玉米根细胞中对钒酸盐敏感的H~＋－泵的研究

用奎吖咽（ｑｕｉｎａｃｒｉｎｅ）作荧光指标剂,测定玉米（ＺｅａｍａｙｓＬ．）根尖微粒体（ＭＩＣ）膜囊泡的Ｈ~＋－泵活性,结果表明１ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＮ_３仅抑制该泵活性约８％,而０．８ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ钒酸盐（Ｖａｎ）则可抑制其活性达８０％,说明ＭＩＣ制剂中Ｈ~＋－泵活性主要由质膜（ＰＭ）Ｈ~＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ产生。此泵活性严格需要Ｍｇ~（２＋）,二价阳离子作用大小的顺序为Ｍｇ~（２＋）＞Ｍｎ~（２＋）＞Ｚｎ~（２＋）＞Ｃａ~（２＋）＝０;阴离子作用大小的１顺序为Ｂｒ~－＞Ｃｌ~－＞ＮＯ_３~－＞ＳＯ_４~（２－）,并初步证实当质膜同侧发生电子传递时,没有跨膜Ｈ~＋梯度（△μＨ~＋）生成。     

Optimal door fitting with systematic fixture adjustment

A systematic approach is presented to obtain the best door gap quality through optimal door fitting in automobile body manufacturing. First, three indexes of gap quality are defined; they are: (1) door gap width deviation relative to design nominal; (2) door gap parallelism; and (3) car-to-car gap consistency. Then the door-fitting problem is formulated into a general constrained optimization problem. The effects of optimal door fitting on the three quality indexes are evaluated through computer simulation. These results provide a lower bound on the design of nominal door gap by considering process capability. Finally, a computer-aided fixture adjustment scheme is developed to orient a door in a body side opening to achieve the optimal fitting. The amount of adjustment, with the desired orientation obtained from optimization, is calculated based on parametrically modeled local surface features of the fixture and the door. The adequacy of door feature modeling is verified through a door-fitting experiment.     

人血红细胞酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酶（PTPP）的研究Ⅱ·胞浆PTPP的分离纯化及其主要性质

人血红细胞胞浆部分经（ＮＨ_４）_２ＳＯ_４沉淀,ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素（ＤＥ５２）柱层析,磷酸纤维素柱层析（Ｐ１１）得到部分纯化的ＰＴＰＰ,产率：５．７％,提纯１０７５倍。以（３２）￣Ｐ－Ｔｙｒ－Ｐｏｌｙ（Ｇ_４：Ｔ）作底物,测得其表征Ｋｍ约为０．５－０．８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,该酶的最适ｐＨ和最适温度分别为７．０－７．８及３７－４０℃。Ｚｎ￣（２＋）等二价金属离子及Ｎａ_３ＶＯ_４等酸根基团对其活性有明显的抑制作用;ＥＤＴＡ、甘油及ＤＴＴ、巯基乙醇等则对其有强烈激活作用;而氟化物、酒石酸等对ＰＴＰＰ活性基本无影响。此外,某些蛋白质、氨基酸、核苷酸及抗肿瘤药物等对ＰＴＰＰ活性也都有不同程度的影响。特别是一些ＰＫｓ及ＰＰｓ在体外对ＰＴＰＰ活性也具有不同的作用。     

人血红细胞蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶（PTPP）的研究Ⅰ·PTPP在红细胞胞浆和膜中的分布及其影响因素

通过测定红细胞胞浆及膜中的ＰＴＰＰ活性,发现人正常血红细胞中胞浆ＰＴＰＰ活性约占红细胞ＰＴＰＰ总活性的７０－８０％,膜中只有约２０－３０％的ＰＴＰＰ活性。很多因素诸如：病变、ＰＨ值、温度、离子强度、细胞贮存时间以及药物等,对ＰＴＰＰ在胞浆与膜中的分布有影响。可以推测：膜上的ＰＴＰＰ能通过某种机制解离下来,进入胞浆;相反的过程,胞浆中的ＰＴＰＰ也能通过某种机制与膜结合。这种偶联与去偶联的具体机制及其生理功能还有待进一步探索。     

Fed-batch cultivation of recombinant escherichia coli JM103 and production of the fusion protein SPA::EcoRI in a 60-L working volume airlift tower loop reactor

