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Romain Guery Stephen L. Walker Gundel Harms Andreas Neumayr Pieter Van Thiel Jean-Pierre Gangneux Jan Clerinx Sara Karlsson Sbirk Leo Visser Laurence Lachaud Mark Bailey Aldert Bart Christophe Ravel Gert Van der Auwera Johannes Blum Diana N. Lockwood Pierre Buffet 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2021,15(10)
BackgroundCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is frequent in travellers and can involve oro-nasal mucosae. Clinical presentation impacts therapeutic management.MethodologyDemographic and clinical data from 459 travellers infected in 47 different countries were collected by members of the European LeishMan consortium. The infecting Leishmania species was identified in 198 patients.Principal findingsCompared to Old World CL, New World CL was more frequently ulcerative (75% vs 47%), larger (3 vs 2cm), less frequently facial (17% vs 38%) and less frequently associated with mucosal involvement (2.7% vs 5.3%). Patients with mucosal lesions were older (58 vs 30 years) and more frequently immunocompromised (37% vs 3.5%) compared to patients with only skin lesions. Young adults infected in Latin America with L. braziliensis or L. guyanensis complex typically had an ulcer of the lower limbs with mucosal involvement in 5.8% of cases. Typically, infections with L. major and L. tropica acquired in Africa or the Middle East were not associated with mucosal lesions, while infections with L. infantum, acquired in Southern Europe resulted in slowly evolving facial lesions with mucosal involvement in 22% of cases. Local or systemic treatments were used in patients with different clinical presentations but resulted in similarly high cure rates (89% vs 86%).Conclusion/SignificanceCL acquired in L. infantum-endemic European and Mediterranean areas displays unexpected high rates of mucosal involvement comparable to those of CL acquired in Latin America, especially in immunocompromised patients. When used as per recommendations, local therapy is associated with high cure rates. 相似文献
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Vincent Zoete Herve Vezin Fabrice Bailly Gerard Vergoten Jean-Pierre Catteau Jean-Luc Bernier 《Free radical research》2013,47(6):525-533
The radical-scavenging mechanism of fourteen 4-mercaptoimidazoles, derived from the natural family of ovothiols, was studied via a QSAR approach, cyclic voltammetry, ESR and NMR spectroscopy. A significant correlation was found between the DPPH scavenging abilities of test compounds and thermodynamic parameters like overall ease of disulphide formation. The production of a disulphide compound via thiyl radical formation is proposed. Upon DPPH scavenging, hydrogen abstraction from thiols yields transient short-lived thiyl radicals, which were characterised by ESR and rapidly dimerise to form a disulphide compound. Cyclic voltammetry showed that the best DPPH scavengers exhibit low oxidation potentials for their oxidation to disulphides. 相似文献
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Léon C Freund M Latchoumanin O Farret A Petit P Cazenave JP Gachet C 《Purinergic signalling》2005,1(2):145-151
Pancreatic cells express several P2 receptors including P2Y1 and the modulation of insulin secretion by extracellular nucleotides has suggested that these receptors may contribute to the regulation of glucose homeostasis. To determine whether the P2Y1 receptor is involved in this process, we performed studies in P2Y1–/– mice. In baseline conditions, P2Y1–/– mice exhibited a 15% increase in glycemia and a 40% increase in insulinemia, associated with a 10% increase in body weight, pointing to a role of the P2Y1 receptor in the control of glucose metabolism. Dynamic experiments further showed that P2Y1–/– mice exhibited a tendency to glucose intolerance. These features were associated with a decrease in the plasma levels of free fatty acid and triglycerides. When fed a lipids and sucrose enriched diet for 15 weeks, the two genotypes no longer displayed any significant differences. To determine whether the P2Y1 receptor was directly involved in the control of insulin secretion, experiments were carried out in isolated Langerhans islets. In the presence of high concentrations of glucose, insulin secretion was significantly greater in islets from P2Y1–/– mice. Altogether, these results show that the P2Y1 receptor plays a physiological role in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis at least in part by regulating insulin secretion. 相似文献
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Anomalous otoliths were discovered among modern and archaeological (8th millennium BP) sciaenids. The two species concerned, Cilus gilberti and Sciaena deliciosa, are common on the Peruvian-Chilean coast and do not seem to be affected by this morphological anomaly that maintained in their populations for thousands of years. The carbonates of the anomalous forms, determined by X-ray diffraction, are different from that of the normal otoliths, i.e. calcite and vaterite instead of aragonite. A method of non-destructive analysis by cathodoluminescence is tested and assumptions on the origin of the anomaly and its possible implications on environmental studies are advanced. 相似文献