全文获取类型
收费全文 | 531篇 |
免费 | 27篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 6篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 14篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 41篇 |
2012年 | 25篇 |
2011年 | 30篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 26篇 |
2008年 | 25篇 |
2007年 | 32篇 |
2006年 | 22篇 |
2005年 | 34篇 |
2004年 | 29篇 |
2003年 | 23篇 |
2002年 | 22篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有558条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
21.
Jadwiga Handzlik Ewa Szymańska Sandrine Alibert Jacqueline Chevalier Ewa Otrębska Elżbieta Pękala Jean-Marie Pagès Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2013,21(1):135-145
A series of amine-alkyl derivatives of 5-arylidenehydantoin 3–21 was evaluated for their ability to improve antibiotic effectiveness in two strains of Gram-negative Enterobacter aerogenes: the reference strain (ATCC-13048) and the chloramphenicol-resistant derivative over-producing the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump (CM-64). Three antibiotics, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid and sparfloxacin were used as markers of efflux pump activity. New compounds (5–16) were obtained within 3–4 step synthesis using Knoevenagel condensation, Mitsunobu reaction and microwave aided N-alkylation. Molecular modeling based structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies were performed. The most active compounds: (Z)-5-(4-(diethylamino)benzylidene)-3-(2-hydroxy-3-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione (14) and (Z)-5-(2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)-3-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione (15) induced fourfold decrease of minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of all tested antibiotics in the strain CM-64 overexpressing the AcrAB-TolC pump. 相似文献
22.
Comparison of Chemical Composition in Tuber aestivum Vittad. of Different Geographical Origin
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《化学与生物多样性》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Dorota Hilszczańska Marta Siebyła Jakub Horak Marek Król Piotr Podsadni Piotr Steckiewicz Magdalena Bamburowicz‐Klimkowska Mirosław Szutowski Jadwiga Turło 《化学与生物多样性》2016,13(12):1617-1629
Truffles are prized and nutrition‐rich edible hypogeous fungi. The aim of this study was a comprehensive investigation of chemical composition of Burgundy truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad .). We tried to answer the question: what is the impact of the environment on the truffle quality. To know the nutritional value of Burgundy truffle we compared lipids, proteins, saccharides, polyphenolics, flavonoids, total sterols, ergosterol, volatile flavour and aroma compounds content in fruit bodies of the fungus collected in three different geographical regions, i.e., Poland, Slovakia, and Italy. A comparison of the above mentioned compounds is especially interesting due to environmental and climatic differences among the studied geographical regions. Results revealed that fruit bodies of T. aestivum from Poland and Slovakia possessed nearly similar content of proteins, total sterols, and saccharides. The fruiting bodies from Italy contained significantly larger amounts of most of the investigated compounds. In turn, Polish specimens had higher content of lipids and polyphenolics than Slovak and Italian ones. We have found higher similarity of volatile compounds composition between Polish and Italian specimens than those of Polish and Slovak origin. 相似文献
23.
In a study of Chaoborus feeding in a eutrophic lake, selectivity was found to be positive with Crustacea (especially copepodit stages). and negative with Rotatoria. Daily food rations were about 20% for most of the feeding period, but higher (106%). during the month of intensive growth after hatching. Feeding intensity correlated positively with amount of food an temperature, and negatively with Chaoborus concentration. Elimination of Crustacea (in the epilimnion of the central zone of the lake). equalled about 30–40% of Crustacea production in June and September and slightly exeeded the August production (it was almost zero in the remaining months because Chaoborus larvae stayed at the bottom). This applies, however, only in the central zone – about 50% of the lake volume. Chaoborus probably influences both the density of zooplankton and the quantitative relations between zooplankton species. 相似文献
24.
Irena Musik Maria Koziol-Montewka Sabina Toś-Luty Kazimierz Pasternak Jadwiga Latuszyńska Malgorzata Tokarska Malgorzata Kielczykowska 《Biometals》1999,12(4):375-382
Antioxidant properties of selenium producing a protective barrier against free radicals play an important role in numerous metabolic and immunologic processes associated with oxidation- reduction reactions which take place during intracellular digestion of phagocyted bacteria. The aim of our study was to examine the properties of an organic compound of selenium, 4-(o-tolilo)- selenosemicarbazide of p-chlorobenzoic acid in terms of its retention in organs, effect on erythropoesis and phagocytic abilities of neutrophiles as well as antioxidant properties in neutrophiles tested with NBT test. This compound as well as inorganic sodium selenate was given to Swiss mice at the dose of 10–3 g Se/kg for the period of 10 days. The concentrations of selenium in livers of mice treated with sodium selenate and selenosemicarbazide were found to be higher than in controls (18,7 g lg–1 and 23.2 g lg–1 vs. 12 g lg–1, respectively). Analysis of blood cells count has shown a significant decrease in neutrophile levels in both groups treated with selenium. The influence of selenium compounds on phagocytosis and especially NBT test has been determined (3.8% of positive cells in the controls vs. 2.2% and 0.9% in the groups treated with sodium selenate and selenosemicarbazide, respectively). Our preliminary investigations suggest that selenosemicarbazides are biologically active compounds and can modify neutrophile functions. 相似文献
25.
