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111.
Comparative genome organization in plants: from sequence and markers to chromatin and chromosomes 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18 下载免费PDF全文
Heslop-Harrison JS 《The Plant cell》2000,12(5):617-636
112.
Stochastic noise and synchronisation during dictyostelium aggregation make cAMP oscillations robust 下载免费PDF全文
Stable and robust oscillations in the concentration of adenosine 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) are observed during the aggregation phase of starvation-induced development in Dictyostelium discoideum. In this paper we use mathematical modelling together with ideas from robust control theory to identify two factors which appear to make crucial contributions to ensuring the robustness of these oscillations. Firstly, we show that stochastic fluctuations in the molecular interactions play an important role in preserving stable oscillations in the face of variations in the kinetics of the intracellular network. Secondly, we show that synchronisation of the aggregating cells through the diffusion of extracellular cAMP is a key factor in ensuring robustness of the oscillatory waves of cAMP observed in Dictyostelium cell cultures to cell-to-cell variations. A striking and quite general implication of the results is that the robustness analysis of models of oscillating biomolecular networks (circadian clocks, Ca2+ oscillations, etc.) can only be done reliably by using stochastic simulations, even in the case where molecular concentrations are very high. 相似文献
113.
Ganesh Kumar Veeramachaneni K Kranthi Raj Leela Madhuri Chalasani Sai Krishna Annamraju Bondili JS Venkateswara Rao Talluri 《Bioinformation》2015,11(12):535-542
Increase in obesity rates and obesity associated health issues became one of the greatest health concerns in the present world
population. With alarming increase in obese percentage there is a need to design new drugs related to the obesity targets. Among
the various targets linked to obesity, pancreatic lipase was one of the promising targets for obesity treatment. Using the in silico
methods like structure based virtual screening, QikProp, docking studies and binding energy calculations three molecules namely
zinc85531017, zinc95919096 and zinc33963788 from the natural database were reported as the potential inhibitors for the pancreatic
lipase. Among them zinc95919096 presented all the interactions matching to both standard and crystal ligand and hence it can be
further proceeded to drug discovery process. 相似文献
114.
From crop domestication to super-domestication 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Research related to crop domestication has been transformed by technologies and discoveries in the genome sciences as well as information-related sciences that are providing new tools for bioinformatics and systems' biology. Rapid progress in archaeobotany and ethnobotany are also contributing new knowledge to understanding crop domestication. This sense of rapid progress is encapsulated in this Special Issue, which contains 18 papers by scientists in botanical, crop sciences and related disciplines on the topic of crop domestication. One paper focuses on current themes in the genetics of crop domestication across crops, whereas other papers have a crop or geographic focus. One feature of progress in the sciences related to crop domestication is the availability of well-characterized germplasm resources in the global network of genetic resources centres (genebanks). Germplasm in genebanks is providing research materials for understanding domestication as well as for plant breeding. In this review, we highlight current genetic themes related to crop domestication. Impressive progress in this field in recent years is transforming plant breeding into crop engineering to meet the human need for increased crop yield with the minimum environmental impact - we consider this to be 'super-domestication'. While the time scale of domestication of 10 000 years or less is a very short evolutionary time span, the details emerging of what has happened and what is happening provide a window to see where domestication might - and can - advance in the future. 相似文献
115.
R Martin DS Buchan JS Baker J Young N Sculthorpe FM Grace 《Biology of sport / Institute of Sport》2015,32(4):307-313
The present study examined the physiological impact of a school based sprint interval training (SIT) intervention in replacement of standard physical education (SPE) class on cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF) and glucose homeostasis during the semester following summer vacation. Participants (n=49) were randomly allocated to either intervention (SIT; n=26, aged 16.9 ± 0.3 yrs) or control group who underwent standard physical education (SPE; n=23, aged 16.8 ± 0.6 yrs). CRF (VO2max) and glucose homeostasis were obtained prior-to and following 7 weeks of SIT exercise. Significant group x time interaction was observed for CRF (P < 0.01) with non-significant trends for fasting insulin (P= 0.08), and HOMA-IR (P=0.06). CRF decreased (P < 0.01) in SPE such that POST intervention CRF was significantly lower (P< 0.05) in SPE. Fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.01), insulin (P< 0.01) and HOMA-IR (P< 0.01) increased significantly amongst SPE. The main finding of the present study is that 7-weeks of SIT exercise is an effective method of maintaining (but not improving) CRF and fasting insulin homeostasis amongst school-going adolescents. SIT exercise demonstrates potential as a time efficient physiological adjunct to standard PE class in order to maintain CRF during the school term. 相似文献
116.
