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101.
土壤真菌群落对维持生态系统功能至关重要,然而氮沉降等环境变化如何影响其稳定性尚不清楚。利用高通量测序和网络分析,探究了连续三年不同氮添加水平对土壤真菌群落特征的影响,并通过计算"内聚力"量化连通性以预测真菌网络的稳定性。结果表明,真菌多样性及其群落稳定性对氮添加的响应存在明显的时间效应。相比于前2年,第3年氮添加改变了真菌β多样性,且低氮添加显著提高了0-10 cm土层真菌Chao1和Shannon指数。网络分析发现,随着氮添加量的增加真菌网络正连接比例增加,平均聚类系数和模块性降低。内聚力分析表明,第3年高氮添加显著降低了两个土层的真菌负:正内聚力的绝对值,而低氮添加提高或不改变两者的比值。这说明高剂量氮添加将通过破坏真菌群落的稳定性影响其生态系统服务功能。研究为评价不同水平氮添加下森林土壤真菌群落稳定性提供了新的见解,对评价氮沉降的生态效应具有科学意义。 相似文献
102.
易分解有机碳输入量对武夷山不同林型土壤激发效应的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
土壤有机碳库是陆地生态系统中最大的碳储量库,其微小的变化也能使大气中CO2浓度发生巨大的改变,植物来源碳的输入能通过激发效应促进或抑制土壤有机碳(SOC)的分解,对SOC的动态平衡产生影响。以武夷山三个林型(阔叶林、马尾松林、针阔混交林)土壤为研究对象,通过向土壤中添加不同量的13C标记葡萄糖(0、100、200、400 mg C/kg)研究易分解有机碳输入量对不同林型土壤激发效应的影响,并在此基础上探讨易分解有机碳输入量对土壤激发效应影响的作用机理。结果表明,葡萄糖输入对土壤激发效应的影响与葡萄糖输入量和林型有关。葡萄糖的输入均抑制了三个林型SOC的分解(即,呈现负的激发效应)。阔叶林土壤和针阔混交林土壤激效应强度随着葡萄糖输入量的增加而增加,而马尾松林土壤的激发效应强度对葡萄糖输入量的响应并不明显。然而在马尾松林土壤中由葡萄糖所引起的激发效应强度显著高于其他两种林型土壤。研究结果表明,易分解有机碳的输入可以抑制SOC的矿化,形成负激发效应,阔叶林土壤的激发效应强度与土壤可利用氮、葡萄糖添加量与微生物碳量比值有关,而针阔混交林与马尾松林土壤... 相似文献
103.
104.
105.
Pharmacology of DMSO 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
A wide range of primary pharmacological actions of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been documented in laboratory studies: membrane penetration, membrane transport, effects on connective tissue, anti-inflammation, nerve blockade (analgesia), bacteriostasis, diuresis, enhancement or reduction of the effectiveness of other drugs, cholinesterase inhibition, nonspecific enhancement of resistance to infection, vasodilation, muscle relaxation, antagonism to platelet aggregation, and influence on serum cholesterol in experimental hypercholesterolemia. This substance induces differentiation and function of leukemic and other malignant cells. DMSO also has prophylactic radioprotective properties and cryoprotective actions. It protects against ischemic injury. 相似文献
106.
Tianli Zou Junhua Deng Xiangdong Li Shiyin Zhang Lingyan Chen Liying Hao Jinshan Zhuang Heng Wang Guihong Zhang Shengxiang Ge Kegong Tian 《中国病毒学》2022,37(3):462-464
Highlights
1. A probe-based insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) assay was developed for rapid and onsite detection of ASFV.
2. The developed iiPCR showed similar sensitivity and specificity with OIE recommended real-time PCR.
3. Blood samples could be directly applied as PCR template in iiPCR without DNA extraction. 相似文献
1. A probe-based insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) assay was developed for rapid and onsite detection of ASFV.
2. The developed iiPCR showed similar sensitivity and specificity with OIE recommended real-time PCR.
3. Blood samples could be directly applied as PCR template in iiPCR without DNA extraction. 相似文献
107.
J Schaefer J R Garbow G S Jacob T M Forrest G E Wilson 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1986,137(2):736-741
Lyophilized whole cells of Aerococcus viridans (Gaffkya homari) grown on a synthetic medium containing D-[2-13C, 15N]Ala, or containing both L-[1-13C]Lys and D-[15N]Ala, have been examined by double cross-polarization magic-angle spinning 13C and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance. Results from the double-labeled alanine experiment confirm the absence of metabolic scrambling of alanine by A. viridans. Results from the combined single-label experiment can be used to count directly the number of adjacent L-Lys and D-Ala units in peptide chains of cell-wall peptidoglycan. This count leads to the conclusion that there are no terminal D-Ala or D-Ala-D-Ala units in uncross-linked chains of the peptidoglycan of A. viridans. 相似文献
108.
109.
Novel transcription map for the B19 (human) pathogenic parvovirus 总被引:15,自引:15,他引:15
110.
Nadiah Pardede Kristensen Jacob Johansson Niclas Jonzén Henrik G. Smith 《Evolutionary ecology》2018,32(5):509-528
It is generally expected that, in environments with pronounced seasonal resource peaks, birds’ reproductive success will be maximised when nestlings’ peak food demand coincides with the timing of high food availability. However in certain birds that stay resident over winter, earlier breeding leads juveniles to join the winter flock earlier, which by the prior residence effect increases their success in breeding territory competition. This trade-off between reproduction and competition may explain why, in certain species, breeding phenology is earlier and asynchronous with the resource. This study extends a previous model of the evolution of breeding phenology in a single habitat type to a landscape with two habitat types: ‘early’ and ‘late’ resource phenology. The offspring’s natal habitat type has a carryover effect upon their competitive ability regardless of which habitat type they settle in to potentially breed. We find that, when the difference in resource phenology between habitats is small (weak carryover effect), breeding phenology in the late habitat evolves to occur earlier and more asynchronously than in the early habitat, to compensate for the competitive disadvantage to juveniles raised there. However if the difference is large (strong carryover effect), then the reproductive cost of earlier breeding outweighs the benefit of the compensation, so instead breeding phenology in the late habitat evolves to become more synchronous with the resource. Recruitment is generally asymmetric, from early to late habitat type. However if the early habitat is less frequent in the landscape or produces fewer offspring, then the asymmetry is reduced, and if there is some natal habitat-type fidelity, then recruitment can have an insular pattern, i.e. most recruits to each habitat type come from that same habitat type. We detail the different scenarios in which the different recruitment patterns are predicted, and we propose that they have implications for local adaptation. 相似文献