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61.
Short-and medium-term stresses (1 and 24 h, respectively) wereapplied to detached leaves of Commelina communis L., resultingin both cases in a final leaf cell water potential ( 相似文献
62.
Dan W. Urry D. Channe Gowda Shaoqing Peng Timothy M. Parker Naijie Jing R. Dean Harris 《Biopolymers》1994,34(7):889-896
Commonly a key element enabling proteins to function is an amino acid residue or residues with functional side chains having shifted pKa values. This article reports the results on a set of protein-based polymers (model proteins) that exhibit hydrophobic folding and assembly transitions, and that have been designed for the purpose of achieving large hydrophobic-induced pKa shifts by selectively replacing Val residues by Phe residues. The high molecular weight polypentapeptides, actually poly (tricosapeptides) with six varied pentamers in fixed sequence, were designed and synthesized to have the same amino acid compositions but different proximities between a single aspartic acid residue and 5 Phe residues per 30 residues. With the 5 Phe residues distal from the Asp residue, the observed pKa shift was 2.9 when compared to the Val-containing reference. With the 5 Phe residues within 1 nm of the Asp residue, the pKa shift was 6.2. This represents a free energy of interaction of 8 kcal/moles. To our knowledge, this is the largest pKa shift documented for an Asp residue in a polypeptide– or protein–water system. Data are reviewed that do not support the usual electrostatic arguments for pKa shifts of charge–charge repulsion and/or unfavorable ion self-energies arising from displacement of water by hydrophobic moieties, but rather the data are interpreted to indicate the presence of an apolar–polar repulsive free energy of hydration, which results from a potentially highly cooperative competition between apolar and polar species for hydration. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
63.
In order to study the differentiation of Asian colobines, fourteen variables were analysed in one way, on 123 skulls, includingRhinopithecus, Presbytis, Presbytiscus, Pygathrix, andNasalis with both cluster and differentiated functions tests. Information on paleoenvironment changes in China and South-East Asia
since late Tertiary have been used to examine the influences of migratory habits and the distribution range in Asian colobines.
The cladogram among different Asian colobines genera was made from the results of various analysis. Some new points or revisions
were suggested: 1. Following the second migratory way, ancient species of Asian colobines perhaps passed through Xizang along
the northern bank of Tethis sea and Heng-Duan Shan regions, across Yunnan into Vietnam, since the ancient continent between
Yunnan and Xizang was already located in on eastern bank of Tethis sea. Thus, during the evolution, Asian colobines must have
had two original centres, i.e. “Sundaland” and Heng-Duan Shan Chinese regions; 2. Pygatrix possesses a lot of cranial features
more similar toPresbytiscus than toRhinopithecus. The small difference from the modification combinesPygatrix with other two genera as shown by Groves (1970), but it is better to putPygatrix andPresbytiscus together as one genus; 3.Nasalis (2n=48) may be the most primitive genus within Asian colobines. Some features shared withRhinopithecus, for example body size, terrestrial activities, limb proportion etc. ...seem to be considered as a common inheritance of
symlesiomorphus characters; 4.Rhinopithecus, with reference to cranioface and cranium or to its origin, is a special genus of Asian colobine. It may represent the highest
level of evolutionary position within various genera (Peng et al., 1985). 相似文献
64.
祁连山地区植被特征及其分布规律 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
分析和讨论了祁连山地区主要植被类型及其分布特征。祁连山地区随着青藏高原的强烈隆升表现为整体抬升,植被具有明显的生态地理边缘效应特征和高原地带性规律。该区植被虽然受到四周的较大影响,但各类高寒植被占有绝对优势,表现出与青藏高原植被整体明显的相似性和广泛的一致性。另一方面,本区植被也有其特殊性及与高原面存在一些差异。因此,建议把祁连山地区做为青藏高原植被区的次一级独立单元 相似文献
65.
质体醌重组的D1/D2/Cytb559复合物的荧光衰减动力学和光破坏作用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
光系统Ⅱ反应中心D1/D2/Cytb559 在分离纯化过程中失去了电子受体QA 和QB,人工合成的质体醌可以与D1/D2/Cytb559 复合物发生重组。癸基质体醌(DPQ)与D1/D2/Cytb599 复合物的重组导致该复合物的荧光强度下降及发射光谱蓝移,同时两个与光化学活性相关的长寿命(24 ns和73 ns)荧光衰减组分占整个荧光的百分数下降,这些结果表明DPQ作为Pheo- 的电子受体,限制了P680+ ·Pheo- 的电荷重组。DPQ 的加入对D1/D2/Cytb559复合物中Chla 分子的光破坏敏感性影响不大,但β-胡萝卜素在加入DPQ 之后可以被光照破坏,这个过程可能与β-胡萝卜素的生理功能相关。 相似文献
66.
