云南生物考察报告(半翅目:扁蝽科)

本文是1955—1957年云南生物考察时采集的半翅目扁蝽科标本的鉴定报告,共包括两个亚科,11个属27个种;其中有2个新属18个新种。除新种和新属外,还有2个属和3个种是我国的首次记录(以＊号标记)。新种的种模及配模标本均由中国科学院动物研究所保存。     

Effects of Temperature and dl-Strigol on Seed Conditioning and Germination of Witchweed (Striga asiatica)

Seed conditioning and germination in witchweed (Striga asiatica(L.) Kuntze) were temperature-dependent. With higher conditioningtemperatures, shorter conditioning time was required for germinationwith terminal dl-strigol (strigol) treatment at 30 °C. Maximumgermination (80–100%) was obtained by conditioning inwater at 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C for 14, 7, 5 and 3 d, respectively,and terminally treating with 10^–6 M strigol at 30 °C.Seeds conditioned in 10^–8 M strigol instead of water germinatedmuch less with the same terminal strigol treatment. Generally,conditioning was slower when seeds were conditioned in strigolrather than water. The reduction in germination rate by pretreatmentin strigol or pretreatment at low temperatures could be overcomeby increasing the terminal strigol concentration in the germinationtest. Conditioned seeds did not germinate at 10 and 15 °Cwith a terminal 10^–6 M strigol treatment but yielded closeto maximum germination at 25, 30 and 35 °C with the sameterminal strigol treatment. To obtain maximum germination, boththe minimum conditioning temperature and the minimum germinationtemperature for conditioned seeds were 20 °C. Factors suchas conditioning time, and strigol concentration and temperatureduring conditioning and/or germination determine whether seedsremain in the conditioning phase or shift to a germination phase. dl-Strigol, germination stimulation, parasitic plants, seed conditioning, seed germination, Striga asiatica, temperature, weed control     

中国姬蝽科的新种和新记录及两种棒姬蝽的小记(半翅目:异翅亚目)

本文记述了姬蝽科的11个新种和在中国首次记录的3个种,讨论了云南棒姬蝽Arbela yunnana Hsiao和四川棒姬蝽A.szechuana Hsiao的种的地位,认为前者是一个独立的种。而不是A.nitidula St(?)l的同物异名,后者与A.tabida(Uhler)极相近,但有一定的区别,是否是一个独立种,尚须进一步研究。Stenonabis venosus Hsiao(nec Poppius)1964是一个错误鉴定,应该是S.uhleri Miyamoto 1964。 黑胫光姬蝽Rhamphocoris tibialis,新种(图1)     

Genetic variants of retinol-binding protein 4 in adolescents are associated with liver function and inflammatory markers but not with obesity and insulin resistance

Journal of Genetics -     

The developmental fate of green fluorescent mouse embryonic germ cells in chimeric embryos

Primordial germ cells (PGCs),as precursors of mammalian germ lineage,have been gaining more attention as a new resource of pluripotent stem cells,which bring a great possibility to study developmental events of germ cell in vitro and at animal level.EG4 cells derived from 10.5 days post coitum (dpc) PGCs of 129/svJ strain mouse were established and maintained in an undifferentiated state.With an attempt to study the differentiation capability of EG4 cells with a reporter protein:green fluorescence protein,and the possible application of EG4 cells in the research of germ cell development,we have generated several EG4-GFP cell lines expressing enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) and still maintaining typical characteristics of pluripotent stem cells.Then,the differentiation of EG4-GFP cells in vitro as well as their developmental fate in chimeric embryos which were produced by aggregating EG4-GFP cells to 8-cell stage embryos were studied.The results showed that EG4 cells carrying green fluorescence have a potential use in the research of germ cell development and other related studies.     

齿爪盲蝽亚科的新属和新种记述(半翅目:盲蝽科)

本文记述齿爪盲蝽亚科(Deraeocorinae)的7新种,分属于6属,其中包括3个新属,即拟束盲蝽属(Apilophorus)新属,显领盲蝽属(Paranix)新属及棒角盲蝽属(Cimidaeorus)新属。 华蚁齿爪盲蝽Nicostratus sinicus新种(图1,1a—1d) 长4.3毫米,腹部宽1.3毫米。光亮,红褐。触角、足及身体腹面被黄色直毛。前胸背板领、侧角后缘、小盾片侧缘及臭腺孔缘乳白色,前翅革片基半部浅黄色。头球形,长     

Association of a common rs9939609 variant in the fat mass and obesity-associated (<Emphasis Type="Italic">FTO</Emphasis>) gene with obesity and metabolic phenotypes in a Taiwanese population: a replication study

It is a key challenge to conduct reproducibility in genetic research, especially association studies in obesity. While susceptibility of a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs9939609, in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene to obesity has been reported in various populations, data from Asians is less conclusive. This replication study was carried out to test whether the FTO rs9939609 SNP is a predictive factor for obesity and obesity-related metabolic traits in a Taiwanese population. A total of 1188 Taiwanese subjects were recruited for this study. The FTO rs9939609 SNP was genotyped by the Taqman assay. Obesity-related metabolic traits such as triglyceride, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase and fasting glucose were measured. Our data revealed that the FTOrs9939609 SNP exhibited a significant association with obesity (BMI \(\geqq \) 30 kg/m ²) among the subjects (P= 0.026). However, the FTO rs9939609 SNP did not exhibit any significant association with obesity-related metabolic traits among the subjects. Our results indicated that the FTO rs9939609 SNP may be linked with the risk of obesity in Taiwanese subjects.     

