Stimulation by epinephrine of adenyl cyclase activity, cyclic AMP formation, DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in populations of rat thymic lymphocytes

During the first ten minutes after the beginning of a continuous exposure of rat thymocyte populations (maintained in vitro) to epinephrine, there is an increase in the cellular concentration of cyclic AMP. The hormone also increases the activity of a crude preparation of the thymocyte's cyclic AMP-forming enzyme, adenyl cyclase. Between 30 and 45 minutes after the beginning of exposure to epinephrine, an additional part of the cell population begins to synthesize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). These changes are finally followed two to four hours later by an increase of the flow of cells into mitosis. Since cyclic AMP itself is known to stimulate both the initiation of DNA synthesis and thymocyte proliferation, and since the mitogenic action of epinephrine is shown to be potentiated by caffeine and inhibited by imidazole, it is concluded that the mitogenic action of this hormone is mediated by the cyclic nucleotide.     

Reconstitution of Bacterial Spore Coat Layers In Vitro

The spore coat layers of Bacillus cereus T can be at least partially restored by mixing spores stripped of their coat with solubilized coat protein.