全文获取类型
收费全文 | 19967篇 |
免费 | 1775篇 |
国内免费 | 1664篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 35篇 |
2023年 | 167篇 |
2022年 | 332篇 |
2021年 | 685篇 |
2020年 | 545篇 |
2019年 | 710篇 |
2018年 | 766篇 |
2017年 | 620篇 |
2016年 | 881篇 |
2015年 | 1208篇 |
2014年 | 1470篇 |
2013年 | 1569篇 |
2012年 | 1867篇 |
2011年 | 1723篇 |
2010年 | 1172篇 |
2009年 | 1002篇 |
2008年 | 1271篇 |
2007年 | 1186篇 |
2006年 | 1021篇 |
2005年 | 954篇 |
2004年 | 939篇 |
2003年 | 787篇 |
2002年 | 690篇 |
2001年 | 331篇 |
2000年 | 273篇 |
1999年 | 227篇 |
1998年 | 204篇 |
1997年 | 138篇 |
1996年 | 108篇 |
1995年 | 77篇 |
1994年 | 62篇 |
1993年 | 42篇 |
1992年 | 53篇 |
1991年 | 49篇 |
1990年 | 32篇 |
1989年 | 31篇 |
1988年 | 24篇 |
1987年 | 17篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1972年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 6篇 |
1965年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 921 毫秒
101.
生态因子对森林生态系统稳定性影响的数学分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在对河南省森林生态类型划分的基础上,应用主成分分析、模糊聚类和遂步判别分析的方法,对森林生态系统的稳定性进行了研究,结果表明:影响森林生态系统稳定性的因子主要有6个,即:森林覆被率、人口密度、土壤侵蚀模数、大风日数、降水集中率和地形;河南省森林生态系统按其稳定程度可分为5个等级;应用逐步判别分析是建立稳定性判别模式的较好方法。 相似文献
102.
里氏木霉液体发酵产纤维素酶的研究 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
在摇瓶试验基础上,采用里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)HC-415菌株进行5L自控罐产纤维素酶深层发酵试验。在通气量为 0.2—0.6vvm、搅拌速度为 400r/min、发酵液pH控制在5.8—6.1的条件下,发酵液的羧甲基纤维素(CMC)酶酶活最高为325.0mg糖/ml,滤纸糖酶(FPA)酶活最高达17.9mg糖/ml。发酵周期为108h。所得冻干纤维素酶粉CMC酶活最高3111IU/g,FPA最高135IU/g ,对发酵液得率平均6.7g/L。酶活总收率CMC酶活平均78.2%,FPA酶活平均73.5%。 相似文献
103.
植酸对稻米品质影响的研究(Ⅰ) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文报道在水稻生长的抽穗期、齐穗期、灌浆期和蜡熟期喷施不同浓度植酸改良稻米品质的研究。结果表明,在水稻生长的不同阶段,控制喷施植酸浓度可提高糙米率,降低稻米垩白。 相似文献
104.
105.
106.
应用离体叶片法,对9个棉花种质进行了鉴定,试验结果表明;种质间抗生性和忌避性差异显著;同株棉花不同部位的叶片对朱砂叶螨的抗生性无显著性差异。通过对叶螨在不同棉花种质上种群增长动态进行系统聚类,可将9个棉花种质划分为3类:斯字棉825-91、杞县86789、鄂棉314、苏联8911为1类,中棉164、潼南接龙棉、新库861517-2、南农NAC90-2为1类,美棉7-15独立为1类。依据朱砂叶螨在不同种质上的种群增长曲线和高峰期螨量增长倍数,可将9个种质划分为3个类型;斯字棉825-91、新库861517-2为抗性类型,潼南接龙棉、美棉7-15、南农NAC90-2为感性类型,其余为中抗类型。从忌避性看:斯字棉825-91、美棉7-15表现出较高的忌避性。 相似文献
107.
为研究染色体外重组方法在创建转基因动物中的应用,选取牛asl酪蛋白基因的5′及3′侧翼区和氯霉素乙酰化酶编码区,构建了两个具有3 kb相互重叠的融合基因.将这两个DNA片段末端脱磷酸后,以摩尔比1:1的比例混合,通过显微注射导入小鼠受精原核,最后获得了11个品系的转基因小鼠.对其中10个品系的小鼠的整合分析表明,所注射的两个DNA片段均发生了染色体外同源重组,而且除了 1个品系的小鼠丢失了大约1kb的序列外,其余品系小鼠的重组产物与预想的结构符合.在当代和后代的转基因小鼠乳汁中均可测到氯霉素乙酰化酶的活性.这表明融合基因在转基因小鼠乳腺中得到表达和分泌,也说明显微共注射两个相互重叠的基因片段是建立转基因动物的一个可行途径. 相似文献
108.
Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), the rate-limiting enzyme in taurine biosynthesis, appears to be present in the brain in multiple isoforms. Two distinct forms of CSAD, referred to as CSAD I and CSAD II, were obtained on Sephadex G-100 column. CSAD I and CSAD II differ in (1) the elution profile on Sephadex G-100 column; (2) the sensitivity towards Mn2+, methione, and other sulfur-containing amino acids and (3) their immunologic properties. CSAD II has been purified to about 2,500-fold by a combination of column chromatographies and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The purity of the enzyme preparation was established as judged from the following observations: (1) a single protein band was observed under various electrophoretic conditions, e.g., 5–20% nondenaturing PAGE, 7% nondenaturing PAGE and 10% SDS-PAGE and (2) in nondenaturing PAGE, the protein band comigrated with CSAD activity. CSAD II has a molecular weight of 90 kDa and is a homodimer consisting of two 43 ± 2 kDa subunits. CSAD appears to require Mn2+ for its maximum activity. Other divalent cations fail to replace Mn2+ in activation of CSAD activity. However, the precise role of Mn2+ in the action of CSAD remains to be determined. 相似文献
109.
The Best Gastric Site for Obtaining a Positive Rapid Urease Test 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jae Soon Woo Hala M. T. EI-Zimaity† Robert M. Genta † Mahmoud M. Yousfi David Y. Graham‡ 《Helicobacter》1996,1(4):256-259
Background Rapid urease tests (RUTs) provide a simple, sensitive method of detecting Helicobacter pylori infection.
Objectives. Our aim, therefore, was to determine whether the yield of detecting H. pylori infection by RUT varied depending on the site of gastric biopsy.
Materials and Methods. Gastric biopsies were obtained from 50 patients for RUT by use of hp fast (GI Supply, Camp Hill, PA). Biopsies were taken from the prepyloric greater curve antrum, from the gastric angle, and from the greater curve in mid-corpus. One biopsy specimen was placed in the RUT gel, and the biopsy from the adjacent mucosa was placed in formalin for subsequent histological evaluation by using the Genta stain. RUTs were examined and scored at intervals of 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 minutes and after 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours.
Results. Fifty patients were entered in the test (150 RUTs), 32 having H. pylori infection. There were no false-positive RUTs (specificity, 100%). The gastric angle site was positive in 100%. The prepyloric site was positive in 87%, and the corpus site was positive in 84.4% ( p < .052 for angle or prepyloric antrum versus corpus). The most common pattern was for all to be positive (74%). The median time to positivity was similar with angle and prepyloric sites (37.5 and 60 minutes, respectively, p = not significant) and shorter than the corpus biopsy (180 minutes); ( p < .05 for angle or prepyloric antrum versus corpus).
Conclusion. The maximum probability for detecting H. pylori infection using a RUT is to obtain a biopsy from the gastric angle. To prevent missing a positive result when intestinal metaplasia is present, we recommend that (at a minimum) biopsies be taken from both the angle and the corpus. 相似文献
Objectives. Our aim, therefore, was to determine whether the yield of detecting H. pylori infection by RUT varied depending on the site of gastric biopsy.
Materials and Methods. Gastric biopsies were obtained from 50 patients for RUT by use of hp fast (GI Supply, Camp Hill, PA). Biopsies were taken from the prepyloric greater curve antrum, from the gastric angle, and from the greater curve in mid-corpus. One biopsy specimen was placed in the RUT gel, and the biopsy from the adjacent mucosa was placed in formalin for subsequent histological evaluation by using the Genta stain. RUTs were examined and scored at intervals of 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 minutes and after 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours.
Results. Fifty patients were entered in the test (150 RUTs), 32 having H. pylori infection. There were no false-positive RUTs (specificity, 100%). The gastric angle site was positive in 100%. The prepyloric site was positive in 87%, and the corpus site was positive in 84.4% ( p < .052 for angle or prepyloric antrum versus corpus). The most common pattern was for all to be positive (74%). The median time to positivity was similar with angle and prepyloric sites (37.5 and 60 minutes, respectively, p = not significant) and shorter than the corpus biopsy (180 minutes); ( p < .05 for angle or prepyloric antrum versus corpus).
Conclusion. The maximum probability for detecting H. pylori infection using a RUT is to obtain a biopsy from the gastric angle. To prevent missing a positive result when intestinal metaplasia is present, we recommend that (at a minimum) biopsies be taken from both the angle and the corpus. 相似文献
110.
Hyun Koo Kim Moon Sun Ham Jong Soo Hong Jin Ha Lee Kyung Yu Park Hyeon Yong Lee 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》1996,1(1):32-35
A moving aeration-membrane (MAM) bioreactor was employed for the production of 2 μg/mL of tissue type Plasminogen Activator (tPA) in serum free medium from normal human fibroblast cells. This system could maintain high cell density for long periods of steady state conditions in perfusion cultivation. Under normal operating conditions, shear stress was as low as 0.65 dynes/cm2 at the agitation speed of 80 rpm. Even though cell density gradually decreased with increasing agitation speed, tPA production increased linearly with increasing shear stress within a moderate range. This culture system allowed production of 2 μg tPA/mL while maintaining a high cell density of 1.0×107 viable cells/mL. 相似文献