Total Hip Replacement in Osteoarthrosis using the Charnley Prosthesis

Charnley low-friction arthroplasty was performed on 352 osteoarthritic hips, usually because of severe pain. Three hundred and twenty hips were reviewed at a special follow-up clinic or by postal questionnaire. After operation 89% of hips were pain-free or caused only occasional discomfort, and in 76% there was an increased range of movement. Of those patients actually seen for review 79% were judged to have a good or excellent result. The most frequent single complication was deep infection, which occurred in 5·3% of hips.     

Temperature control of initiation of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli

When an exponentially growing culture of Escherichia coli is cooled to below 8 °C, initiation of protein synthesis appears to be blocked, while the elongation of initiated proteins continues until they are completed. This is demonstrated here by showing that nascent polypeptide chains increase in size during a 5 °C incubation and that f2 viral coat protein is completed, but not initiated. Upon rewarming, the cells initiate protein synthesis synchronously. This is demonstrated by a transient rise in the incorporation of methionine which is used to initiate protein synthesis.     

Secondary and Apparent Primary Antibody Responses After Group A Streptococcal Vaccination of 21 Children

A partially purified M protein, extracted from a mouse-virulent strain of type 3, group A streptococcus, was administered subcutaneously in gradually increasing amounts at weekly intervals to 21 children in a Family Program. Seven children with type 3 bactericidal antibody in prevaccination sera showed a secondary response. Of 14 children with no detectable type 3 bactericidal antibody prior to vaccination, 13 developed definite type 3 antibody during or soon after vaccination. This response appeared to be of the primary variety in at least some of the 13 children because (i) the total incidence of antibody response (20 of 21) was greater than can be accounted for by the documented incidence of clinical and subclinical type 3 infections among children of our Family Program during a period of 14 years, (ii) the response in the 13 children with no detectable antibody prior to vaccination was more delayed than in those showing a definite secondary response, and (iii) on the average, the amount of vaccine needed for a response in these 13 children was 15 to 28 times greater than that required for the secondary response. Local skin reactions were variable among the vaccinated children. Systemic reactions were infrequent and not severe. The giving of multiple injections of partially purified M protein did not seem to cause cutaneous hypersensitivity.     

A new method for the quantitative determination of monosaccharides, amino sugars and N-acetylneuraminic acid and of 6-deoxyhexose (fucose) in the presence of other sugars

1. Monosaccharides, amino sugars and N-acetylneuraminic acid were determined by using an original colorimetric assay procedure, based on the detection of formaldehyde released after periodate oxidation. A range of these compounds was investigated by this method and they were all found to obey Beer's law within the concentration range 0-0.6mumole/ml. 2. A simple method for the determination of 6-deoxyhexose concentration in the presence of other monosaccharides is also described. 3. The optimum pH for the release of formaldehyde from sugars by periodate oxidation was 7.0-7.5. 4. The methods described have considerable advantages over existing assay systems and their particlar value in automatic colorimetry, where the use of concentrated acids is undesirable, is discussed.