Differential Response of Pure Lines of Avena fatua L. to Substituted Phthalimides: Germination and Endosperm-mobilization Studies

The germination and endosperm-mobilization responses of twogenetically pure lines (AN-51 and Mont 73) of Avena fatua (wildoat) to gibberellic acid (GA₃, ) and three substituted phthalimides(experimental compounds AC-92, 803, AC-94, 377 and AC-99, 524)were studied. The line AN-51 showed a much greater responseto GA₃, in terms of the percentage and the rate of stimulationof germination, than Mont 73. These lines also differed significantlyin their response to AC-94, 377 and AC-99, 524. The relativegermination response of the two lines to these phthalimideswas very similar to that for GA₃. The phthalimide AC-94, 377was more effective at stimulating germination than AC-99, 524,whereas AC-92, 803 had little or no effect. Salicylhydroxamate,an inhibitor of alternative respiration, did not inhibit theAC-94, 377-induced germination. Like GA₃, AC-94, 377 induced -amylase production and the releaseof reducing sugars by 3 mm endosperm segments. GA₃, was mosteffective at inducing endosperm mobilization, followed by AC-94,377, AC-99, 524 and AC-92, 803, respectively. The line AN-51showed a significantly greater response to both AC-94, 377 andGA₃, than Mont 73. It is concluded that: (1) genetically pure lines of wild oatsdiffer in their response to substituted phthalimides - the lineAN-51 being more responsive than Mont 73, (2) the phthalimideAC-94, 377 is the most effective at inducing germination andAC-92, 803 the least, (3) like GA₃, phthalimides induce endospermmobilization and pure lines differ in the degree of this response,and (4) salicylhydroxamate-sensitive respiration is not necessaryfor the stimulation of germination by AC-94-77. The similaritiesin the effects of AC-94, 377 and GA₂, (two structurally dissimilarcompounds), and in the relative response of the two lines tothese chemicals may provide a useful system for the investigationof wild oat seed physiology. The differential susceptibilityof pure lines to phthalimides also indicates that use of thesecompounds to deplete wild oat seed banks may increase the proportionof less responsive biotype(s) in field populations. Wild oats, weed seed bank, dormancy, germination, endosperm mobilization, -amylase, Avena fatua, phthalimides, gibberellic acid     

家兔膈神经元的电活动类型及其在膈神经呼气相电活动中的作用

家兔40只,乌拉坦静脉麻醉,三碘季铵酚制动,人工通气,切断双侧颈迷走神经干,引导左侧膈神经干和右侧膈神经单纤维的传出电活动。在保持动物正常PaCO_2和PaO_2的条件下,所观察的144个膈神经单位,按其电活动与呼吸周期的关系,可分为三类:第一类(U_Ⅰ,占44％),仅在吸气相放电;第二类(U_Ⅱ,41％),放电自吸气相持续到呼气相前期;第三类(U_Ⅲ,15％),在整个呼吸周期中连续放电。逐步加大给动物的人工通气量,在PaCO_2逐渐降低的过程中,96％的U_Ⅰ和58％的U_Ⅱ的放电频率逐渐降低,但始终保持时相性放电的特性,直至放电停止,对具有这些特性的单位称为时相性单位。其余4％的U_Ⅰ和42％的U_Ⅱ,在低PaCO_2下逐渐转为紧张性放电,将这些单位和全部U_Ⅲ称为紧张性单位。我们以前报道的家兔膈神经干的呼气相电活动,是紧张性单位活动的表现。在放电特性方面,本文报告的家兔膈神经元群中的时相性单位和紧张性单位,与Hilaire和St.John报告的猫膈神经元群中的晚募集单位和早募集单位,有类似之处,但不尽相同。     

Relationship between population genetic structure and riparian habitat as revealed by RAPD analysis of the rheophyte Acorus gramineus Soland. (Araceae) in Taiwan

Acorus gramineus Soland. (Araceae) is a rheophyte and is distributed in southeastern Asia. Its populations are restricted to riparian habitats. The discontinuous distribution might result in high genetic diversification among plants of different river systems. In the present study, leaf samples were collected from populations along six river systems in western Taiwan and the genetic variation was investigated by employing RAPD markers. A total of 255 samples from 17 sampling sites was studied. Eighty random 10-mer primers were screened and six of them, which showed better amplification results, were selected to analyse all of the samples. Data of 34 high-intensity and highly reproducible polymorphic fragments were used in statistical analyses. The results of AMOVA analyses indicated that, of the total variation, 46.84% was attributable to differences among river systems, 16.88% to differences among sampling sites within river systems, and 36.28% to differences among individuals within sampling sites. The results of cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis revealed that sampling sites of each river system formed distinct clusters and the sampling sites of six river systems were clustered into three main groups according to latitudinal relationships. The results of the present study indicated that the population genetic structure of the plants of different river systems is highly diversified, which seems to imply that the gene flow among them is very limited.