SPA::EcoRI fusion protein was produced by Escherichia coli JM103 carrying the multicopy expression plasmid pMTC48, the multicopy repressor plasmid pRK248, and the multicopy protection plasmid pEcoR4 in a 60-L working volume airlift tower loop reactor on M9 minimal medium with glucose. Cell mass concentration, total cell count, number of colony-forming units, specific growth rate, yield coefficient, and metabolite (acetate, pyruvate, succinate, lactate, ethanol) concentrations were monitored during the growth phase and gene expression. Gene expression was induced by temperature shift or chemically by isopropyl-thiogalactosidase in the airlift tower loop reactor (ALTR) at constant cultivation time and in a small stirred tank reactor at different cultivation times. During induction, the cultivation medium was supplemented with concentrated Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. The intracellular enzyme activity was evaluated as a function of the time after the start of the induction. It was found that the reduction of the glucose concentration and increase of the dissolved oxygen concentration reduced the acetate produced and increased the intracellular enzyme activity. (c) 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

盐酸胍诱导的α淀粉酶去折叠与再折叠

利用蛋白质内源荧光和酶活性两种信号以及荧光偏振,HPLC和停流等方法研究了盐酸胍诱导的α淀粉酶去折叠与重折叠的平衡转变和动力学。实验结果表明α淀粉酶去折叠与重折叠是两个不同的过程;变性与复性过程中可能伴有聚集体生成;去折叠与重折叠均为双相过程,重折叠大约始于2秒之后。     

Redescription of the Chengjiang arthropod Squamacula clypeata Hou and Bergström, from the Lower Cambrian, south-west China

The anatomy of the arthropod Squamacula clypeata Hou and Bergström, 1997 from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagersta¨tte is redescribed based on four newly excavated specimens. The new material was collected from localities recently discovered in the Kunming area, Yunnan Province, south-west China, and preserves remarkable details of the ventral morphology, revealed by preparation. Squamacula clypeata is dorsoventrally flattened and rounded in outline. The cephalon was covered by a wide, short shield, with a large doublure and a pair of uniramous antennae on the ventral side. The thorax consists of nine somites, each protected by a tergite and carrying at least one pair of biramous limbs. The pygidium is covered with a small rounded tergum. The endopod is segmented, equipped with short spines on the inner margin of the coxa and a claw-like structure distally, and the exopod flap-like, fringed with setae. The limbs in the pygidium are like those in the thorax in shape. Squamacula was most probably a nektobenthic predator. The spinose endopod could walk, grasp and grind. The large flap-like exopod was adapted for swimming and respiration. Its affinities lie with the Arachnomorpha, but the relationships with other known taxa remain ambiguous.     

Subcellular localization of IRS-1 in cell proliferation and differentiation.

The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) and its docking protein, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), play important roles in cell transformation, cell differentiation and aging. IRS-1 and other IRS proteins can, under certain conditions, localize to the nuclei of cells, where they undergo interactions with nuclear and nucleolar proteins. In this study, we confirm and extend these observations, demonstrating that IRS-1 is preferentially nuclear in growing cells. Differentiation and inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis cause subcellular redistribution of IRS-1 and other nuclear proteins to the cytoplasm.     

A Wuchiapingian (Late Permian) brachiopod fauna from an exotic block in the Indus–Tsangpo suture zone, southern Tibet, and its palaeobiogeographical and tectonic implications

A brachiopod fauna including 19 species of 17 genera from an exotic block in the Indus–Tsangpo suture zone in southern Tibet is described and illustrated. The brachiopod fauna is dominated by Martinia elegans and two new taxa: Jinomarginifera lhazeensis gen. et sp. nov. and Zhejiangospirifer giganteus sp. nov. The fauna is closely comparable with those from the middle and upper parts of the Wargal Formation and the Chhidru Formation in the Salt Range of Pakistan, the Chitichun Limestone in southern Tibet, and the Basleo area of West Timor, and these correlations suggest a Wuchiapingian age. The fauna exhibits substantial links with both peri–Gondwanan and Cathaysian faunas, which may imply that it is a seamount biota originally located in the southern margin of the Neotethys during the Late Permian, and was later (in the early Cenozoic) displaced and became sandwiched into younger marine deposits in the collision process between India and Eurasia.