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Experiments were conducted in a rearing room to study the biology ofTrichogrammatoidea simmondsi Nagaraja (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) on sorghum shoot fly,Atherigona soccata Rondani (Dipt.: Muscidae) eggs. Shoot fly eggs were divided in two groups: 1) eggs < 24 h old and, 2) > 24 h old eggs. Thirty
eggs of each group were used in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Shoot fly eggs less than 24 h old
were preferred (73% of parasitism) over 24 h old eggs (7.25%). Three larval instars ofT. simmondsi were observed. Few eggs with twoT. simmondsi exit holes (1.87%) were recorded in > 24 h old eggs compared with < 24 h ones (3.74%). The sex ratio male: female was 1 ∶
1.47. The development from oviposition to adult emergence ranged from 7 to 12 days (average=9.8±1.31, n=40), and the average
life span of male and femaleT. simmondsi was 25±1.46 h (range 22–26 h, n=12) and 35.17±10.9 (range 25–50 h, n=28) respectively at 26° C, 60–65% R.H. and 12 ∶ 12 (L/D)
photoperiod. This paper constitutes the first published information on the biology ofT. simmondsi on the sorghum shoot fly eggs.
Résumé Des essais ont été conduits en salle d'élevage en vue d'étudier la biologie deTrichogrammatoidea simmondsi Nagaraja (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) sur les œufs de la mouche des pousses du sorgho,Atherigoa soccata Rondani (Dipt.: Muscidae). Les œufs de la mouche ont été divisés en deux groupes: 1) ℧ufs agés de < 24 h, 2) > 24 h. Trente œufs de chaque groupe ont été utilisés dans un dispositif en blocs complets randomisés à quatre répétitions. Les œufs de moins de 24 h d'age ont été plus parasités (73% de parasitisme) que ceux de plus de 24 h d'age (7,25% de parasitisme). Trois stades larvaires deT. simmondsi ont été observés. La présence de deux trous d'émergence deT. simmondsi était moins élevée (1,87%) dans les œufs de > 24 h que dans ceux de < 24 h (3,74%). Le sex ratio male: femelle était de 1 ∶ 1,47 Le cycle de développement de l'œuf à l'émergence de l'adulte variait de 7 à 12 jours avec une moyenne de 9,8±1,31 (n=40). La durée moyenne de vie du male et de la femelle deT. simmondsi était respectivement de 25±1,46 h (variation 22–26 h, n=12) et 35,17±10,9 (variation 25–50 h, n=28) à 26°C, 60–65% H.R. et une photopériode de 12 ∶ 12. Cet article constitue la première information publiée sur la biologie deT. simmondsi sur les œufs de la mouche des pousses du sorgho.相似文献
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Eric Hernandez Françoise Ramisse Thierry Cruel Robert le Vagueresse Jean-Didier Cavallo 《FEMS immunology and medical microbiology》1999,24(1):43-47
In 1995, we isolated a strain of Bacillus thuringiensis serotype H34 from severe human tissue necrosis. This bacterium was able to induce myonecrosis in immunosuppressed mice after cutaneous infection. Its potential pathogenicity for immunocompetent hosts was investigated in a mouse model of pulmonary infection. Mice infected intranasally by a suspension containing 10(8) spores died within 8 h in a clinical toxic-shock syndrome. In the same conditions, infection with a mutant without crystalline toxin, with the supernatant from a culture containing 10(8) bacteria ml(-1) and by the insecticidal strain serotypes 3a3b or H14 led to identical results. Lower inocula simply induced a local inflammatory reaction with bacterial persistence observed during the course of 10 days. 相似文献
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Jean-Didier Vincent Lucy Anna Kukstas Pierre-Marie Lledo 《Cell biology and toxicology》1992,8(3):85-91
Conclusion Excitability appears to be an important property of adenohypophyseal cells. The example ofthe lactotroph cell illustrates how the modification of membrane electrical properties can allowthe cell to adapt its functional characteristics to different physiological demands, which mayeven coexist in a contradictory manner in one animal. The amalgam of endocrine cell andnerve cell characteristics in one membrane makes the adenohypophyseal cell an ideal model forstudies in pharmacology and cellular toxicology. 相似文献