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991.
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Katharina Kopetschke Jan Klocke Anna-Sophie Grie?bach Jens Y Humrich Robert Biesen Duska Dragun Gerd-Rüdiger Burmester Philipp Enghard Gabriela Riemekasten 《Arthritis research & therapy》2015,17(1)
IntroductionUrinary T cells represent a reliable noninvasive biomarker for proliferative Lupus nephritis (LN). Little is known about the presence of T cell subsets, B cells and macrophages in the urine although they may further improve the validity of urinary cellular biomarkers for LN.MethodsWe analyzed contemporaneous blood and urine samples of patients with active LN (n = 19), other Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients (n = 79) and urine samples of patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN; n = 14) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV; n = 11) by flow cytometry.ResultsNumbers of urinary T cells, B cells and macrophages correlated with disease activity and were significantly higher in the active LN group. Urinary T cells showed excellent distinction of patients with active LN, CD8+ T cells (AUC of ROC = 1.000) and CD4+ T cells (AUC = 0.9969) alike. CD19+ B cells (AUC = 0.7823) and CD14+ macrophages (AUC = 0.9066), as well as the clinical standard proteinuria (AUC = 0.9201), failed to reach these high standards. Patients with DN or AAV also showed increased urinary cell counts, although the CD4/CD8-ratio was significantly lower in SLE compared to in DN (p = 0.0006). Urinary CD4+ T cells of active LN patients proved to be mainly of effector memory phenotype and expressed significantly more CD40L and ki67 than corresponding blood cells. Urinary Treg counts correlated with disease activity.ConclusionsDespite of detectable urinary cell counts for B cells and macrophages, T cells remain the best urinary cellular biomarker for LN. A low CD4/CD8-ratio seems to be characteristic for LN.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0600-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献993.
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Lechner SG Markworth S Poole K Smith ES Lapatsina L Frahm S May M Pischke S Suzuki M Ibañez-Tallon I Luft FC Jordan J Lewin GR 《Neuron》2011,69(2):332-344
In mammals, the osmolality of the extracellular fluid (ECF) is highly stable despite radical changes in salt/water intake and excretion. Afferent systems are required to detect hypo- or hyperosmotic shifts in the ECF to trigger homeostatic control of osmolality. In humans, a pressor reflex is triggered by simply drinking water which may be mediated by peripheral osmoreceptors. Here, we identified afferent neurons in the thoracic dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of mice that innervate hepatic blood vessels and detect physiological hypo-osmotic shifts in blood osmolality. Hepatic sensory neurons are equipped with an inward current that faithfully transduces graded changes in osmolality within the physiological range (~15 mOsm). In mice lacking the osmotically activated ion channel, TRPV4, hepatic sensory neurons no longer exhibit osmosensitive inward currents and activation of peripheral osmoreceptors in vivo is abolished. We have thus identified a new population of sensory neurons that transduce ongoing changes in hepatic osmolality. 相似文献
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Griebenow N Buchmueller A Kolkhof P Schamberger J Bischoff H 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2011,21(12):3648-3653
Novel squalene synthase inhibitors are disclosed. The design, synthesis, SAR and pharmacological profile of the compounds are discussed. 相似文献
998.
Kotzsch A Vernet E Hammarström M Berthelsen J Weigelt J Gräslund S Sundström M 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2011,20(3):597-609
Escherichia coli represents a robust, inexpensive expression host for the production of recombinant proteins. However, one major limitation is that certain protein classes do not express well in a biologically relevant form using standard expression approaches in the cytoplasm of E. coli. To improve the usefulness of the E. coli expression platform we have investigated combinations of promoters and selected N-terminal fusion tags for the extracellular expression of human target proteins. A comparative study was conducted on 24 target proteins fused to outer membrane protein A (OmpA), outer membrane protein F (OmpF) and osmotically inducible protein Y (OsmY). Based on the results of this initial study, we carried out an extended expression screen employing the OsmY fusion and multiple constructs of a more diverse set of human proteins. Using this high-throughput compatible system, we clearly demonstrate that secreted biomedically relevant human proteins can be efficiently retrieved and purified from the growth medium. 相似文献
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Anina Ritterband-Rosenbaum Mark S Christensen Mette Kliim-Due Line Z Petersen Betina Rasmussen Jens B Nielsen 《BMC neurology》2011,11(1):150
Background
Children diagnosed with spastic Cerebral Palsy (CP) often show perceptual and cognitive problems, which may contribute to their functional deficit. Here we investigated if altered ability to determine whether an observed movement is performed by themselves (sense of agency) contributes to the motor deficit in children with CP. 相似文献1000.
Van Praet JT Smith V Haspeslagh M Degryse N Elewaut D De Keyser F 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(1):R35