67.
在大肠杆菌中表达了人肾液泡型H ̄+-ATPase58kD亚基的基因,利用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)得到了58kD亚基的编码片段.直接将PCR产物连接到PET载体上表达.SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和蛋白质印迹分析表明58kD亚基的基因得到高效表达.表达产物可达细菌细胞质蛋白的50%. 相似文献
68.
Bronzing, a nutritional disorder of rice plants which is widely distributed in tropical lowlands, was induced by dipping the cut end of rice leaves into FeSO4 solution (pH 3.5). Ethylene production; the activities of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; and the effects of Co2+, aminoethoxyvinylglycine, Ag+, cycloheximide, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, were investigated in the course of bronzing development. It was found that ethylene production could be stimulated up to about 20 times that of the control by Fe2+, and a peak could be reached at about 24 h after incubation. The Fe2+-treated leaves also had 10-fold higher peroxidase activity than the control, whereas in vitro enzyme activity was inhibited by Fe2+. Cycloheximide retarded in vivo stimulation of peroxidase, indicating that in vivo stimulation resulted from inducing de novo synthesis of the enzyme. No changes in the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and polyphenol oxidase were observed. The results, obtained from the incubation of leaves with Co2+, aminoethoxyvinylglycine, Ag+, cycloheximide, or 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, showed that ethylene production was the effect of Fe2+ stress and that it was not involved in the process of bronzing development, which is probably an acclimation process to enable plants to cope with stress. The accelerated peroxidase activity may be associated with bronzing development.Abbreviations ACC
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
- AVG
aminoethoxyvinylglycine
- EFE
ethylene forming enzyme
- PAL
phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
- POD
peroxidase
- PPO
polyphenol oxidase
- SE
standard error 相似文献
69.
报道了我国园蛛科7新种,即:云南园蛛Araneus yunnanensis、景洪金蛛Argiopejing hongensis、长垂驼蛛Cyphalonolus elongalus、石门壮头蛛Chorizopes shimenensis、勐海曲腹蛛Cyrlarachne menghaiensis 、文山肥蛛Larinia wenshanensis 和十字亮腹蛛Singa cruciformis。 相似文献
70.
S Atherton-Fessler F Liu B Gabrielli M S Lee C Y Peng H Piwnica-Worms 《Molecular biology of the cell》1994,5(9):989-1001
In cells of higher eukaryotic organisms the activity of the p34cdc2/cyclin B complex is inhibited by phosphorylation of p34cdc2 at two sites within its amino-terminus (threonine 14 and tyrosine 15). In this study, the cell cycle regulation of the kinases responsible for phosphorylating p34cdc2 on Thr14 and Tyr15 was examined in extracts prepared from both HeLa cells and Xenopus eggs. Both Thr14- and Tyr15- specific kinase activities were regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. The kinase activities were high throughout interphase and diminished coincident with entry of cells into mitosis. In HeLa cells delayed in G2 by the DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342, Thr14- and Tyr15-specific kinase activities remained high, suggesting that a decrease in Thr14- and Tyr15- kinase activities may be required for entry of cells into mitosis. Similar cell cycle regulation was observed for the Thr14/Tyr15 kinase(s) in Xenopus egg extracts. These results indicate that activation of CDC2 and entry of cells into mitosis is not triggered solely by activation of the Cdc25 phosphatase but by the balance between Thr14/Tyr15 kinase and phosphatase activities. Finally, we have detected two activities capable of phosphorylating p34cdc2 on Thr14 and/or Tyr15 in interphase extracts prepared from Xenopus eggs. An activity capable of phosphorylating Tyr15 remained soluble after ultracentrifugation of interphase extracts whereas a second activity capable of phosphorylating both Thr14 and Tyr15 pelleted. The pelleted fraction contained activities that were detergent extractable and that phosphorylated p34cdc2 on both Thr14 and Tyr15. The Thr14- and Tyr15-specific kinase activities co-purified through three successive chromatographic steps indicating the presence of a dual-specificity protein kinase capable of acting on p34cdc2. 相似文献