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141.
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a complex disease with a very high degree of heritability. Linkage and
segregation analyses have not been very productive in identifying genes responsible for polygenic diseases such as NIDDM,
and the majority of the genes determining susceptibility to this disorder remain to be identified. Using a case-control study
design, we investigated the possible roles of genes coding for HLA class II antigens, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and
immunoglobulin (Ig) allotypes (GM and KM) in a group of Caucasians from Belgium (214 NIDDM patients and 200 controls). All
genetic markers were determined by polymerase chain reaction-based methods. We demonstrate that particular homozygous genotypes
of TNF-α and GM and KM allotypes epistatically interact with HLA-DQα1Arg 52 and contribute to an increased relative risk of NIDDM.
Received: 3 January 1999 / Accepted: 18 March 1999 相似文献
142.
143.
Olivier Horner Jean-Jacques Girerd Christian Philouze Luba Tchertanov 《Inorganica chimica acta》1999,290(2):8355-144
The new disymmetric ligand N,N,N′-tris(2-pyridylmethyl)-N′-(2-salicylideneethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine (LH) has been synthesized in the search of a novel type of manganese complex to mimic the active site of the water-oxidizing enzyme in photosystem II. The complex [Mn(II)L]ClO4 has been obtained and characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group Pn with the following unit cell parameters: a=10.164(3), b=10.122(4), c=14.166(5) Å, β=93.48(2)° and Z=2. The manganese ion is heptacoordinated with the coordination being achieved by only one ligand; it is bonded to the oxygen atom of the phenolate group in an axial position, the imino and the three pyridine nitrogen atoms in an equatorial position and the two amine atoms in a pseudo-axial position. The coordination polyhedron is best described as a distorted monocapped trigonal prism. This structure was compared with the seven-coordinated Mn(II) complexes deposited in the Cambridge Structured Database (CSD). The redox potential of the Mn(III)/Mn(II) couple was determined by cyclic voltammetry. 相似文献
144.
Ahuka-Mundeke Steve Ayouba Ahidjo Mbala-Kingebeni Placide Foncelle Caroline Mubonga Mukulumanya Ndimbo-Kumugo Simon-Pierre Lunguya-Metila Octavie Mbenzo-Abokome Valentin Muyembe-Tamfum Jean-Jacques Delaporte Eric Peeters Martine 《EcoHealth》2017,14(1):100-114
Like the majority of emerging infectious diseases, HIV and HTLV are of zoonotic origin. Here we assess the risk of cross-species transmissions of their simian counterparts, SIV and STLV, from non-human primates (NHP) to humans in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). A total of 331 samples, derived from NHP bushmeat, were collected as dried blood spots (DBS, n = 283) or as tissue samples (n = 36) at remote forest sites mainly in northern and eastern DRC. SIV antibody prevalences in DBS were estimated with a novel high throughput immunoassay with antigens representing the actual known diversity of HIV/SIV lineages. Antibody-positive samples were confirmed by PCR and sequence analysis. Screening for STLV infection was done with universal primers in tax, and new strains were further characterized in LTR. SIV and STLV infection in tissue samples was done by PCR only. Overall, 5 and 15.4% of NHP bushmeat was infected with SIV and STLV, respectively. A new SIV lineage was identified in Allen’s swamp monkeys (Allenopithecus nigroviridis). Three new STLV-1 subtypes were identified in Allen’s swamp monkeys (Allenopithecus nigroviridis), blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis), red-tailed guenons (Cercopithecus ascanius schmidti) and agile mangabeys (Cercocebus agilis). SIV and STLV prevalences varied according to species and geographic region. Our study illustrates clearly, even on a small sample size from a limited number of geographic areas, that our knowledge on the genetic diversity and geographic distribution of simian retroviruses is still limited and that humans continue to be exposed to relative high proportions on infected NHP bushmeat. 相似文献
145.
