小麦细胞增殖核抗原基因启动子的克隆及活性分析

细胞增殖核抗原（proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA）基因是DNA聚合酶δ的辅助因子,在真核细胞DNA复制及其损伤修复中发挥着重要的作用.采用高效热不对称交互PCR法（high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR,hiTAIL PCR）从小麦西农1 376基因组中扩增得到小麦PCNA基因启动子片段,并命名为TaPCNA启动子. PlantCARE启动子在线分析软件预测含有光应答调控元件（Box I）、脱落酸应答元件（ABRE）、花粉发育应答元件（GGTT motif,GTGA motif）及细胞周期转换结合位点（E2F-binding site）等.为了分析其启动子活性, 通过替换pBI121载体上的CaMV35S启动子,构建了TaPCNA启动子与β-葡糖醛酸酶（GUS）基因的融合表达载体,通过农杆菌介导法在烟草叶片中进行瞬时表达. GUS组织化学染色结果表明,TaPCNA基因启动子能够驱动GUS基因在烟草叶片中表达,证实了所获得的启动子序列具有启动活性.本研究通过hiTAIL-PCR法克隆得到TaPCNA基因的启动子,为深入研究该基因的功能奠定了基础.     

生产力调控对翌年苹果园土壤水分和苹果叶片光合特性的影响

以盛果期‘长枝富士’为试验材料, 以生产力调控翌年苹果(Malus pumila)树坐果期为主要观测期, 对不同生产力水平下果园土壤水分状况及苹果叶片光合特性进行了研究。结果表明: 在生产力调控范围内, 土壤剖面各个层次土壤含水量均随着生产力水平的减小而增加, 其中在60 cm处达到最大增量, 为31.02%; 而在600 cm范围内土壤贮水量最大能够提高15.41%。随着生产力水平的降低, “光合午休”现象减弱, 净光合速率(P_n)增加, 最大增幅为25.71%, 下午时段的蒸腾速率(T_r)下降迅速, 水分利用效率(WUE)最大提高34.12%。通过相关分析表明, 土壤贮水量(WSC)与P_n、T_r、WUE之间均达到显著相关, 其相关系数分别为: 0.973^**、-0.543^*和0.992^**。土壤贮水量(x)与水分利用效率(y)之间符合y = 0.002 3x - 1.480 6, R²= 0.984 4^**的回归模型。通过生产力调控可以改善土壤水分状况和果树光合能力, 提高WUE。     

D-氨基酸氧化酶研究进展

D-氨基酸氧化酶(D-amino acid oxidase:oxidoreductase, DAAO, EC 1.4.3.3)是一种以黄素腺嘌呤(FAD)为辅基的典型黄素蛋白酶类,可氧化D-氨基酸的氨基生成相应的酮酸和氨。在体内D-氨基酸的代谢中起着重要作用。主要介绍了D-氨基酸氧化酶的生理功能和应用、表达条件优化及通过定点突变对酶学性质的研究。     

Orthoglymma wangapeka gen.n., sp.n. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Broscini): a newly discovered relict from the Buller Terrane,north‐western South Island,New Zealand,corroborates a general pattern of Gondwanan endemism

Orthoglymma Liebherr, Marris, Emberson, Syrett & Roig‐Juñent gen.n. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Broscini) is described to accommodate the single type species Orthoglymma wangapeka Liebherr, Marris, Emberson, Syrett & Roig‐Juñent sp.n., known from the Wangapeka Track, Kahurangi National Park, north‐western South Island, New Zealand. Orthoglymma wangapeka sp.n. is analysed cladistically along with a comprehensive array of 42 other broscine generic terminals and four out‐group taxa, using information obtained from 73 morphological characters, and placed as adelphotaxon to the remainder of subtribe Nothobroscina, a clade distributed in New Zealand, southern South America and Australia. Based on fossil evidence for Carabidae, the occurrence of Orthoglymma wangapeka sp.n. on the Buller Terrane, a geological feature once situated on the eastern margin of Gondwana, and early cladistic divergence of Orthoglymma from the remaining Nothobroscina, Orthoglymma wangapeka sp.n. is interpreted as a Gondwanan relict. The New Zealand arthropod fauna is reviewed to identify other taxa in existence at the time of Cretaceous vicariance of New Zealand and Australia. These candidate Gondwanan taxa, all of which are specified using fossil data or molecular divergence‐based estimates, are analysed biogeographically. Where phylogenetic hypotheses are available, primordial distributions are optimized using event‐based, dispersal‐vicariance (DIVA) analysis. The hypothesized Gondwanan‐aged taxa demonstrate inordinate fidelity to the Gondwanan‐aged geological terranes that constitute the western portions of New Zealand, especially in the South Island. Persistence of these relicts through a hypothesized ‘Oligocene drowning’ event is the most parsimonious explanation for the concentration of Gondwanan relicts in the Nelson, Buller and Fiordland districts of the South Island. Geographic patterns of Gondwanan‐aged taxa are compared with distributions of taxa hypothesized to have colonized New Zealand across the Tasman Sea from Australia and New Caledonia, subsequent to Cretaceous vicariance. These post‐Gondwanan taxa exhibit very different patterns of distribution and diversification in New Zealand, including: (i) abundant endemism in Northland, and the islands and peninsulas of the North Island; (ii) species geographically restricted to areas underlain by the youngest Rakaia and Pahau geological terranes; and (iii) species exhibiting exceedingly widespread geographic distributions spanning geological terranes of disparate ages.

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三七皂苷R1对大鼠缺血心肌VEGF、bFGF的影响

目的:探讨三七皂苷R1对大鼠缺血心肌VEGF、bFGF的影响。方法:选择雄性Wistar大鼠39只,建立心肌梗死(AMI)模型,术后24h存活大鼠随机分为药物组(n=13)、对照组(n=13),另设假手术组(n=8)。药物组给予三七皂苷R1水溶液(2.5 mg·kg-1·d-1)腹腔注射、对照组及假手术组给予等体积生理盐水腹腔注射,用药4周。于实验终点处死大鼠,心肌组织取材,Ⅷ因子染色计数微血管数(MVC)及微血管密度(MVD),免疫组织化学法观察缺血心肌VEGF、bFGF蛋白的表达。结果:药物组及对照组MVC、MVD均高于假手术组,且药物组高于对照组(P0.05);大鼠缺血心肌药物组及对照组VEGF、bFGF蛋白表达均高于假手术组(P0.05),且药物组高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:三七皂苷R1促进大鼠缺血心肌血管再生同时可上调缺血心肌VEGF、bFGF蛋白水平。     

钙对土壤镉有效性的影响及其机理

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盐、碱胁迫下小冰麦体内的pH及离子平衡

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追施氮肥时期对冬小麦旗叶叶绿素荧光特性的影响

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New Triterpenic Glucoside from Beesia calthaefolia  (Maxim.) Ulbr. Native to China

Five compounds (1-5) were isolated from the rhizome of Beesia calthaefolia (Maxim.) Ulbr. Based on chemical and spectral evidence, their structures were determined as beesic acid (9-phenyl-2E, 4E, 6E, 8E-nontetraenoic acid, 1), vanillic acid (2), oleanolic acid-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-α-L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), hederasaponin B (oleanolicacid-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 4) and beesioside Q (oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D -glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 5), respectively. Compound 1 was isolated from natural sources for the first time and compound 5 was a new compound.     

麻风果油为原料的生物柴油生产全过程能值分析

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