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101.
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Luis Clepf Passos Marianne Araújo Soares Mariana Abreu Costa JP Michaud Brenda Carolina Freire Geraldo Andrade Carvalho 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2017,27(9):1082-1095
In order to aid the integration of biological and chemical controls for the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), this study evaluated the relative toxicity of five insecticides to the leaf miner predator Macrolophus basicornis (Stal) (Hemiptera: Miridae). The insecticides evaluated were teflubenzuron, abamectin, chlorantraniliprole, chlorfenapyr, and cartap hydrochloride, all of which are recommended for control of T. absoluta in Brazil. Nymphs and adults of M. basicornis were exposed to tomato leaves treated with the insecticides, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The overall mortality caused by the products in both situations was recorded, and the survival of congeneric groups was analysed using the Weibull model. The persistence of the insecticides was also evaluated and they were categorised into toxicity classes proposed by the International Organisation for Biological Control (IOBC) based on predator mortality and persistence. Abamectin and chlorfenapyr were toxic to M. basicornis nymphs and adults in all bioassays. Cartap hydrochloride was slightly harmful to adults in laboratory assays, but harmful to nymphs, and moderately harmful under greenhouse conditions. Chlorantraniliprole and teflubenzuron were harmless in most assays, except when nymphs were exposed in the laboratory, where they were moderately and slightly harmful, respectively. Chlorantraniliprole and teflubenzuron should be preferred insecticides for use in tomato leaf miner IPM programmes that aim to conserve M. basicornis populations. 相似文献
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Y Novik LM Ryan DG Haller R Asbury JP Dutcher A Schutt 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1999,16(4):261-266
The study was a Phase II randomized study to evaluate the efficacy of new agents for the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma.
Patients were randomized to receive single agent chemotherapy with mitoxantrone, etoposide, aclacinomycin-A or spirogermanium.
The patients were stratified by prior use of chemotherapy, prior doxorubicin use and ECOG performance status. Patients with
a history of cardiac disease or prior doxorubicin exceeding a dose of 400 mg/m2 were restrictively randomized to sopirogermanium or etoposide only. One hundred and fourteen patients were registered for
the study. Among 98 evaluable patients there were only two partial responses (both in the etoposide arm), and one complete
response in the mitoxantrone arm. The median survival on the study was 3.3 months. One hundred and six patients were analyzable
for toxicity. There were four treatment-related deaths and four life-threatening toxicities. Because of low response rates
and relatively high toxicities the studied compounds were not deemed worth further investigation for advanced gastric cancer. 相似文献
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Expression of N-linked sialyl Le(x) determinants and O-glycans in the carbohydrate moiety of human amniotic fluid transferrin during pregnancy 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Transferrin, a glycoprotein involved in iron transport in body fluids, was
isolated from amniotic fluid of a hydramniospatient by sequential
anion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The N-glycans of human
amniotic fluid transferrin (hAFT) were enzymatically liberated by PNGase-F
digestion, isolated by gel filtration and fractionated by (high-pH)
anion-exchange chromatography. After alkaline borohydride treatment of
native hAFT, the released O-glycans were isolated by gel filtration and
fractionated by anion-exchange chroma-tography. Structure elucidation of 14
N- and 2 O-glycans was performed by 500 or 600 MHz1H-NMR spectroscopy.
Besides conventional N-glycans established earlier for human serum
transferrin (hST), new (alpha1-3)-fucosylated N- glycans were found,
representing sialyl Le(x) elements. Furthermore, as compared to hST, a
higher degree of (alpha1-6)-fucosylation and an increase in branching from
di- to triantennary compounds has been detected. The presence of O-glycans
is demonstrated for the first time in transferrin.
相似文献
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Evolutionary transfer of ORF-containing group I introns between different subcellular compartments (chloroplast and mitochondrion) 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:8
Turmel M; Cote V; Otis C; Mercier JP; Gray MW; Lonergan KM; Lemieux C 《Molecular biology and evolution》1995,12(4):533-545
We describe here a case of homologous introns containing homologous open
reading frames (ORFs) that are inserted at the same site in the large
subunit (LSU) rRNA gene of different organelles in distantly related
organisms. We show that the chloroplast LSU rRNA gene of the green alga
Chlamydomonas pallidostigmatica contains a group I intron (CpLSU.2)
encoding a site-specific endonuclease (I-CpaI). This intron is inserted at
the identical site (corresponding to position 1931-1932 of the Escherichia
coli 23S rRNA sequence) as a group I intron (AcLSU.m1) in the mitochondrial
LSU rRNA gene of the amoeboid protozoon Acanthamoeba castellanii. The
CpLSU.2 intron displays a remarkable degree of nucleotide similarity in
both primary sequence and secondary structure to the AcLSU.m1 intron;
moreover, the Acanthamoeba intron contains an ORF in the same location
within its secondary structure as the CpLSU.2 ORF and shares with it a
strikingly high level of amino acid similarity (65%; 42% identity). A
comprehensive survey of intron distribution at site 1931 of the chloroplast
LSU rRNA gene reveals a rather restricted occurrence within the
polyphyletic genus Chlamydomonas, with no evidence of this intron among a
number of non- Chlamydomonad green algae surveyed, nor in land plants. A
parallel survey of homologues of a previously described and similar
intron/ORF pair (C. reinhardtii chloroplast CrLSU/A. castellanii
mitochondrial AcLSU.m3) also shows a restricted occurrence of this intron
(site 2593) among chloroplasts, although the intron distribution is
somewhat broader than that observed at site 1931, with site-2593 introns
appearing in several green algal branches outside of the Chlamydomonas
lineage. The available data, while not definitive, are most consistent with
a relatively recent horizontal transfer of both site-1931 and site- 2593
introns (and their contained ORFs) between the chloroplast of a
Chlamydomonas-type organism and the mitochondrion of an Acanthamoeba- like
organism, probably in the direction chloroplast to mitochondrion. The data
also suggest that both introns could have been acquired in a single event.
相似文献