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41.
Aleksey V Zimin Alaina Shumate Ida Shinder Jakob Heinz Daniela Puiu Mihaela Pertea Steven L Salzberg 《Genetics》2022,220(2)
Until 2019, the human genome was available in only one fully annotated version, GRCh38, which was the result of 18 years of continuous improvement and revision. Despite dramatic improvements in sequencing technology, no other genome was available as an annotated reference until 2019, when the genome of an Ashkenazi individual, Ash1, was released. In this study, we describe the assembly and annotation of a second individual genome, from a Puerto Rican individual whose DNA was collected as part of the Human Pangenome project. The new genome, called PR1, is the first true reference genome created from an individual of African descent. Due to recent improvements in both sequencing and assembly technology, and particularly to the use of the recently completed CHM13 human genome as a guide to assembly, PR1 is more complete and more contiguous than either GRCh38 or Ash1. Annotation revealed 37,755 genes (of which 19,999 are protein coding), including 12 additional gene copies that are present in PR1 and missing from CHM13. Fifty-seven genes have fewer copies in PR1 than in CHM13, 9 map only partially, and 3 genes (all noncoding) from CHM13 are entirely missing from PR1. 相似文献
42.
Jakob Parzefall Jacques P. Durand Bernard Richard 《Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie》1980,53(2):133-138
The chemical communication of the epigean Necturus maculosus and the cave-living Proteus anguinus are compared in laboratory conditions. In both species a specks-specific substance transferred by water could be shown, another was deposited on the substrate. 相似文献
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Summary A girl with partial deletion of the short arms of one chromosome 7 is described. Among many other symptoms she has craniosynostosis. Early closure of cranio-sutures has previously been described in 2 of 3 patients with partial deletion 7. Investigation of a number of genetic marker systems shows that the HL-A, MN, AcP, and GPT loci are not located in the deleted segment.
Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Mädchen mit teilweiser Deletion des kurzen Armes eines Chromosoms 7 beschrieben. Außer vielen anderen Symptomen hat sie eine Craniosynostose. Frühzeitiger Verschluß der Schädelnähte wurde auch bei 2 von 3 Patienten mit Deletion 7, die in der Literatur beschrieben sind, beobachtet. Untersuchung einer Reihe genetischer Markersysteme zeigt, daß die HL-A-, MN-, AcP- und GPT-loci nicht in dem deletierten Segment liegen.相似文献
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Susanne Siebentritt Enrico Avancini Marcus Br Jakob Bombsch Emilie Bourgeois Stephan Buecheler Romain Carron Celia Castro Sebastien Duguay Roberto Flix Evelyn Handick Dimitrios Hariskos Ville Havu Philip Jackson Hannu‐Pekka Komsa Thomas Kunze Maria Malitckaya Roberto Menozzi Milos Nesladek Nicoleta Nicoara Martti Puska Mohit Raghuwanshi Philippe Pareige Sascha Sadewasser Giovanna Sozzi Ayodhya Nath Tiwari Shigenori Ueda Arantxa Vilalta‐Clemente Thomas Paul Weiss Florian Werner Regan G. Wilks Wolfram Witte Max Hilaire Wolter 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(8)
48.
Hansen Joan H. Skov Christian Baktoft Henrik Brönmark Christer Chapman Ben B. Hulthén Kaj Hansson Lars-Anders Nilsson P. Anders Brodersen Jakob 《Ecosystems》2020,23(2):292-306
Ecosystems - Patterns of animal migration and the ecological forces that shape them have been studied for centuries. Yet ecological impacts caused by the migration, such as altered... 相似文献
49.
Verena Gswein Carla Rodrigues Jos D. Silvestre Fausto Freire Guillaume Habert Jakob Knig 《Journal of Industrial Ecology》2020,24(1):178-192
The built environment is the largest single emitter of CO2 and an important consumer of energy. Much research has gone into the improved efficiency of building operation and construction products. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is commonly used to assess existing buildings or building products. Classic LCA, however, is not suited for evaluating the environmental performance of developing technologies. A new approach, anticipatory LCA (a‐LCA), promises various advantages and can be used as a design constraint during the product development stage. It helps overcome four challenges: (i) data availability, (ii) stakeholder inclusion, (iii) risk assessment, and (iv) multi‐criteria problems. This article's contribution to the line of research is twofold: first, it adapts the a‐LCA approach for construction‐specific purposes in theoretical terms for the four challenges. Second, it applies the method to an innovative prefabricated modular envelope system, the CleanTechBlock (CTB), focusing on challenge (i). Thirty‐six CTB designs are tested and compared to conventional walls. Inclusion of technology foresight is achieved through structured scenario analysis. Moreover, challenge (iv) is tackled through the analysis of different environmental impact categories, transport‐related impacts, and thickness of the wall assemblies of the CTB. The case study results show that optimized material choice and product design is needed to reach the lowest environmental impact. Methodological findings highlight the importance of context‐specific solutions and the need for benchmarking new products. 相似文献
50.
Athanasios Paschalis Simone Fatichi Jakob Zscheischler Philippe Ciais Michael Bahn Lena Boysen Jinfeng Chang Martin De Kauwe Marc Estiarte Daniel Goll Paul J. Hanson Anna B. Harper Enqing Hou Jaime Kigel Alan K. Knapp Klaus S. Larsen Wei Li Sebastian Lienert Yiqi Luo Patrick Meir Julia E. M. S. Nabel Rom Ogaya Anthony J. Parolari Changhui Peng Josep Peuelas Julia Pongratz Serge Rambal Inger K. Schmidt Hao Shi Marcelo Sternberg Hanqin Tian Elisabeth Tschumi Anna Ukkola Sara Vicca Nicolas Viovy Ying‐Ping Wang Zhuonan Wang Karina Williams Donghai Wu Qiuan Zhu 《Global Change Biology》2020,26(6):3336-3355
Changes in rainfall amounts and patterns have been observed and are expected to continue in the near future with potentially significant ecological and societal consequences. Modelling vegetation responses to changes in rainfall is thus crucial to project water and carbon cycles in the future. In this study, we present the results of a new model‐data intercomparison project, where we tested the ability of 10 terrestrial biosphere models to reproduce the observed sensitivity of ecosystem productivity to rainfall changes at 10 sites across the globe, in nine of which, rainfall exclusion and/or irrigation experiments had been performed. The key results are as follows: (a) Inter‐model variation is generally large and model agreement varies with timescales. In severely water‐limited sites, models only agree on the interannual variability of evapotranspiration and to a smaller extent on gross primary productivity. In more mesic sites, model agreement for both water and carbon fluxes is typically higher on fine (daily–monthly) timescales and reduces on longer (seasonal–annual) scales. (b) Models on average overestimate the relationship between ecosystem productivity and mean rainfall amounts across sites (in space) and have a low capacity in reproducing the temporal (interannual) sensitivity of vegetation productivity to annual rainfall at a given site, even though observation uncertainty is comparable to inter‐model variability. (c) Most models reproduced the sign of the observed patterns in productivity changes in rainfall manipulation experiments but had a low capacity in reproducing the observed magnitude of productivity changes. Models better reproduced the observed productivity responses due to rainfall exclusion than addition. (d) All models attribute ecosystem productivity changes to the intensity of vegetation stress and peak leaf area, whereas the impact of the change in growing season length is negligible. The relative contribution of the peak leaf area and vegetation stress intensity was highly variable among models. 相似文献