Srdan Verstovsek Jason Gotlib Ruben A. Mesa Alessandro M. Vannucchi Jean-Jacques Kiladjian Francisco Cervantes Claire N. Harrison Ronald Paquette William Sun Ahmad Naim Peter Langmuir Tuochuan Dong Prashanth Gopalakrishna Vikas Gupta 《Journal of hematology & oncology》2017,10(1):156
Background
Myelofibrosis (MF) is associated with a variety of burdensome symptoms and reduced survival compared with age-/sex-matched controls. This analysis evaluated the long-term survival benefit with ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK)1/JAK2 inhibitor, in patients with intermediate-2 (int-2) or high-risk MF.Methods
This was an exploratory analysis of 5-year data pooled from the phase 3 COMFORT-I and -II trials. In both trials, patients could cross over to ruxolitinib from the control group (COMFORT-I, placebo; COMFORT-II, best available therapy). All continuing patients in the control groups crossed over to ruxolitinib by the 3-year follow-up. Overall survival (OS; a secondary endpoint in both trials) was evaluated using pooled intent-to-treat data from patients randomized to ruxolitinib or the control groups. OS was also evaluated in subgroups stratified by baseline anemia and transfusion status at week 24.Results
A total of 528 patients were included in this analysis; 301 were originally randomized to ruxolitinib (COMFORT-I, n?=?155; COMFORT-II, n?=?146) and 227 to control (n?=?154 and n?=?73, respectively). The risk of death was reduced by 30% among patients randomized to ruxolitinib compared with patients in the control group (median OS, 5.3 vs 3.8 years, respectively; hazard ratio [HR], 0.70 [95% CI, 0.54–0.91]; P?=?0.0065). After correcting for crossover using a rank-preserving structural failure time (RPSFT) method, the OS advantage was more pronounced for patients who were originally randomized to ruxolitinib compared with patients who crossed over from control to ruxolitinib (median OS, 5.3 vs 2.3 years; HR [ruxolitinib vs RPSFT], 0.35 [95% CI, 0.23–0.59]). An analysis of OS censoring patients at the time of crossover also demonstrated that ruxolitinib prolonged OS compared with control (median OS, 5.3 vs 2.4 years; HR [ruxolitinib vs censored at crossover], 0.53 [95% CI, 0.36–0.78]; P?=?0.0013). The survival benefit with ruxolitinib was observed irrespective of baseline anemia status or transfusion requirements at week 24.Conclusions
These findings support ruxolitinib treatment for patients with int-2 or high-risk MF, regardless of anemia or transfusion status. Further analyses will be important for exploring ruxolitinib earlier in the disease course to assess the effect on the natural history of MF.146.
147.
148.
The variability of one of the oldest known proboscideans, Numidotherium koholense from the Lower Eocene of El Kohol, Algeria, is here examined. The biometrical study of the jugal teeth shows that the population is homogeneous and corresponds to a single species. The important variations of the skull's shape are interpreted as resulting from sexual dimorphism. The dental variability is analysed and discussed from an evolutionary perspective regarding the adaptative radiation of the proboscidean order at the beginning of the Tertiary. 相似文献
149.
Béatrice Cuzin François Guiliano Christian Jamin Jean-Jacques Legros Hervé Lejeune Marc Rigot Marc Roger 《Andrologie》2003,13(4):331-347
There is increasing interest in the subject of hormone changes in the aging male, which is likely to become particularly important with the expected growth in the population of men over 50. The main concerns at present are androgen decline in the aging male (ADAM), or partial androgen deficiency of the aging male (PADAM), commonly known as the andropause. Although progress has been made in our knowledge of androgen deficiency in the aging male, it is still incomplete and sometimes confusing, and some aspects of androgen replacement therapy remain controversial. The International Society for the Study of the Aging Male (ISSAM) therefore felt it was a good time to review the current situation by publishing a series of practical and official guidelines concerning the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of late-onset hypogonadism in males. The aim of this study is to present and discuss the French translation of these recent international guidelines. 相似文献
150.
Exposure to nitrogen–oxygen mixture at high pressure induces narcosis, which can be considered as a first step toward general
anaesthesia. Narcotic potencies of inert gases are attributed to their lipid solubility. Nitrogen narcosis induces cognitive
and motor disturbances that occur from 0.3 MPa in man and from 1 MPa in rats. Neurochemical studies performed in rats up to
3 MPa have shown that nitrogen pressure decreases striatal dopamine release like argon, another inert gas, or nitrous oxide,
an anaesthetic gas. Striatal dopamine release is under glutamatergic and other amino acid neurotransmission regulations. The
aim of this work was to study the effects of nitrogen at 3 MPa on striatal amino acid levels and to compare to those of 3 MPa
of helium which is not narcotic at this pressure, by using a new technique of microdialysis samples extraction under hyperbaric
conditions, in freely moving rats. Amino acids were analysed by HPLC coupled to fluorimetric detection in order to appreciate
glutamate, aspartate, glutamine and asparagine levels. Nitrogen–oxygen mixture exposure at 3 MPa decreased glutamate, glutamine
and asparagine concentrations. In contrast, with helium–oxygen mixture, glutamate and aspartate levels were increased during
the compression phase but not during the stay at maximal pressure. Comparison between nitrogen and helium highlighted the
narcotic effects of nitrogen at pressure. As a matter of fact, nitrogen induces a reduction in glutamate and in other amino
acids that could partly explain the decrease in striatal dopamine level as well as the motor and cognitive disturbances reported
in nitrogen narcosis. 相似文献