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118.
Andrew JS Coats 《Trials》2000,1(3):155-6
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common condition with a poor prognosis. It is associated with poor exercise tolerance and debilitating symptoms. These symptoms appear to be associated with pathophysiological changes that occur systemically in the patient with CHF. Exercise training in carefully selected patients has been shown to be safe and to improve exercise capacity. Many of the pathophysiological abnormalities of CHF are improved by training. Some studies have suggested a possible improvement in morbidity and mortality with training. This review analyzes the controlled clinical trials of exercise training in CHF published to date. 相似文献
119.
The contribution of short repeats of low sequence complexity to large conifer genomes 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
A. Schmidt R. L. Doudrick J. S. Heslop-Harrison T. Schmidt 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(1-2):7-14
The abundance and genomic organization of six simple sequence repeats, consisting of di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide sequence
motifs, and a minisatellite repeat have been analyzed in different gymnosperms by Southern hybridization. Within the gymnosperm
genomes investigated, the abundance and genomic organization of micro- and minisatellite repeats largely follows taxonomic
groupings. We found that only particular simple sequence repeat motifs are amplified in gymnosperm genomes, while others such
as (CAC)5 and (GACA)4 are present in only low copy numbers. The variation in abundance of simple sequence motifs reflects a similar situation to
that found in angiosperms. Species of the two- and three-needle pine section Pinus are relatively conserved and can be distinguished from Pinus strobus which belongs to the five-needle pine section Strobus. The hybridization pattern of Picea species, bald cypress and gingko were different from the patterns detected in the Pinus species. Furthermore, sequences with homology to the plant telomeric repeat (TTTAGGG)n have been analyzed in the same set of gymnosperms. Telomere-like repeats are highly amplified within two- and three- needle
pine genomes, such as slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii), compared to P. strobus,
Picea species, bald cypress and gingko. P. elliottii var. elliottii was used as a representative species to investigate the chromosomal organization of telomere-like sequences by fluorescence
in situ hybridization (FISH). The telomere-like sequences are not restricted to the ends of chromosomes; they form large intercalary
and pericentric blocks showing that they are a repeated component of the slash pine genome.Conifers have genomes larger than
20000 Mbp, and our results clearly demonstrate that repeats of low sequence complexity, such to (CA)8, (GA)8, (GGAT)4 and (GATA)4, and minisatellite- and telomere-like sequences represent a large fraction of the repetitive DNA of these species. The striking
differences in abundance and genome organization of the various repeat motifs suggest that these repetitive sequences evolved
differently in the gymnosperm genomes investigated.
Received: 1 October 1999 / Accepted: 3 November 1999 相似文献
120.
Repetitive DNA, Genome and Species Relationships in Avena and Arrhenatherum(Poaceae) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Repetitive sequences have been widely used for examining genomeand species relationships by in situ and Southern hybridization.In the present study, double-stranded DNA sequences, from denaturedDNA reannealed to Cot = 1, from Avena strigosa(2 n = 2x = 14;A genome; referred to as CotA) and Avena sativa(2n = 6 x =42; ACD genome; referred to as CotACD) were isolated with ahydroxyapatite column, and were used for in situ hybridizationon hexaploid A. sativa chromosomes. Probe CotACD labelled allchromosomes evenly throughout their length at the same intensity.Probe CotA labelled the 28 A and D genome chromosomes stronglyand the 14 C genome chromosomes weakly. Three cloned repetitivesequences, pAvKB9 (126 bp), pAvKB26 (223 bp) and pAvKB32 (721bp) were characterized in the A, B, C and D Avena genomes andthe genus Arrhenatherum using molecular and cytological methods.Clones pAvKB9 and pAvKB26 were absent from the Avena C genome,while both could identify the presence of the D genome by Southernhybridization. In situ hybridization to diploid and tetraploidAvena species revealed that the probes showed a dispersed genomicorganization and that they are present on both arms of all chromosomes.These sequences were excluded from areas where tandem repeats,such as rRNA genes and telomeres, are present. These resultsindicate the close relationship between A and D genomes andthe presence of common DNA sequences between A and C Avena genomes.All three clones hybridized to Southern blots containingArrhenatherumdigested genomic DNA, indicating Arrhenatherums closeaffinity to A, B and D Avena genomes. Copyright 2000 Annalsof Botany Company Cereals, DNA, hydroxyapatite, in situ hybridization, oats, reassociation kinetics, repetitive DNA 相似文献