Evidence from diverse organisms, including humans, suggests that the DAZ (Deleted in Azoospermia) gene and a closely related homolog, DAZL (DAZ-like), are required early in germ cell development to maintain initial germ cell populations. Here we report the identification and characterization of the DZIP (DAZ-Interacting Protein) gene, which encodes at least three different protein isoforms that contain a C2H2 zinc-finger domain. The DZIP gene is expressed predominantly in human embryonic stem cells and fetal and adult germ cells; moreover, two DZIP protein isoforms colocalize with DAZ and/or DAZL proteins in these tissues. Finally, we provide evidence indicating that DZIP may associate with DAZ and its other cofactors in an RNA-binding protein complex that functions in both ES cells and germ cells. 相似文献
26.
Localization of human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit transcripts in ovarian cancer tissue 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nowak-Markwitz E Jankowska A Szczerba A Andrusiewicz M Warchoł JB 《Folia histochemica et cytobiologica / Polish Academy of Sciences, Polish Histochemical and Cytochemical Society》2004,42(2):123-126
Recent studies demonstrated that besides placenta and malignant trophoblastic tumors, hCG and especially its beta-subunit is secreted by a varieties of tumors of different origin. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the expression pattern of human chorionic gonadotropin gene in ovarian cancer tissue. The study included 8 patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma. The expression and distribution of hCGbeta mRNA was assessed by in situ RT-PCR method. The semi-quantitative assessment was performed using computer image analysis. Transformation of the images into the pseudocolour scale showed a clear difference in fluorescence intensity among individual cancer cells. The intensity of ISRT-PCR products corresponding with expression level of hCGbeta demonstrated that its production by individual cancer cells is different. In all studied specimens of the ovarian carcinoma tissue, cancer cells characterized by the presence of active hCGbeta gene were found, whereas noncancerous tissue demonstrated lack of the gene expression. Thus, the study clearly shows that the expression of hCGbeta is the feature of ovarian cancer tissue. 相似文献
27.
Kotula-Balak M Bablok L Fracki S Jankowska A Bilińska B 《Folia histochemica et cytobiologica / Polish Academy of Sciences, Polish Histochemical and Cytochemical Society》2004,42(4):215-220
Klinefelter's syndrome (47, XXY) is the most common chromosome aneuploidy in men and is usually characterized by underdeveloped testes and sterility. The aim of the present study was to detect cellular distribution of androgen receptors (AR) and aromatase in testes of patient with KS. The tissue sections were processed for morphological and immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, levels of FSH, LH, PRL, estradiol, and testosterone were measured in the plasma. Morphological analysis revealed a complete absence of spermatogenesis. No germ cells were present in seminiferous tubules. In some tubules, nests of apparently degenerating Sertoli cells were found. In the interstitium, Leydig cell hyperplasia was observed. Using immunohistochemistry, nuclear AR staining was detected in Sertoli cells and peritubular cells, whereas in Leydig cells the staining was exclusively cytoplasmic. The immunostaining of aromatase was detected in the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells. Increased levels of gonadotropins and decreased level of testosterone concomitantly with the cytoplasmic localization of AR in Leydig cells might contribute to the impaired testicular function in patient with KS. 相似文献
28.
Watkins WJ Lemoine RC Chong L Cho A Renau TE Kuo B Wong V Ludwikow M Garizi N Iqbal N Barnard J Jankowska R Singh R Madsen D Lolans K Lomovskaya O Oza U Dudley MN 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2004,14(20):5133-5137
Structure-activity relationships of a novel series of fungal efflux pump inhibitors with respect to potentiation of the activity of fluconazole against strains of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata over-expressing ABC-type efflux pumps are systematically explored. 相似文献
29.
30.
Binding of adenovirus capsid to dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine provides a novel pathway for virus entry
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of virology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Adenovirus (Ad) is an airborne, nonenveloped virus infecting respiratory epithelium. To study the mechanism of Ad entry, we used alveolar adenocarcinoma A549 cells, which have retained the ability of alveolar epithelial type II cells to synthesize the major component of pulmonary surfactant, disaturated phosphatidylcholine. Stimulation of phosphatidylcholine secretion by calcium ionophore or phorbol ester augmented the susceptibility of these cells to Ad. Both Ad infection and recombinant-Ad-mediated transfection increased in the presence of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes in culture medium. Importantly, in the presence of DPPC liposomes, virus penetrates the cells independently of virus-specific protein receptors. DPPC vesicles bind Ad and are efficiently incorporated by A549 lung cells, serving as a virus vehicle during Ad penetration. To identify the viral protein(s) mediating Ad binding, a flotation of liposomes preincubated with structural viral proteins was employed, showing that the only Ad protein bound to DPPC vesicles was a hexon. The hexon preserved its phospholipid-binding properties upon purification, confirming its involvement in virus binding to the phospholipid. Given that disaturated phosphatidylcholine not only covers the inner surface of alveoli in the lungs but also reenters alveolar epithelium during lung surfactant turnover, Ad binding to this phospholipid may provide a pathway for virus entry into alveolar epithelium in vivo. 相似文献