this communication we describe their reactivities with immunoglobulins of the inbred mouse strains. Comparison with serology charts indicates that many of these monoclonal antibodies detect allotypic specificities previously defined by conventional antisera; others define previously undescribed specificities. Strain and isotype distribution allows us to assign five new allotypic specificities to Igh-1 and three new specificities to Igh-3. In addition, on the basis of reactivity with the monoclonal antibodies, we have defined a new Igh haplotype in SWR/J mice, Igh ^p.Abbreviations used in this paper Igh immunoglobulin heavy chain - SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate     

The isolation and properties of phenylalanine hydroxylase from human liver

Phenylalanine hydroxylase was prepared from human foetal liver and purified 800-fold; it appeared to be essentially pure. The phenylalanine hydroxylase activity of the liver was confined to a single protein of mol.wt. approx. 108000, but omission of a preliminary filtration step resulted in partial conversion into a second enzymically active protein of mol.wt. approx. 250000. Human adult and full-term infant liver also contained a single phenylalanine hydroxylase with molecular weights and kinetic parameters the same as those of the foetal enzyme; foetal, newborn and adult phenylalanine hydroxylase are probably identical. The K(m) values for phenylalanine and cofactor were respectively one-quarter and twice those found for rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase. As with the rat enzyme, human phenylalanine hydroxylase acted also on p-fluorophenylalanine, which was inhibitory at high concentrations, and p-chlorophenylalanine acted as an inhibitor competing with phenylalanine. Iron-chelating and copper-chelating agents inhibited human phenylalanine hydroxylase. Thiol-binding reagents inhibited the enzyme but, as with the rat enzyme, phenylalanine both stabilized the human enzyme and offered some protection against these inhibitors. It is hoped that isolation of the normal enzyme will further the study of phenylketonuria.     

Identification and genetic control of starch-degrading enzymes in maize endosperm

Three starch-degrading enzymes from liquid endosperm of maize have been separated by means of horizontal acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The three enzymes are tentatively identified as -amylase (zone 1), -amylase (zone 2), and -glucan phosphorylase (zone 3). Electrophoretic variants of these enzymes were found among ten inbred strains examined. Results of genetic crosses with respect to zone 2 amylase show that it is controlled by a pair of alleles (Amy-2 ^A and Amy-2 ^B) acting without dominance. It further appears that Amy-2 and Ct (catalase) are linked with 5% recombination frequency.This work was supported by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, under contract No. AT(11-1)-1338.     

钾营养对水稻光合器功能的效应与谷粒产量的影响

水稻广陆矮四号和威优35盆栽试验的结果表明,施钾使叶绿体内基粒增多,Hill反应及光合磷酸化活力增强。分蘖末期在叶绿体反应液中添加KCl也可提高非环式光合磷酸化活力。适量施钾降低量子需要量可能与上述效应有关。钾使叶片超微结构改善:乳突大而多;硅化程度明显增加,故叶片更直立。叶水势及净光合率提高,两者呈直线正相关。灌桨期剑叶净光合率与谷粒产量呈直线正相关。     

狭叶花椒化学成分研究Ⅰ.Yangambin的分离鉴定

从芸香科(Rutaceae)花椒属植物抉叶花椒(Zanthoxylum stenophyllum Hemsl.)根皮中分到一种木脂体,通过MS、IR、UV、NMR、DEPT和双共振技术,确定其结构为(IR,2S,5R,6S)-2,6-Bis(3,4,5-trime-thoxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxan-bicyclo[3,3,0]Octane.即Yangambin。     

用试管-玻片培养技术研究铵对木麻黄根瘤形成的影响

用植物试管玻片培养技术研究NH_4~ 对细枝木麻黄及Frankia菌株Co01共生体系建立过程的影响。NH_4~ (100,150ppm(NH_4)_2SO_4)通过阻止菌株Cc01与其宿主细枝木麻黄根毛壁的亲和作用来影响结瘤。但NH_4~ 不能阻抑菌株Cc01中结瘤基因pel和cel的表达及纤维素酶和果胶酶活性,且菌丝一旦侵入宿主皮层细胞,并形成根瘤原基及前根瘤,则NH_4~ (250ppm(NH_4)_2SO_4)就不再阻止原基进一步发育为成熟的根瘤。但在这种情况下,NH_4~ 能抑制根瘤的固氮活性。